Comparison of pingyangmycin fibrin glue composite and pingyangmycin dexamethasone composite in the treatment of pharyngolaryngeal venous malformation / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To analyze and compare the efficacy and safety of pingyangmycin fibrin glue composite (PFG) and pingyangmycin dexamethasone composite (PD) in the treatment of pharyngolaryngeal venous malformation (VM). Methods: The clinical data of 98 patients with pharyngolaryngeal VM who underwent sclerotherapy with pingyangmycin composite in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June 2013 to November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to their treatment, patients were divided into PFG group (n=34) and PD group (n=64), among those patients there were 54 males and 44 females, aged 1-77(37.06±18.86)years. The lesion size, total treatment times and adverse events were recorded before and after treatment. And the efficacy was divided into three grades: recovery, effective and invalid. According to the length of VM, all patients were divided into three subgroups, to compare the differences in efficacy and treatment times between each two groups.And finally the adverse events and their treatments were analyzed. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: The efficacy of PFG group was 94.11%(32/34), the recovery rate was 85.29%(29/34).And the efficacy of PD group was 93.75%(60/64), the recovery rate was 64.06%(41/64). No serious adverse eventst occurred in subgroup comparison, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in efficacy and the times of treatments when the length was≤3 cm (Zefficacy=1.04, ttreatment times=2.18, P>0.05); when the length was 3-5 cm, there was no significant efficacy difference between the two groups(Zefficacy=1.17, P>0.05), but the treatment times of PFG were less (ttreatment times=4.87, P<0.01); when the length≥5 cm, efficacy of PFG was significantly better than PD (Zefficacy=2.94, P<0.01), and had fewer treatments times (ttreatment times=2.16, P<0.01). There were no serious adverse events in either group during treatment and follow-up. Conclusion: Both PFG and PD are safe and effective composite sclerotherapy agent for the treatment of laryngeal VM, but PFG has a higher cure rate and fewer treatment times for massive lesions.

Omalizumab Treats Aspirin-Induced Asthma Complicated With Nasosinusitis and Otitis Media:Report of One Case / 中国医学科学院学报

Omalizumab,as a biological agent targeting IgE,is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody and the first targeted drug approved for treating moderate-to-severe bronchial asthma.By reviewing one case of aspirin-induced asthma complicated with nasosinusitis and otitis media,we discussed the value of omalizumab in the treatment of asthma and its complications,aiming to provide a reference for clinical practice.

Advances in bioanalysis methods and pharmacokinetics of polymer nanopharmaceuticals / 药学学报

Polymer nanomaterials have been attracted more and more attention because of their advantages such as long circulation, reduced immunogenicity and less side effects, and have become a hot research topic in nanomaterials. However, the number of polymer nanomedicines successfully applied in clinical application is very limited, and the unsatisfactory pharmacokinetic behavior is one of the main reasons for thisresult. After polymer nanoparticles enter the body, they will release free drugs and polymer excipients. Polymer nanoparticles are the loaded drugs and free drugs are the active chemicals for efficacy, while polymer excipients may cause excipient drug interactions. Therefore, the focus of the pharmacokinetics study of polymer nanoparticles should not be only limited to the free drugs themselves, but should also focus on the loaded drugs, free drugs and polymer excipients. The dynamic changes of polymer excipients and their metabolites pose new requirements and challenges for the bioanalysis of polymer nanomedicines. The characteristics and application scope of common analytical methods for detection polymer nanomedicines including chromatographic assay will be discussed in this paper. Moreover, this review will also summarize the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of polymer nanomedicines. We hope this review will provide reference for the pharmacokinetics study, safety and effectiveness evaluation of polymer nanomedicines.

Research status and hotspot analysis of body donation based on CNKI and Web of Science Core Collection Database / 解剖学报

Objective To provide references by analyzing the history, hotspot, and trend of the research in body donation. Methods CiteSpace software was used to conduct a co-occurrence network analysis. Totally 196 articles in CNKI database and 114 articles in Web of Science Core Collection Database were included. Results The number of articles in China increased in recent years. "Political and legal organizations" and "medical schools and departments" were main research institutions. "Death", "donation attitude", "ethics", and "humanity educations" were new emerging research directions in recent years. National studies of body donation were mainly conducted by USA and New Zealand, while most institutions were universities. High frequency keywords were "dissection", "cadaver", "anatomy" Conclusion Research in body donation in China shows a trend of increasing depth and diversity, while most research still lacks innovation and cooperation compared to national studies, especially studies in legislation and human ethics of body donation.

Phosphoribosyl-pyrophosphate synthetase 2 (PRPS2) depletion regulates spermatogenic cell apoptosis and is correlated with hypospermatogenesis / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Phosphoribosyl-pyrophosphate synthetase 2 (PRPS2) is a rate-limiting enzyme and plays an important role in purine and pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. Recent studies report that PRPS2 is involved in male infertility. However, the role of PRPS2 in hypospermatogenesis is unknown. In this study, the relationship of PRPS2 with hypospermatogenesis and spermatogenic cell apoptosis was investigated. The results showed that PRPS2 depletion increased the number of apoptotic spermatogenic cells in vitro. PRPS2 was downregulated in a mouse model of hypospermatogenesis. When PRPS2 expression was knocked down in mouse testes, hypospermatogenesis and accelerated apoptosis of spermatogenic cells were noted. E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) was confirmed as the target gene of PRPS2 and played a key role in cell apoptosis by regulating the P53/Bcl-xl/Bcl-2/Caspase 6/Caspase 9 apoptosis pathway. Therefore, these data indicate that PRPS2 depletion contributes to the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells and is associated with hypospermatogenesis, which may be helpful for the diagnosis of male infertility.

Clinical Characteristics and Endoscopic Endonasal Removal of Foreign Bodies within Sinuses, Orbit, and Skull Base / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Foreign bodies within the sinuses, orbit, and skull base (FBSOS) are rare; hence, diagnosis and management guidelines are lacking. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) removal is preferred because of the less invasiveness and minimal morbidity. This study was designed to summarize clinical experience with ESS management of FBSOS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively reviewed clinical manifestations, imaging findings, treatment, and outcomes in consecutive patients with ESS removal of FBSOS between 2004 and 2015 at a tertiary academic medical center. The Chi-square test was performed to compare the infection rate between wooden and nonwooden FBSOS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 23 male and five female patients, with median age of 11 years. FBSOS were located within the sinuses (86%), orbit (75%), and skull base/intracranial region (46%). Wooden FBSOS had a significantly higher risk of infection (78%) compared with nonwooden FBSOS (5%, P < 0.05). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) plus three-dimensional reconstruction was sensitive in all cases. Twenty-seven (96%) FBSOS were removed by ESS alone, while 1 (4%) FBSOS was removed using the combined ESS and lateral cervical approach. Four of the nine intracranial penetrating FBSOS patients had intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and received endoscopic CSF leak repair. Twelve (43%) patients suffered complications (meningitis, diplopia, and vision loss).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ESS is a minimally invasive, safe, and promising surgical approach for FBSOS removal. Contrast-enhanced CT is effective in preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative guidance. Wooden FBSOS had higher risk of infection, thus antibiotics are recommended.</p>

Apoptotic and nonapoptotic function of caspase 7 in spermatogenesis / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Recent studies have reported that caspase 7 has an apoptotic and nonapoptotic function. However, the relationship between caspase 7 and spermatogenesis remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the possible function of caspase 7 during normal and abnormal spermatogenesis. The cleaved form of caspase 7 was detected in testis tissues at different postpartum times (5-14 weeks) by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Then, the mice models of spermatogenic dysfunction were obtained by busulfan (30 mg kg-1 to further evaluate the potential function and mechanism of caspase 7. qRT-PCR and Western blot results showed that caspase 7 expression was gradually elevated from 5 to 14 weeks, which was not connected with apoptosis. IHC results revealed that caspase 7 was mainly located in spermatogenic cells and Leydig cells. In addition, spermatogenic dysfunction induced by busulfan gradually enhanced the apoptosis and elevated the expression of caspase 3, caspase 6, and caspase 9, but decreased the expression of caspase 7 in spermatogenic cells. However, when spermatogenic cells were mostly disappeared at the fourth week after busulfan treatment, caspase 7 expression in Leydig cells was significantly increased and positively correlated with the expression of caspase 3, caspase 6, and caspase 9. Therefore, these results indicate that caspase 7 has a nonapoptic function that participates in normal spermatogenesis, but also displays apoptotic function in spermatogenic dysfunction.

Smartphone Application WeChat for Clinical Follow-up of Discharged Patients with Head and Neck Tumors: A Randomized Controlled Trial / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Nowadays, social media tools such as short message service, Twitter, video, and web-based systems are more and more used in clinical follow-up, making clinical follow-up much more time- and cost-effective than ever before. However, as the most popular social media in China, little is known about the utility of smartphone WeChat application in follow-up. In this study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility and superiority of WeChat application in clinical follow-up.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 108 patients diagnosed with head and neck tumor were randomized to WeChat follow-up (WFU) group or telephone follow-up (TFU) group for 6-month follow-up. The follow-ups were delivered by WeChat or telephone at 2 weeks, 1, 2, 3, and 6 months to the patients after being discharged. The study measurements were time consumption for follow-up delivery, total economic cost, lost-to-follow-up rate, and overall satisfaction for the follow-up method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Time consumption in WFU group for each patient (23.36 ± 6.16 min) was significantly shorter than that in TFU group (42.89 ± 7.15 min) (P < 0.001); total economic cost in WFU group (RMB 90 Yuan) was much lower than that in TFU group (RMB 196 Yuan). Lost-to-follow-up rate in the WFU group was 7.02% (4/57) compared with TFU group, 9.80% (5/51), while no significance was observed (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.176-2.740; P = 0.732). The overall satisfaction rate in WFU group was 94.34% (50/53) compared with 80.43% (37/46) in TFU group (95% CI: 0.057-0.067; P = 0.034).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The smartphone WeChat application was found to be a viable option for follow-up in discharged patients with head and neck tumors. WFU was time-effective, cost-effective, and convenient in communication. This doctor-led follow-up model has the potential to establish a good physician-patient relationship by enhancing dynamic communications and providing individual health instructions.</p><p><b>TRIAL REGISTRATION</b>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-IOR-15007498; http://www.chictr.org.cn/ showproj.aspx?proj=12613.</p>

Identification of occult disseminated tumor cells by recombinant herpes simplex virus expressing GFP (HSV(GFP)) / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a novel rapid protocol for the detection of occult disseminated tumor cells by a recombinant herpes simplex virus expressing GFP (HSV(GFP)).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tumor cells of seven cell lines were exposed to HSV(GFP) and then examined for GFP expression by fluorescence microscopy. Various numbers of tumor cells (10, 100, 1000, 10 000) were mixed into 2 ml human whole blood, separated with lymphocytes separation medium, exposed to HSV(GFP), incubated at 37°C for 6 - 24 h and then counted for the number of green cells under the fluorescence microscope. Some clinical samples including peripheral blood, pleural effusion, ascites, spinal fluid from tumor-bearing patients were screened using this protocol in parallel with routine cytological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HSV(GFP) was able to infect all 7 tumor cell lines indicating that the HSV(GFP) can be used to detect different types of tumor cells. The detection sensitivity was 10 cancer cells in 2 ml whole blood. In the clinical samples, there were 4/15 positive by routine cytological examination but 11/15 positive by HSV(GFP), indicating a higher sensitivity of this new protocol.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Recombinant herpes simplex virus-mediated green fluorescence is a simple and sensitive technique for the identification of occult disseminated cancer cells including circulating tumor cells (CTCs).</p>

Construction of a new oncolytic virus oHSV2hGM-CSF and its anti-tumor effects / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to construct a new oncolytic virus oHSV2hGM-CSF and evaluate its oncolytic activity in vitro and in vivo in parallel with oHSV1hGM-CSF.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>oHSV2hGM-CSF was a replication-competent, attenuated HSV2 based on the HG52 virus (an HSV2 strain). It was engineered to be specific for cancer by deletion of the viral genes ICP34.5 and ICP47 and insertion of the gene encoding hGM-CSF. To measure the in vitro killing effect of the virus, 15 human tumor cell lines (HeLa, Eca-109, PG, HepG2, SK/FU, CNE-2Z, PC-3, SK-OV3, A-549, 786-0, MCF-7, Hep-2, HT-29, SK-Mel-28, U87-MG) and mouse melanoma (B16R) cell line were seeded into 24-well plates and infected with viruses at MOI = 1 (multiplicity of infection, MOI), or left uninfected. The cells were harvested 24 and 48 hours post infection, and observed under the microscope. For animal studies, the oncolytic viruses were administered intratumorally (at 3-day interval) at a dose of 2.3 x 10(6) PFU (plaque forming unit, PFU) for three times when the tumor volume reached 7-8 mm3. The tumor volume was measured at 3-day intervals and animal survival was recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both oHSV2hCM-CSFand oHSV1hGM-CSF induced widespread cytopathic effects at 24 h after infection. OHSV2hGM-CSF, by contrast, produced more plaques with a syncytial phenotype than oHSV1hGM-CSF. In the in vitro killing experiments for the cell lines HeLa, HepG2, SK-Mel-28, B16R and U87-MG, oHSV2hGM-CSF eradicated significantly more cells than oHSV1hGM-CSF under the same conditions. For the mouse experiments, it was observed that oHSV2hGM-CSF significantly inhibited the tumor growth. At 15 days after B16R tumor cells inoculation, the tumor volumes of the PBS, oHSV1hGCM-CSF and oHSV2hGM-CSF groups were (374.7 +/- 128.24) mm3, (128.23 +/- 45.32) mm3 (P < 0.05, vs. PBS group) or (10.06 +/- 5.1) mm3 (P < 0.01, vs. PBS group), respectively (mean +/- error). The long term therapeutic effect of oHSV2hGM-CSF on the B16R animal model was evaluated by recording animal survival over 110 days after tumor cells inoculation whereas all the mice in the PBS group died by day 22 (P < 0.01). The anti-tumor mechanism of the newly constructed oHSV2hGM-CSF against B16R cell tumor appeared to include the directly oncolytic activity and the induction of anti-tumor immunity to some degree.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The findings of our study demonstrate that the newly constructed oHSV2hGM-CSF has potent anti-tumor activity in vitro to many tumor cell lines and in vive to the transplanted B16R tumor models.</p>

Generation of a herpes simplex virus-permissive mouse melanoma cell line B16RHSV / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To generate an oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) permissive mouse melanoma cell line B16RHSV, preserving the tumorigenic ability in syngeneic mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The herpes simplex virus entry mediator (HVEM) gene was amplified by PCR from human melanoma cell line A375, and cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector for sequencing. The HVEM gene was then cloned into pcDNA3 vector to generate pcDNA3-HVEM for transfection of mouse melanoma cell line B16-F10 cells. After that, the putative transfected cells were selected in full growth medium containing G418. The HVEM-expressing cells were isolated by immunomagnetic bead separation. The mouse melanoma cell line expressing oHSV receptor-HVEM, designated as B16RHSV, was generated. The permissibility of B16RHSV cells to oHSV infection was examined with green fluorescence protein (GFP)-expressing oHSV (oHSVGFP). To investigate the tumorigenic ability of both cells in vivo, 2×10(5) cells in 100 µl were subcutaneously inoculated into the right flanks of C57/BL mice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In vitro, the B16RHSV mouse melanoma cells were shown by fluorescence microscopy capable of being infected by oHSVGFP. In vivo, the B16RHSV cells, like their wild type counterpart, grew to form melanoma in syngeneic mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A herpes simplex virus-permissive mouse melanoma cell line was established. Its tumorigenicity remained unchanged.</p>

Numerical simulation study on effects of ambient temperature on airflow in the nasal cavity / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the aerodynamics of the normal human nasal cavity under different ambient temperatures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on CT scanning, a model of a healthy adult's nasal cavity was established using computational fluid dynamics software from Fluent. Airflow in this model was simulated and calculated at ambient temperatures of 0 °C, 24 °C, and 37 °C during periodic breathing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ambient temperature only had an impact on the temperature in the nasal cavity during the inspiratory phase, and the temperature distribution was not symmetrical in the inspiratory acceleration and deceleration phases. The ambient temperature significantly affected airflow speed in main nasal passages during the inspiratory process, but had little impact on flow status (proportion and streamline of airflow in different nasal passages). Temperature differences increased the irregular air movement within sinuses. The anterior nasal segment, including the area between the valve and the head of the middle turbinate, was the most effective part of the nasal airway in heating the ambient air.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our findings describe the effects of ambient temperature on airflow parameters in the nasal cavity within a single respiratory cycle. This data is more comprehensively and accurately to determine the relationship between nasal cavity aerodynamics and physiological functions.</p>

DJ-1 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with tumor recurrence and metastasis / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the expression of DJ-1 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and to study the relationship between DJ-1 expression and clinical indexes of LSCC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of DJ-1 protein in 71 LSCC samples and 9 cases control samples from laryngeal mucosa tissues of non-LSCC patients were detected using streptavidin peroxidase immunohistochemistry staining and the relationships between DJ-1 protein expression and clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The positive expression rate of DJ-1 protein in LSCC was 85.9%(61/71), which was significantly higher than the rate (55.5%, 5/9) in control laryngeal mucosa tissues (P < 0.05). (2) DJ-1 expression was related to tumor recurrence (P < 0.05), but not to sex, age, primary cancer position, T stage, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and tumor differentiation. Tumor recurrence rate (53.3%) in the patients with higher expression of DJ-1 protein was higher than the rate (26.8%) in the patients with lower expression of DJ-1 protein (χ(2) = 5.164, P < 0.05). (3) With Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis, the cumulative 5-year survival rates were correlated with DJ-1 expression levels in laryngeal cancer tissues or cervical lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05), but not to sex, age, primary cancer position, T stage, clinical stage and tumor differentiation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of DJ-1 protein in LSCC is higher than that in control laryngeal mucous tissues. Overexpression of DJ-1 is associated with poor overall survival in LSCC patients.</p>

Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 channel protein in human head and neck carcinoma cells and role in cell proliferation / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the presence of ion channel protein and its role in cell growth and proliferation in human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells (SCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human head and neck squamous carcinoma SCC-25 cell line was tested with transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) antibody using the method of immunocytochemistry. The role of TRPM7 in cell growth and proliferation was evaluated through its blockade by ion channel blockers and specific siRNA using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clear immunoreactivity against TRPM7 was detected in almost all SCC-25 cells tested, whereas no immunoreactivity was observed in negative control. The inhibitory effect of Gd3+, a non-specific ion channel blocker, on cell growth and proliferation was potent. Addition of 10 micromol/L Gd3+ (n = 16) and 100 micromol/L Gd3+ (n = 16) in the culture medium significantly inhibited the growth of SCC-25 cells, as compared with control cells growing in normal medium (t was 4.1414 and 6.2661, P was 0.0256 and 0.0082 respectively). However, the effect of 2-APB was striking. Cell proliferation was almost totally suppressed in the presence of 100 micromol/L 2-APB (t = 13.4493, P = 0.0008, n = 16) compared with cells growing in normal medium. Suppression of TRPM7 expression by siRNA also significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of these cells (t = 4.3446, P = 0.0002, n = 32, compared with nontransfected cells),whereas cells transfected with negative control siRNA showed no difference in cell proliferation compared with nontransfected cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>All of those results strongly suggest the existence of TRPM7 channel in human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells. Ion channel blockers serve as a potent inhibitor of SCC-25 cell proliferation. The striking inhibitory effect of 2-APB on cell growth and proliferation may promise clinical workers an inspiring remedy for fighting against carcinoma.</p>

Effect of chemotherapy with cisplatin and rapamycin against Hep-2 cells in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of combined use of rapamycin and cisplatin in the chemotherapy of Hep-2 cells in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The inhibitory effects of rapamycin and cisplatin, used alone or in combination, on the proliferation of Hep-2 cells were measured with MTT assay and median-effect plot analysis. The cell cycle changes after the treatment were analyzed using flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 immunofluorescence staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The IC50 of rapamycin and cisplatin for inducing growth arrest of Hep-2 cells was 11.03 nmol/L and 8.81 micromol/L, respectively. Rapamycin alone caused cell cycle arrest of the Hep-2 cells in G1 phase. Rapamycin and cisplatin showed synergistic effects in the chemotherapy of Hep-2 cells (q > 1.15, King's Formula), causing significantly increased apoptosis ratio and growth inhibition rate of Hep-2 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined use of rapamycin and cisplatin significantly improves the chemotherapeutic effect against Hep-2 cells.</p>

Effect of RNA interference mediated gene silencing of DJ-1 on proliferation of laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2 / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene silencing of DJ-1 on the proliferation of human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three siRNA sequences specific to DJ-1 gene were synthesized according to GenBank. Human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2 was cultured and divided into 4 groups: non-specific group (siRNA control) and 3 RNAi groups, transfected with specific DJ-1 siRNA (siRNA1, siRNA2, siRNA3). The mRNA and protein levels of DJ-1 were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western Blot respectively. Cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The proliferation of Hep-2 cells was assessed by MTT assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DJ-1 siRNA down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of DJ-1 in Hep-2 cells. After transfection, the expression of DJ-1 mRNA and protein levels in Hep-2 cells of the DJ-1 siRNA1 group were significantly lower than those of non-specific siRNA control group. MTT assay showed that DJ-1 siRNA1 group inhibited proliferation of Hep-2 cells. Flow cytometry showed that apoptosis rate of the DJ-1 siRNA1 group (15.7%) was significantly higher than that of non-specific siRNA control group (4.5%) or untransfected group (3.5%), t = 4.736, P < 0.01.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Specific siRNA targeting DJ-1 can effectively inhibit DJ-1 expression, resulting in the reduced proliferation and the enhanced apoptosis in Hep-2 cells.</p>

Postoperative diabetes insipidus after transsphenoidal resection of pituitary tumor / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the prevention and treatment of postoperative diabetes insipidus after removal of pituitary tumor through transsphenoidal operation, to decrease the incidence of postoperative complications and improve the treatment of pituitary tumor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 86 cases of transsphenoidal resection of pituitary tumor in recent 8 years were retrospectively reviewed, including 35 endoscopic operation and 51 microscopic operation. The incidence, prevention and treatment of diabetes insipidus were statistically analysed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 18 cases of postoperative diabetes insipidus in total of 86 operations, including 15 acute cases, 3 delayed cases. Twelve were temporary , which recovered within 1 week. After prompt treatment, 14 recovered within 1 week, 4 recovered within 2 weeks. No persistent diabetes insipidus was found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The key points to prevent postoperative diabetes insipidus lay in the improvement of operative skills, careful protection during operation and avoidance of unnecessary injury. In case of diabetes insipidus occurred, rational use of antidiuretics and correction of electrolyte balance were effective in the treatment of postoperative diabetes insipidus.</p>

Analysis of the risk factors causing tracheal stenosis after tracheotomy for mechanical ventilation in 560 patients / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the risk factors causing tracheal stenosis after tracheotomy for mechanical ventilation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was carried out to review the clinical data of 560 patients who had been tracheotomy for mechanical ventilation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 1990 to 2006. The clinical relevant factors causing tracheal stenosis included age, sex, preoperative intubation, preoperative intubation time, postoperative mechanical ventilation duration, airway infection, multiple changes of intubation tube, cricothyroidotomy, previous tracheotomy, gastroesophageal reflux, diabetes, etc. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression model was used for the analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifty-four cases (9.6%) presented tracheal stenosis in 560 patients after tracheotomy. With multivariate analysis, it was confirmed that the following variable correlated to tracheal stenosis. i.e, preoperative intubation time (chi2 = 4.323, P = 0.038), postoperative mechanical ventilation duration (chi2 = 14.062, P = 0.000), airway infection (chi2 = 8.604, P = 0.004), diabetes (chi2 = 5.237, P = 0.014). The effect degree of these risk factors was as below, postoperative mechanical ventilation duration (OR = 10.818), airway infection (OR = 6.349), diabetes (OR = 3.019), intubation time preoperative (OR = 2.156).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Among patients who received tracheotomy for mechanical ventilation, the clinical relevant factors causing tracheal stenosis were various. Statistical analysis showed that preoperative intubation time, postoperative mechanical ventilation duration, diabetes, airway infection were main risky factors which may cause tracheal stenosis.</p>

Analysis of relevant factors causing laryngeal stenosis after partial laryngectomy / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical relevant factors causing laryngeal stenosis after partial laryngectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was carried out to review the history clinical data from 138 patients of partial laryngectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University between January 1994 to October 2004. The clinical relevant factors causing laryngeal stenosis were included as follows: age, sex, TNM stage, tumor site, extension of thyroid cartilage defect, extension of larynx parenchyma defect, reconstruction method, laryngeal dilator, duration of using antibiotics, postoperative radiotherapy, lung infection, gastroesophageal reflux, diabetes. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression model was used for the analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 138 cases after partial laryngectomy, stenosis developed in 25 cases. The occurrence rate was 18.1%. In multivariate analysis, it was confirmed that the following factors correlated to laryngeal stenosis, i. e, extension of thyroid cartilage defect (chi2 = 4.323, P = 0.038), postoperative radiotherapy (chi2 = 6.002, P = 0.014), lung infection (chi2 = 4.220, P = 0.040), and gastroesophageal reflux (chi2 = 5.614, P = 0.018).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The clinical relevant factors causing laryngeal stenosis after partial laryngectomy were multiple. Statistical analysis showed that extension of thyroid cartilage defect, postoperative radiotherapy, lung infection and gastroesophageal reflux were the risk factors which may cause laryngeal stenosis.</p>

Ultrasonic liposuction and minimal areolar incision for gynecomastia / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To investigate the effect of Ultrasonic liposuction and minimal areolar incision for gynecomastia.Methods:Employ Ultrasonic liposuction to suck out the fat and part of the gland in the operational zone first.Then resect the hypertrophic mammary tissues through a minimal incision around areola of breast.Result:49 patients treated by the methode and 6 months to 3 years follow-up showed good results.Conclusion:It was a smple,convenient safe and effective method of breast reduction for fatty glandular type gynecomastia.