Parafilaria bovicola Tubangui 1934 from a human eye in Thailand.

A 72 year old Thai male; a resident of Kapoe district, Ranong Province, Southern Thailand presented with conjunctivitis of the left eye. A filariid nematode was recovered from under the medial side of ocular conjunctiva of the left eye. The filariid nematode was identified as a young adult female Parafilaria bovicola, based on the following characteristics: no alteration of the transverse striations on the anterior end of the body, the terminal anus and the vulva opening is just posterior to the mouth. This is a first case report in Thailand of P bovicola causing human disease. P. bovicola has caused damage to the meat industry in many countries and has caused disease in humans. Further study of the life cycle, occurrence among cattle, and transmission of the disease between it's natural host and humans is necessary.

Subdermal myiasis caused by maggots of chrysomyia bezziana.

Subdermal myasis due to the maggots of Chrysomyia Bezziana was reports from an Eastern province of Thailand namely Srakeaw. The patient was a 41 year old Thai female farmer whom underwent total thyroidectomy following the diagnosis of thyroid cancer about seven years ago. The tracheostomy was again adult female C. Bezziana deposited the eggs onto the rim of tracheostomy would about one week before the patient had severe pain. Myiasis due to C. Bezziana had previously been reported from the Southern provinces namely Trang, Yala and Satun. The present report was a case from another location and confirmed the exisyence of the fly in Thailand.

Development of eggs and larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum in fresh water and cyclops intermediate host.

The developmental stages of nematode generally comprise an egg, four larval stages, an adult and four moults. The moulting sometime occur within the eggshell. In Gnathostoma spinigerum, the newly hatched free living larvae were called “the first stage larvae” by many authors. However, the mewly hatched free living larvae of Gnathostoma procyonis was found to be the second stage larvae. This finding raised a guestion about the actual stage of the free living larvae of Gn. Spinigerum. Therefore, the present experiments were made. It was found that eggs of Gn. spinigerum developed into the first stage larvae between 4 and 5 days in freshwater. The first stage larva was delicated and cylindrical shape with rounded anterior end and pointed tail. The whole body was filled with coarse refractile granules. The first mouth occurred within the eggshell between one and two days after becoming the first stage and still retained water where they move actively. In the Cyclops intermediate host, after being swallowed, the second stage larvae shed off their sheaths in the intestinal lumen and penetrated into the haemal cavity where the second moult took place. The larvae then became the third stage larvae. The present studies revealed that the first stage larva, the second stage larva and the first moult of Gn. spinigerum occurred within the eggshell. Therefore, the previously called “free living first stage larvae” were in fact the second stage larvae within the sheath of first stage.