ABSTRACT
Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia has become the leadingcause of death for newborns. Since the parameters that arebeing routinely used as a predictor for perinatal asphyxia suchas thick meconium stained liquor, non-reassuring fetal heartpatterns, low Apgar scores, fetal or cord blood pH do notshow consistent correlation with fetal acidosis but nucleatedred blood cell counts in umbilical venous blood of neonateshas been reported as a possible marker of perinatal asphyxia.The number of nucleated red blood cells (nRBCs)/100 whiteblood cells is variable but is rarely greater than 10 in normalneonates. The aim of this study was to study the using ofnucleated red blood cells in umbilical cord blood of newbornsas an indicator for perinatal asphyxia.Material and methods: The study comprised of intramuralterm neonates with and without asphyxia. It was a casecontrol study conducted in the Department of Pediatrics incollaboration with Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,Rohilkhand Medical College and hospital, Bareilly fromNovember 2017 to October 2018. There were 50 asphyxiatednewborns and 50 healthy newborns in the study. The meanlevels of nRBCs in cord blood were significantly higher(p value<0.001) in the asphyxial group (54.06+-22.42) ascompared to control group (10.32+-5.86).Results: Nucleated red blood cells were found to be stronglyassociated with perinatal asphyxia. The mean values of cordblood nRBCs in cases were 54.06+-22.42 and in controlgroup were 10.32+-5.86. The p value being <0.001 which wasstatistically significant indicating the correlation.Conclusions: Therefore it was concluded that nucleated redblood cells in umbilical cord blood of newborns can be used asan effective test for prediction of perinatal asphyxia.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The umbilical cord of every newborn is clampedand cut at birth, yet the optimal timing for this interventionremains controversial. For at least over 200yrs, multiplecontroversies have arisen around the timing of umbilical cordclamping. Delayed cord clamping or placental transfusioncould be a cost effective intervention to improve the ironstatus of infants by enhancing their red cell mass. Search inliterature reveals that several controlled trials evaluating theshort term and long term hematological outcomes of delayedcord clamping have been performed in the past but veryfew studies have investigated the risk of hyperbilirubinemiaespecially from this part of the world. Hence this crosssectional study was conceptualized.Material and Methods: It was a cross-sectional studyconducted among 212 term infants born at RohilkhandMedical College and Hospital, Bareilly, over a period of 1year, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in ourstudy.Results: In the present study, hemoglobin, bilirubin, andhematocrit levels at birth and at 24 hours of birth in Immediatecord clamping and Delayed cord clamping was taken. Meanlevels of hemoglobin, bilirubin and hematocrit was foundhigher in Delayed Cord Clamping group as compared toImmediate Cord Clamping group.Conclusion: The study was conclusive of the fact that interm infants delayed cord clamping increases hemoglobin,hematocrit and bilirubin levels at birth and at 24 hrs of birth ascompared to immediate cord clamping. Moreover, there wasno significant associated adverse effects.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Breastfeeding is a natural source of enormousvalue and is necessary for the life of babies. The influence ofinfants’ eating patterns, on subsequent cholesterol levels is ofinterest.Breastfeeding has been found to be protective againstatherosclerotic cardiac diseases and better lipid profile later inlife compared to bovine milk. Hence, the study was carried outwith aim to compare the lipid profiles of exclusively breastfedinfants and cow milk fed babies.Material and Methods: It was a Prospective ObservationalStudy conducted among fifty exclusively breastfed babiesand fifty exclusively cow milk fed babies. Lipid profile werecompared at three and six month of life over a span of oneyear in Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareillywho fulfilled inclusion criteria of study.Results: In the present study, the exclusive breastfedbabies showed lower levels of cholesterol and low densitylipoprotein, rising levels of HDL/LDL ratio, high densitylipoprotein in exclusive breastfed babies as compared to cowmilk fed babies which showed declining concentrations ofhigh density lipoprotein, HDL/LDL ratio, rising levels of lowdensity lipoprotein.Conclusion: The study was conclusive of the fact thatexclusive breastfeeding for initial six month of life shows anedge to the positive lipid profile (decreasing cholesterol, lowdensity lipoprotein, triglycerides, and increasing high densitylipoprotein and HDL/ LDL ratio) over six month as comparedto exclusively cow milk fed babies.
ABSTRACT
Background: Nosocomial infections (NIs) in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) are one of the leading causes of mortality and long term morbidity in developing countries. We retrospectively analyzed data of NICU patients from June 2013- June 2014. Total 120 patients met inclusion criteria. 73 episodes of nosocomial infections were documented in 67 patients. Eye infection and umbilical sepsis was most common infection followed by systemic blood infection. Klebsiella Pneumoniae and E. coli were the most common organisms causing sepsis. Chlamydia trachomatis and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common organisms responsible for eye infection and umbilical sepsis respectively. Imipenem, Amikacin and Vancomycin showed good sensitivity against most of gram negative and gram positive organisms respectively.
ABSTRACT
Myiasis is an infection of live mammalian tissue by the larval forms of dipteran flies, usually infects domestic and wild animal but human may be affected sometimes. Although adult cases have been reported, neonatal myiasis is a rare condition. Umbilical myiasis is very rare in newborns with few reported cases in the literature.