ABSTRACT
Introduction: Morphometric assessment of mental foramina (MF) of the mandible for its variable position is considered to be helpful for the surgeons and dentists for the localized surgical procedures and for the anesthetists to execute nerve block practices. Hence the objective of the present study is to establish the morphometric variability in the position of MF in terms of gender in the mandibles of Southern Indian origin with possible clinical implications. Methods: The shape, size, and location of MF were measured on both sides of the mandible (n=92). Location of MF was established by measuring the distance from MF to the [1] mental symphysis [2] alveolar crest, [3] the base of the mandible, and [4] posterior border of the ramus of the mandible. All the morphometric data were analyzed statistically with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The higher incidence (58.7%) of rounded MF was recorded. There were no cases of MF anterior to the first pre-molar and below the 1st molar. Most of them (45.7%) were below the 2nd premolar. There was a significant association between gender and the position of the MF (p=0.011). But, no association between gender and side as well as the shape was noted. Significant associations were found between gender and the distance from mental foramen to the posterior border of the ramus and also to the alveolar crest. A significant association between the gender and the positions of the MF was noted. Conclusion: The variations observed from previous studies might be related to the feeding habits of different regions which may ultimately, affect the development of mandibles. Prior knowledge regarding the common positions of MF in local populations is helpful in effective nerve blocks and maxillofacial surgeries.
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Stature estimation has a valuable importance for the anatomist, anthropologist and the forensic experts. Long bones are usually used for the estimation of individual height for the said purpose since 1952. The purpose of this study is to formulate a linear regression equation for the estimation of the stature of living female adult population from the length of ulna. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted at M.B. Kedia Dental College Birgunj on 150 subjects who were chosen from among the patients and their attendants in the OPD. The height was measured from the crown to the heel and the length of the ulna was measured from the tip of the olecranon process to the tip of the styloid process. The recorded data was calculated by the standard statistical software. Results: The correlation coefficient (r) was found to be 0.55(p<0.001) for the left ulna with stature and it was 0.463 (p<0.001) for the right ulna with stature after analyzing the data. Supportive regression equations and scatter-plot diagrams could successfully interpret the height from the ulnar length of the population. Conclusion: The ulna length can be used for estimating the height of an individual. The regression equation which were proposed in this study will be useful for forensic esperts, clinicians, anatomists, archeologists, and anthropologists . Such evidence provides the investigator to gauge that aspect of an individual’s physical description.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The objectives of the present study were to determine the type of the pterion in the dry human skulls of Dakshina Kannada district of Southern India and to study its topography. Materials and Methods: The present study included 32 adult human skulls of unknown gender. The pterions of both the right and left sides were studied. Results: The present study observed all the 4 types of pterion. Among them, Spheno-parietal type was higher in frequency. This type was found on right side 25 (78.1%) and left side 28 (87.5%) skulls. The distance between the centres of pterion to the midpoint of zygomatic arch (P-ZA) was 40.08±0.46 mm on the right side of the skull, whereas on left side of the skull it was 39.9±0.17 mm. Distance between the centre of pterion to the posterolateral aspect of fronto-zygomatic suture (P-FZ) on right side of the skull was 30.37±0.44 mm and it was 29.53±0.26 mm on the left side. Conclusion: We believe that the present study has provided the additional information about the morphology and morphometry of pterion, which is important to the neurosurgical and radiological literature.