ABSTRACT
Introduction: Carrying angle (CA) is the angle subtendedby median axis of the arm with fully extended and supinatedforearm. There is scarcity of evidence in the literature regardingdifferences between the CA in both sexes depending uponthe ossification of arm and forearm bones and comparison ofCA between dominant and non dominant limb. Study aimedat comparison of data obtained by measuring CA by manualmethod between dominant and non dominant limb in agegroup 18 – 30 years.Material and Methods: CA was measured in 200 individualsof both sexes by clinical method with a manual goniometer.Results: Present study shows the significant gender differenceand significant difference between dominant and non dominantlimb.Conclusion: Unnecessary x ray exposure to children, youngadults and pregnant women can be avoided, by measuring CAby clinical methods.
ABSTRACT
Background: Transverse fractures of body of the patella are by far the most common fractures of this bone. Surgical fixation is the recommended treatment in displaced fractures with extensor lag. Although, tension band wiring (TBW) technique is the gold standard for these fractures, few surgeons recommend augmentation with circumferential cerclage wiring to improve the strength of the fixation. We compared the results of the internal fixation of displaced transverse fractures of the patella using TBW and circumferential cerclage wiring with those treated with TBW alone. Methods: We treated 54 displaced transverse fractures of the patella at our institution. We segregated the patients into two groups: Group 1 (n=23) included fractures treated with tension band wiring (TBW) along with augmented circumferential cerclage wiring while as Group 2 (n=31) included fractures treated by TBW alone. Outcome was studied, graded and compared on the basis of knee pain, knee stiffness, quadriceps wasting, loss of flexion and loss of extension. Results: 73.90% patients among group 1 and 70.96% among group 2 showed excellent to good results (P value < 0.1). Fixation failure and need for revision surgery among group 1 and group 2 was found to be 8.69% and 9.67%, respectively (P value < 0.6). Infections and non union occurred among 4.34% patients in group 1 whereas in group 2 it was 6.45% of the patients who encountered the same (P value < 0.6). Conclusions: The use of circumferential cerclage wiring along with tension band wiring for displaced transverse fractures of patella seems to have no added advantage over fixation with tension band wiring alone. Keywords: Patella fracture, Tension band wiring, cerclage wiring
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Sacropelvic parameters in various spine and hipdisorders have been published in various studies. We aimed tostudy the normal sacropelvic parameters and curvatures of thespine and their correlation in asymptomatic Indian adults inrelation to variations in sex and age.Material and Methods: 200 Volunteers were taken fromgeneral population with age ranging from 18-50. Patientwas made to stand and left lateral radiograph exposing C7 toS1 and both the hips with a long 30x90 cm cassette placedat 230 cm from the X-ray tube was performed by a singleradiographer to avoid bias.Results: The average LL, SS, PI, PT, and SVA values wereaverage 55.61±10.68, 38.38±8.33,47.94±10.24,10.16±6.23 and 17.27±9.72 respectively. No statistically significantdifference was observed in statistical values with regardsto sex. Our study showed that PI has significant positivecorrelations with SS, LL and PT, and also affects LL. SS hassignificant positive correlation with LL.Conclusion: The current results could contribute to not onlythe understanding of normal sagittal spinal alignment, but alsoserve as a basis for realignment strategies in young Kashmiriadults.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and has a poor prognosis but integration of chemoradiationhas led to an increase in overall survival time and percentage of cured patients with acceptable toxicity.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of hyperfractionated (HFX) radiotherapy with conventionalradiotherapy and weekly concurrent paclitaxel in stage IIB/III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients were enrolled, of which 30 patients were given twice daily radiotherapy(1.2 Gy each) to a total of 72 Gy over 5–6 weeks and 30 patients were given single daily fraction (2 Gy) to a total of 66 Gy forthe same duration to achieve a comparable biological effective dose. Both groups received weekly 50 mg/m2 paclitaxel.Results: An overall response of 83.3% versus 56.6% with a partial response of 70% versus 53.3% and complete response(CR) of 13.3% versus 3% was seen in HFX radiotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy which was statistically significant(P = 0.04). 10 of 25 patients and 11 of 17 patients who achieved response in study and control groups, respectively, progressed.The median survival of patients in HFX radiotherapy arm was 18 months, compared to 9 months in conventional radiotherapyarm. The median time to local recurrence was 19 versus 11 months with local recurrence-free survival of 72% versus 66% at1 year follow-up. The 1 and 2 year survival rates were 76% and 40% in study arm and 50% and 26% in control arm (P - 0.005).Esophagitis (70% vs. 63.3%), skin reaction (70% vs. 63.3%), and radiation-induced pneumonitis (50% vs. 43.3%) were thecommon toxicities with no statistical significance between the two groups. Overall, there was mild chemotherapy-related toxicity.Conclusions: The combination of HFX radiation with weekly paclitaxel is effective treatment with a moderate degree of toxicityin stage IIB/III NSCLC. An average response to treatment and the use of lesser drugs have made us to consider this therapyin locally advanced NSCLC.