ABSTRACT
In the past, coronavirus caused two serious human-to-human pandemics in the world, including severe acute respiratory syndrome （SARS） and Middle East respiratory syndrome （MERS）. In late 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） caused another major global public health event. Due to the strong infectivity of novel coronavirus, it is difficult to carry out the autopsy of related death cases widely. This paper reviews the previous status of the pathogen detection related to the autopsy of coronavirus infection diseases, and introduces the ongoing detection methods of novel coronavirus in clinical practice, in order to provide reference for the pathogen detection and study related to autopsy of COVID-19.
Subject(s)
Humans , Autopsy , COVID-19 , Communicable Diseases , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Since the beginning of this century, three types of coronavirus have widely transmitted and caused severe diseases and deaths, which strongly indicates that severe infectious diseases caused by coronavirus infection are not accidental events. Coronavirus-infected diseases are mainly manifested by respiratory symptoms, with multiple organ dysfunctions. Precisely investigating the pathological process, characteristics and pathogenesis of coronavirus-infected diseases will be beneficial for us to understand clinical manifestations and provide targeted suggestions on prophylaxis and treatment. This paper briefly reviews the pathological findings of three known coronavirus-infected diseases, and attempts to construct the pathological spectrum of coronavirus-infected diseases, aiming to provide reference and thinking for autopsy, histopathological examination and animal infection model study of coronavirus-infected diseases.
Subject(s)
Animals , Autopsy , COVID-19 , Forensic Pathology , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Autopsy is of great significance to the elucidation of the pathological changes, pathogeneses and causes of death of corona virus disease 2019 （COVID-19） and can provide theoretical basis for more scientific and accurate prevention and control of the outbreak. Based on related laws and regulations, such as the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, the clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19, and the related guidelines on the prevention and control of the outbreak, combined with the practical work of forensic pathology examination, the Guide to the Forensic Pathology Practice on Death Cases Related to Corona Virus Disease 2019 （COVID-19） （Trial Draft） has been developed. This guide includes information on the background investigation of the cases, autopsy room requirements, personal prevention and protections, external examinations, autopsy, auxiliary examinations, and so on. This guide can be used as a reference by forensic and pathological examination institutions, as well as examination staff.
Subject(s)
Humans , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , China , Coronavirus Infections , Forensic Pathology , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral , Practice Guidelines as Topic , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the distribution and proportion of neuropeptide containing nervers in the sinus node in cases of sudden manhood death syndrome (SMDS) and to explore the mechanism of SMDS.@*METHODS@#Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative analysis of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) in the sinus node in 6 cases of SMDS and in 12 cases of non-cardiac death(control group) were achieved by LSAB method and computerized image system.@*RESULTS@#As for NPY positive materials, VIP positive materials and the ratio of VIP/NPY in the sinus nodes, there were no significant difference between the control group and SMDS group.@*CONCLUSION@#The mechanism of SMDS and the abnormality of autonomic nervous innervation in the sinoatrial nodes maybe incorrelation.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Autonomic Nervous System/physiology , Death, Sudden/pathology , Immunohistochemistry , Myocardium/metabolism , Neuropeptide Y/metabolism , Sinoatrial Node/innervation , Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/metabolismABSTRACT
In order to explore the specificity of complement C5 in the postmortem diagnosis of myocardial infarction, changes of C5 staining in normal, infarcted and other non-infarcted myocardia with direct or indirect myocardial injuries (myocarditis, mechanical asphyxia, electrocution, hemorrhagic shock, cardiac contusion and organophosphate poisoning) were studied with immunohistochemistry and image analysis. The results showed that positive C5 staining could be observed in groups of myocardial infarction and myocarditis, but not in groups of mechanical asphyxia, electrocution, hemorrhagic shock, cardiac contusion, and organophosphate poisoning. It is indicated that positive reaction of C5 could only be affected by myocarditis, which means that it was more specific for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Complement C5/analysis , Forensic Medicine , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Myocardium/chemistry , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
To study the diagnostic method of slight viral myocarditis in the field of forensic pathology, slight viral myocarditis model was induced in Balb/c murine by coxsackie virus B3. Organs of hearts, livers, spleens, lungs and kidneys were examined through routine pathological methods. Pathological changes at different levels of these organs were observed. The results indicated that viral myocarditis was a kind of disease with multiple organ alterations and that the pathological observation and comprehensive analysis of multiple organs was one of the useful methods for diagnosing slight viral myocarditis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Coxsackievirus Infections/pathology , Forensic Medicine , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Myocarditis/virologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To detect the Coxsackie virus B3(CVB3) gene in myocardium and spleen tissues in viral myocarditis(VMC) with sudden death and to explore the diagnostic method for VMC by means of seeking pathogene.@*METHODS@#By in situ RT-PCR, the detection of CVB3 gene in myocardium and spleen sections were performed in sudden death group caused by VMC and non-cardiac death group.@*RESULTS@#In VMC group, CVB3 gene-positive signals were seen in myocardium sections(3 out of total 8 cases, No. 1, 4, 7 cases) and spleen sections(4 out of total 8 cases, No. 2, 4, 6, 7 cases). In non-cardiac death group, no positive signals were detected in both myocardium and spleen tissues.@*CONCLUSION@#Positive detection of CVB3 gene in both myocardium and spleen maybe an important character of VMC and can improve the detecting pathogene in diagnosing VMC.