Role of echography in diagnostic dilemma in choroidal masses.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of echography in diagnosis and management of a diverse array of choroidal masses. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two cases of clinically suspected choroidal masses were prospectively analyzed with B-scan (10 Hz), A-scan, and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) (50 Hz) after a meticulous history and ocular examination. Ancillary investigations and systemic evaluation were also done. Results: Based on clinical suspicion, acoustic features, response to treatment, and other ancillary tests combined together, the various masses were differentiated. The cases included in the study were as follows: n = 10 malignant melanomas, n = 16 metastasis and infiltrations, n = 9 hemangioma, n = 7 tuberculoma, n = 8 nonspecific inflammatory masses, n = 2 disciform plaques, n = 4 macular cysts or retinoschisis, n = 2 Coat’s disease, n = 1 melanocytoma, and n = 2 osteomas. Ultrasonography (USG) alone could identify n = 51 lesions, while UBM in combination with USG was needed in remaining 11 masses. Conclusion: Standardized echography is an important adjunct in the diagnosis and management of eyes with intraocular masses. A better understanding of the clinicopathological and echographic picture of the diverse lesions can help in detection, differentiation, diagnosis, proposing a therapeutic approach, and also monitoring response to treatment. Echography is essential to evaluate tumors for extrascleral and anterior segment extension.

Spectral domain oct patterns of macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion in Indian Eyes.

Aim : To study the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (sd-oct) characteristics of macular edema in branch retinal vein occlusion. Methods : 39 patients with branch retinal vein occlusion were studied with sd-oct . Characteristics analyzed were - integrity of inner segment outer segment junction, integrity of external limiting membrane, central retinal thickness and presence or absence of serous macular detachment. Results : 30 patients had disrupted photoreceptor Inner Segment-Outer Segment integrity. ( 76.9 %). External Limiting Membrane was disrupted in 64.2 % patients ( n=25 ). Serous macular detachment was present in 20. 5% patients. Average central retinal thickness was 363.84 microns. Conclusions : Spectral domain oct characteristics can help to predict the visual outcome in patients with macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion.