ABSTRACT
Background: The volume of various abdominal organs varies with age, height, weight and body mass index (BMI).Scanning of the viscera is carried out to know the normal dimensions and volumes. Studies have shown that thevolume of pancreas is influenced by age, gender, ethnicity, weight, height and BMI. Organ volume and functionreflect the health of the organs. Altered volume of pancreas is associated with infective, infiltrative, immunological,infestative and malignant conditions. Anthropometry varies with races and regions of the world. Specific ethnicpopulation nomograms are needed for proper medical diagnosis and for monitoring disease progress.Results: A total of 300 eligible subjects between 20-60 years of age, who were to undergo abdominal computedtomography (CT) due to various indications, were included in the study. In our study the mean pancreatic volume(PV) was 115.71+-33.60 cm3. Pancreatic volume was significantly correlated with weight, height and BMI of thesubjects in our study.Conclusion: Nomograms from this data can be used locally for Kashmiri ethnic population to allow clinicians toestimate more accurately the degree of atrophy or hypertrophy of organs in certain disorders and thus, avoidfalse positive and false negative diagnosis of pathological enlargement or reduction of pancreas in clinicalpractice.
ABSTRACT
To assess calcium and phosphate loss from enamel using 37.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP) gel with additional application of light emitting diode (LED), Diode laser and Nano-Pulsed Cold laser (NPCL) light sources compared to that of 37.5% HP alone using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Methods: Twenty teeth were sectioned to obtain mesiobuccal, distobuccal, mesiopalatal and distopalatal specimens. The specimens were randomly assigned to four equal groups. 37.5% HP of 1mm thickness was applied to the enamel surface of each specimen. Each group received three cycles of bleaching of 8 minute’s duration. Group II, III & IV received additional application of LED, Diode laser & cold laser light respectively. Results: Data was analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Group III showed the maximum loss of ions while Group IV showed the least loss and the differences were statistically significant (P < .05). Conclusion: Teeth treated with 37.5% hydrogen peroxide with application of Nano-Pulsed Cold Laser (NPCL) light presented with significantly minimal calcium and phosphate loss
ABSTRACT
Bleaching of vital teeth is a very common practice nowadays prompted by high esthetic demands of patients. But bleaching agents are known to cause some transient damage to enamel microstructure, so the need arises to determine the effect of bleaching agents on the mineral content of enamel. Aim: To evaluate mineral loss from enamel using in-office bleaching agent Hydrogen Peroxide and the effect of LED and Laser activated bleaching agent on mineral loss from enamel. Methods: Forty human premolar crowns were divided into buccal and lingual specimens and 80 blocks of 4x4x3mm each were obtained. Samples were randomly divided into four groups of twenty each depending upon the beaching treatment and activation method. Group I – Hydrogen Peroxide without additional activation, Group II – Hydrogen Peroxide with additional activation by Diode Laser, Group III – Hydrogen Peroxide with additional activation by LED Light and Group IV – Control group. Amount of calcium and Phosphate loss was calculated using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results: Results showed that bleaching with hydrogen peroxide leads to calcium and phosphate loss from enamel with additional activation resulting in higher amounts of mineral loss especially with Laser activation. Conclusion: Bleaching agents result in calcium and phosphate loss from enamel with significantly high loss of minerals due to additional activation by Laser and LED Light. Therefore bleaching procedures must be followed by remineralization treatments to prevent damage to enamel.
ABSTRACT
Background: The imaging modalities for evaluation of temporal bone are plain radiographs, multidirectional tomography, angiography, CT and MRI Plain X-ray is an inexpensive method to study temporal bone, but results in an inaccurate diagnosis Multidirectional tomography provides excellent bony details; however, soft tissues can’t be delineated Also, there is increased radiation to the eye lens Angiography is the gold standard for evaluation of vascular lesions but is invasive with the risk of complications The aim of the present study was to evaluate Role of High Resolution Computed Tomography in Temporal Bone Diseases and correlate HRCT image based findings with the operative and pathological findings to determine the accuracy of HRCT findings wherever possible Materials and methods: This prospective study was done in Department of Radiodiagnosis & Imaging of Govt Medical College Srinagar, J&K in collaboration with the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, in patients suspected of having temporal bone disease All the patients who were, suspected of unsafe chronic serous otitis media (CSOM), evaluation of congenitally deaf child, having known or suspected deformities of inner, middle or external ear, tinnitus or vertigo, tumors of temporal bone and temporal bone fracture were included in the study While exclusion criteria included, Patients of age <1 or >70 years Results: Various findings associated with temporal bone trauma on HRCT showed 10 cases of Hemotympanum, 6 with facial nerve involvement, 2 with Labyrinthine involvement and Intracranial involvement was seen in 6 cases In the current study 9 patients had symptomatic congenital anomalies involving various structures of the ear and temporal bone
ABSTRACT
Joubert syndrome is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder with only 200 cases reported worldwide.Here we report 4 cases of this rare disorder with MRI findings.