Potential of electron transfer and its application in dictating routes of biochemical processes associated with metabolic reprogramming / 医学前沿

Metabolic reprogramming, such as abnormal utilization of glucose, addiction to glutamine, and increased de-novo lipid synthesis, extensively occurs in proliferating cancer cells, but the underneath rationale has remained to be elucidated. Based on the concept of the degree of reduction of a compound, we have recently proposed a calculation termed as potential of electron transfer (PET), which is used to characterize the degree of electron redistribution coupled with metabolic transformations. When this calculation is combined with the assumed model of electron balance in a cellular context, the enforced selective reprogramming could be predicted by examining the net changes of the PET values associated with the biochemical pathways in anaerobic metabolism. Some interesting properties of PET in cancer cells were also discussed, and the model was extended to uncover the chemical nature underlying aerobic glycolysis that essentially results from energy requirement and electron balance. Enabling electron transfer could drive metabolic reprogramming in cancer metabolism. Therefore, the concept and model established on electron transfer could guide the treatment strategies of tumors and future studies on cellular metabolism.

Qualitative research of high intensity interval training experience in type 2 diabetes / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To understand the understanding and experience of high intensity interval training (HIIT/HIT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), analyze the influencing factors of patients′ participation in the treatment prescription, and provide references for the formulation of the exercise plan and the implementation of targeted nursing.Methods:Totally 11 cases of T2DM HIIT patients admitted to the department of endocrinology, a third-class first-class hospital in Qingdao from March to November 2019 were interviewed in a semi-structured way, and the data were analyzed and extracted using the phenomenological research method.Results:A total of three themes and 10 subjective themes were extracted. Subjective experience: positive emotional experience, the recognition HIIT is inconsistent, duration and high intensity load cycles affect sports enthusiasm, the discomfort of original changes in lifestyle); promoting factor: movement time, stable blood sugar control, simple is not restricted by the natural environment and economy; hindering factors: social role pressure, insufficient strengthened intervention of stimulus, worrying about an accident.Conclusion:There are promoting factors and obstacles in the process of high intensity intermittent motion in patients with type 2 diabetes, but its strong knowledge for sports consciousness and the hope of diversification, medical personnel can timely give intervention and correct guidance to help patients correct implementation plan, improve the exercise adherence, better control of blood sugar, prevent and delay the development of complications.

Qualitative research on Liaison nurses working experience after training of diabetes complications experience program / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effects of the clinical nursing experience when diabetes liaison nurses were trained by the experience of Diabetic complications method. Methods An in-depth interview was conducted on 15 liaison nurses who were undergoing Diabetic complications experience. Data were analyzed by Colaizzi analysis procedure. Results Totally five themes were refined,namely:updating knowledge, enhancing Mental toughness、Nursing soft skills、Empathy ability and make nursing and patient relationship more harmonious, and have a positive career attitude. Conclusion The experience training of complications can reduce the psychological pressure of diabetes nurses, improve the soft skills, mental toughness and the ability of transposition thinking, and explore a new way for the training of nurses. Further optimize the training time, content and models, so as to better improve the quality of nursing service and improve the comprehensive ability of nurses.

Qualitative research on Liaison nurses working experience after training of diabetes complications experience program / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To explore the effects of the clinical nursing experience when diabetes liaison nurses were trained by the experience of Diabetic complications method.@*Methods@#An in- depth interview was conducted on 15 liaison nurses who were undergoing Diabetic complications experience. Data were analyzed by Colaizzi analysis procedure.@*Results@#Totally five themes were refined, namely: updating knowledge, enhancing Mental toughness、Nursing soft skills、Empathy ability and make nursing and patient relationship more harmonious, and have a positive career attitude.@*Conclusion@#The experience training of complications can reduce the psychological pressure of diabetes nurses, improve the soft skills, mental toughness and the ability of transposition thinking, and explore a new way for the training of nurses. Further optimize the training time, content and models, so as to better improve the quality of nursing service and improve the comprehensive ability of nurses.

Application of improved anvil placement in laparoscopic resection of low rectal cancer with resection of anal eversion / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility and application value of improved anvil placement in laparoscopic resection of low rectal cancer with resection of anal eversion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was performed on 17 patients who were operated by improved extracorporeal anvil placement in laparoscopic resection of low rectal cancer with resection of anal eversion at Huaihe Hospital of Henan University during June 2015 and June 2017.</p><p><b>INCLUSION CRITERIA</b>(1) distance from tumor low margin to anal edge was 4 to 6 cm; (2) protrusive type tumor with a circumferential diameter of less than 3 cm; (3) ulcer type tumor with circumferential bowel infiltration of less than 1/2; (4) no distant metastasis(M0) and preoperative MRI of pelvic floor indicating T1-3N0. Patients with BMI>35 kg/m, or insufficient length of sigmoid and mesentery, or thickening sigmoid and mesentery were excluded. According to total mesorectal excision(TME) principle, rectum and its mesentery was resected completely; the sigmoid colon was cut off at the superior margin of tumor; the oval forceps was placed through anus to clamp and evert the rectum out of the anus; the rectum was transected at 1-2 cm from the lower edge of the tumor; the distal sigmoid colon was pulled out through anus; purse string suture was made after insertion of anvil and was restored to the abdominal cavity; end-to-end anastomosis of the rectum and sigmoid colon was performed after closing rectal stump.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 17 low rectal cancer patients, 10 were male and 7 were female with age of 42 to 71 (median 58) years old and BMI of 20.6 to 33.5(median 26) kg/m. Preoperative staging indicated 2 cases of stage I, 15 cases of stage II. Distance from tumor low margin to anal edge was 4 to 6(median 5.0) cm and diameter of tumor was 3.4 to 4.8 (median 4.2) cm. All the patients completed operations successfully without conversion to laparotomy. The operation time was 124 to 182 (median 136) minutes. Distal sigmoid colon was difficult to pull out in 1 patient due to the insufficient free of the mesosigmoid, which was then successful after the mesosigmoid was dissociated with laparoscopy thoroughly again. The intraoperative blood loss was 10 to 50 (median 20) ml. Postoperative pathology reveled 2 cases of stage I, 12 cases of stageII and 3 cases of stage III; 1 case of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 15 cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and 1 case of highly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The postoperative exhaust time was 24 to 128 (median 36) hours and hospital stay was 5 to 15 (median 8) days. No anastomotic leakage and intra-abdominal infection was found. Fifteen patients were followed up for 5 to 24 months without local recurrence or distant metastasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The improved anvil placement in laparoscopic resection of low rectal cancer with resection of anal eversion without abdominal incision is safe and feasible.</p>

Significance of bacteria detection with filter paper method on diagnosis of diabetic foot wound infection / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the significance of bacteria detection with filter paper method on diagnosis of diabetic foot wound infection.@*Methods@#Eighteen patients with diabetic foot ulcer conforming to the study criteria were hospitalized in Liyuan Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from July 2014 to July 2015. Diabetic foot ulcer wounds were classified according to the University of Texas diabetic foot classification (hereinafter referred to as Texas grade) system, and general condition of patients with wounds in different Texas grade was compared. Exudate and tissue of wounds were obtained, and filter paper method and biopsy method were adopted to detect the bacteria of wounds of patients respectively. Filter paper method was regarded as the evaluation method, and biopsy method was regarded as the control method. The relevance, difference, and consistency of the detection results of two methods were tested. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of filter paper method in bacteria detection were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn based on the specificity and sensitivity of filter paper method in bacteria detection of 18 patients to predict the detection effect of the method. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and Fisher's exact test. In patients tested positive for bacteria by biopsy method, the correlation between bacteria number detected by biopsy method and that by filter paper method was analyzed with Pearson correlation analysis.@*Results@#(1) There were no statistically significant differences among patients with wounds in Texas grade 1, 2, and 3 in age, duration of diabetes, duration of wound, wound area, ankle brachial index, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, blood platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, aspartate aminotransferase, serum creatinine, and urea nitrogen (with F values from 0.029 to 2.916, P values above 0.05), while there were statistically significant differences among patients with wounds in Texas grade 1, 2, and 3 in white blood cell count and alanine aminotransferase (with F values 4.688 and 6.833 respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01). (2) According to the results of biopsy method, 6 patients were tested negative for bacteria, and 12 patients were tested positive for bacteria, among which 10 patients were with bacterial number above 1×105/g, and 2 patients with bacterial number below 1×105/g. According to the results of filter paper method, 8 patients were tested negative for bacteria, and 10 patients were tested positive for bacteria, among which 7 patients were with bacterial number above 1×105/g, and 3 patients with bacterial number below 1×105/g. There were 7 patients tested positive for bacteria both by biopsy method and filter paper method, 8 patients tested negative for bacteria both by biopsy method and filter paper method, and 3 patients tested positive for bacteria by biopsy method but negative by filter paper method. Patients tested negative for bacteria by biopsy method did not tested positive for bacteria by filter paper method. There was directional association between the detection results of two methods (P=0.004), i. e. if result of biopsy method was positive, result of filter paper method could also be positive. There was no obvious difference in the detection results of two methods (P=0.250). The consistency between the detection results of two methods was ordinary (Kappa=0.68, P=0.002). (3) The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of filter paper method in bacteria detection were 70%, 100%, 1.00, 0.73, and 83.3%, respectively. Total area under ROC curve of bacteria detection by filter paper method in 18 patients was 0.919 (with 95% confidence interval 0-1.000, P=0.030). (4) There were 13 strains of bacteria detected by biopsy method, with 5 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, 5 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 1 strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 strain of Streptococcus bovis, and 1 strain of bird Enterococcus. There were 11 strains of bacteria detected by filter paper method, with 5 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 1 strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 strain of Streptococcus bovis, and 1 strain of bird Enterococcus. Except for Staphylococcus aureus, the sensitivity and specificity of filter paper method in the detection of the other 4 bacteria were all 100%. The consistency between filter paper method and biopsy method in detecting Acinetobacter baumannii was good (Kappa=1.00, P<0.01), while that in detecting Staphylococcus aureus was ordinary (Kappa=0.68, P<0.05). (5) There was no obvious correlation between the bacteria number of wounds detected by filter paper method and that by biopsy method (r=0.257, P=0.419). There was obvious correlation between the bacteria numbers detected by two methods in wounds with Texas grade 1 and 2 (with r values as 0.999, P values as 0.001). There was no obvious correlation between the bacteria numbers detected by two methods in wounds with Texas grade 3 (r=-0.053, P=0.947).@*Conclusions@#The detection result of filter paper method is in accordance with that of biopsy method in the determination of bacterial infection, and it is of great importance in the diagnosis of local infection of diabetic foot wound.

Situational health education and blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of situational health education in glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods A total of 98 patients with type 2 diabetes was randomly assigned to the control(n=49)and the study group(n=49).The control group received conventional diabetes education,while the study group received situational health education.Fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour plasma glucose (2 hPG),HbAlc and the self-care behaviors were observed at baseline and 1-year after the intervention.Paired t test was used for data analysis.Results FPG,2hPG,HbA1c and self-care behavior scores were not significantly different between the two group at baseline.After 1-year intervention,FPG,2hPG and HbA1c of the two groups were significantly decreased,and FPG,2hPG and HbA1c of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group(t values were 2.71,3.35 and 2.90,respectively; all P＜ 0.05).In comparison with the control group,self-care scores of the study group were increased(t values were 7.36,6.51,5.24,5.07,6.57 and 6.77,respectively; all P＜0.05).Conclusion Situational health education could improve self-management and glycemic control of type 2 diabetic patients.

Study on the method for relieving fingertip pain in monitoring fingertip blood glucose / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To explore the method to relieve fingertip pain in monitoring fingertip blood glucose.Methods A total of 130 newly admitted patients with type 2 diabetes received glucose monitoring 6 times daily at different time points.Blood sampling was taken from different sites including the central and top of middle finger pulp,central and side of ring finger pulp,top of middle finger with pressing the acupoint of Hegu at the same time or pressing acupoint of Hegu for 1 minute before blood taking.Pain degree was assessed by numeric rating scale after blood glucose taking.Pain scores were compared among the different methods.Results There were significant differences in pain scores between different methods (x2 =164.83,P＜0.05).Pain score was higher in sampling blood on the side of ring finger pulp,while the proportion of subjects with mild pain after pressing Hegu was increased significantly.There were significant differences in pain scores between subjects with versus without pressing Hegu (all P＜0.05).Pain degree was reduced more significantly by pressing Hegu for 1 minute before blood taking than pressing Hegu at the same time of sampling blood,and the former had a higher proportion of subjects with only mild pain than the latter (x2 =10.44,P＜0.01).There were no significant differences in pain scores between the other methods (all P＞ 0.05).Conclusions Pressing Hegu can effectively reduce fingertip pain in fingertip blood glucose monitoring,and pressing Hegu for 1 minute before blood taking is more effective.

Metastasis correlation factors expression and NF-?B activation in colorectal carcinoma / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the relationship between NF-?B activation and the expression of metastasis correlation factors.Methods The expression of NF-?B,COX-2,ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and MMP9 in colorectal cancer and normal tissues was detected using Western blotting.Results(1)The expression level of NF-?B was higher in cancer tissues than that in normal tissues(P