ABSTRACT
Desórdenes sistémicos de la homeostasis mineral o fallas en la mineralización de la matriz extracelular pueden afectar tanto a las piezas dentarias como a su aparato de sostén, conduciendo al fracaso de los tratamientos odontológicos. Existe poca evidencia científica sobre modelos animales que permitan es-tudiar la respuesta de tejidos dentarios/paradenta-rios frente a este tipo de desórdenes. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar experimentalmente al-teraciones de la biomineralización inducidas por bis-fosfonatos en ratas Wistar. Para ello, 20 ratas Wistar hembras y machos (35±10 g) fueron tratados con 20 mg/kg de etidronato bisódico (EHBP) o solución fi-siológica (control) vía intraperitoneal 5 veces por se-mana durante 3 semanas. Luego de la eutanasia, se extrajeron las mandíbulas para su procesamiento y análisis histológico (H&E). Mediante microfotografías digitales se evaluó: área ósea/área total, espesor de ligamento periodontal, áreas de dentina y de cemen-to. Los resultados se analizaron estadísticamente mediante el test T de Student para comparaciones entre grupos y el test ANOVA de 2 vías para las com-paraciones intersexo. Los grupos EHBP presentaron mayor proporción de osteoide, dentina y cemento no mineralizados respecto a los controles, siendo más marcadas las diferencias en las hembras. Las hem-bras del grupo EHBP mostraron una disminución significativa en el espesor del ligamento periodontal respecto de los controles, aunque esta tendencia no se observó en machos. Los resultados del presente estudio demuestran que el EHBP, en la dosis y tiempo estudiados, altera los procesos de biomineralización tanto del tejido óseo como de los tejidos dentarios (AU)
Systemic disorders of mineral homeostasis or alterations in the mineralization of the extracellular matrix can affect both dental and supportive tissues, leading to the failure of dental treatments. There is a lack of scientific information about animal models that allow to study the response of dental/paradental tissues in this type of disorders. The aim of the present work was to study the biomineralization alterations induced by bisphosphonates in Wistar rats and to study the response of dental and paradental tissues. Twenty Wistar rats (35±10 g) were divided in control (females, males) and EHBP (females, males) groups. The EHBP group received 20 mg/kg of ethidronate bisodium intraperitoneally 5 times a week for 3 weeks, while the control group received saline solution. After euthanasia, mandibles were resected and processed histologically to obtained oriented sections for H&E staining. Photomicrographs were used to evaluate: Bone area/total area, periodontal ligament thickness, dentin and cement area. Results were statistically analyzed using the Student's T test for comparisons between groups and the 2-way ANOVA test for male and female comparisons. The EHBP groups showed a higher amount of non-mineralized osteoid, dentin and cement compared to control groups, being more evident in females. Females in the EHBP group showed a significant decrease in periodontal ligament thickness compared to controls, although this profile was not observed in males. The results of the present study demonstrate that EHBP, at the dose and time studied, alters the biomineralization processes of both bone and dental tissues (AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Tooth/drug effects , Diphosphonates/adverse effects , Biomineralization/drug effects , Data Interpretation, StatisticalABSTRACT
The pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the effects of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion on cardiopulmonary function and inflammation are unclear. We developed an experimental model of homologous 14-days stored RBC transfusion in hypovolemic swine to evaluate the short-term effects of transfusion on cardiopulmonary system and inflammation. Sixteen healthy male anesthetized swine (68±3.3 kg) were submitted to controlled hemorrhage (25% of blood volume). Two units of non-filtered RBC from each animal were stored under blood bank conditions for 14 days. After 30 min of hypovolemia, the control group (n=8) received an infusion of lactated Ringer's solution (three times the removed volume). The transfusion group (n=8) received two units of homologous 14-days stored RBC and lactated Ringer's solution in a volume that was three times the difference between blood removed and blood transfusion infused. Both groups were followed up for 6 h after resuscitation with collection of hemodynamic and respiratory data. Cytokines and RNA expression were measured in plasma and lung tissue. Stored RBC transfusion significantly increased mixed oxygen venous saturation and arterial oxygen content. Transfusion was not associated with alterations on pulmonary function. Pulmonary concentrations of cytokines were not different between groups. Gene expression for lung cytokines demonstrated a 2-fold increase in mRNA level for inducible nitric oxide synthase and a 0.5-fold decrease in mRNA content for IL-21 in the transfused group. Thus, stored homologous RBC transfusion in a hypovolemia model improved cardiovascular parameters but did not induce significant effects on microcirculation, pulmonary inflammation and respiratory function up to 6 h after transfusion.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Pneumonia/physiopathology , Respiratory Physiological Phenomena , Blood Preservation/methods , Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena , Erythrocyte Transfusion/methods , Hypovolemia/therapy , Swine , Blood Preservation/adverse effects , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Cytokines/blood , Treatment Outcome , Erythrocyte Transfusion/adverse effects , Disease Models, Animal , HemodynamicsABSTRACT
Desde 1970 vem ocorrendo crescimento na utilização de ossos alogênicos em vários procedimentos ortopédicos, resultando na criação de bancos de ossos no mundo todo. Com o propósito de minimizar a morbidade nos receptores de ossos e padronizar procedimento operacionais para banco de ossos, os autores consideram necessário e fundamental estabelecer normas e critérios para regulamentar a doação de ossos. Seu objetivo é propor uma padronização para procedimentos operacionais em banco de ossos no Brasil. Com a finalidade de padronizar um manual operacional, vários manuais de padronização provenientes de instituições internacionais foram consultados, juntamente com a Portaria 1.376 do Ministério da Saúde (1993), por ser esta a referência concernente à doação de sangue no Brasil. Dessa maneira, parece ser plausível a adaptação de regulamentos internacionais para banco de ossos à legislação brasileira. Um manual de procedimentos operacionais em banco de ossos foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de padronizar os critérios para a retirada, identificação, processamento, estoque e liberação do material doado. Nesse manual também estão contidos os testes sorológicos mínimos para a investigação de doenças infecciosas e testes microbiológicos para o descarte de material contaminado. O banco de ossos necessita de um programa de controle de qualidade similar ao do banco de sangue. É recomendado que o banco de ossos seja gerenciado pelo banco de sangue, por sua experiência gerencial e sua estrutura operacional adequada para o manuseio do material doado.