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Objective:To analyze the utilization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) services and its influencing factors among home-based elderly care population in Zhejiang Province.Methods:A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to enroll 2 300 home-based elderly care population aged 65 years and over and lived in the local area for 6 months and above in Zhejiang Province. The basic characteristics, health status and behavior, TCM cultural literacy, TCM cognitive beliefs and TCM service usage of the subjects were collected by face-to-face questionnaires from July 15 to August 15, 2021, and 2 123 valid questionnaires were recovered. Unconditional logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of TCM service usage among home-based elderly care population.Results:The overall utilization rate of TCM services among home-based elderly care population in Zhejiang Province was 36.46% (774/2 123). The utilization rates of the 6 types of TCM from high to low was oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine (22.00%), external treatment with traditional Chinese medicine (15.12%), acupuncture treatment (11.96%), medicated diet conditioning (7.44%), constitution identification (7.40%) and exercise conditioning (4.57%). Home-based elderly care population lived in urban areas, had never been to school, with education of primary school or high school and above, suffered from chronic diseases, moderate activities or physical exercise, believed in TCM and had attended lectures on TCM knowledge were more inclined to use TCM services (all P<0.05); agricultural laborers, production and transportation workers and family laborers before retirement were less inclined to use TCM services (all P<0.05); women, those with medical insurance, those drinking alcohol and those with better TCM cultural literacy were more inclined to use 2 and more kinds of TCM services (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The utilization rate of TCM services among home-based elderly care population in Zhejiang Province is relatively high; gender, place of residence, education level, occupation before retirement, medical insurance, belief in TCM, and participation in TCM knowledge lectures are the main influencing factors of the use of TCM services among home-based elderly care population.
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Bronchial asthma is one of the most common childhood chronic respiratory diseases characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and reversible airflow limitation.Air pollution, especially PM2.5(fine particle size ≤2.5 microns)has a significant effect on asthma, through oxidative stress, immune inflammatory injury, airway hyperresponsiveness and other mechanisms.This paper describes the source, composition, physical and chemical properties of PM2.5, the mechanism of PM2.5 induced asthma, and its effects on acute bronchial asthma attack, acute outpatient consultation rate, hospitalization rate, lung function and exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO).
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation between smoking status and carotid plaque in rural population residing in Eastern part of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between July and September of 2013, an epidemiological survey was carried out in residents aged 40 or above men who were enrolled randomly in rural areas of Anqing, Anhui province and Lianyungang, Jiangsu province. The data on epidemiological characteristics including smoking status, physical examination were collected using standardized protocol, and carotid ultrasonography was applied to examine the incidence of carotid plaque among never smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Logistic regress analysis was performed to determine the effect of smoking on carotid plaque.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the study, a total of 625 male participants were included in the study. 51.4% (321 cases) were current smokers, 21.3% (133 cases) were former smokers, and 27.4% (171 cases) were never smokers. 32.0% (200/625) had carotid plaque. The incidence of carotid plaques was significantly higher in current smokers (35.2%, 113/321) than that in never smokers(23.4%,40/171) (χ(2) = 7.26, P = 0.007) and the incidence in former smokers (35.3%, 47/133) was also higher than that in never smokers (23.4%, 40/171) (χ(2) = 5.23, P = 0.022). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that current cigarette smoking is significantly associated with the increased risk of carotid plaque (OR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.13-2.98, P = 0.014) in comparison with never smokers, and there was an interaction between current smoking and age in association with carotid plaque. Compared with the young (≤60 years old) and never smoking group (8%, 3/40), prevalence of carotid plaque among the elderly (>70 years old) and smoking group (55%, 31/56) was significantly higher (OR = 8.06, 95% CI: 2.07-31.45) after adjusting for age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride high-density lipoprotein, body mass index, drinking and regional differences.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It found that cigarette smoking was associated with increased risk of carotid plaque in rural elderly population residing in Eastern part of China.</p>
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Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alcohol Drinking , Blood Glucose , Blood Pressure , Body Mass Index , Carotid Stenosis , China , Cholesterol , Lipoproteins, HDL , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Rural Population , Smoking , TriglyceridesABSTRACT
Objective] The study analyzes the current situation of public’s satisfaction and expectation on the grass-roots’work of TCM in our province to make advice on improvement. [Method] From the perspective of service objects, combining with satisfaction theory and using the method of random surveys, the article does the researches on the publics’satisfactions and expectations on 24 projects related to the grass-roots levels of TCM and puts forward corresponding countermeasure against those problems. [Consequence] The degree of satisfaction ranges from 65 to 72, average is 68.685; the highest degree of satisfaction is the therapeutic effects of TCM, but the lowest one is medical costs. The degree of expectation ranges from 79~86, average is 83.931, the highest degree of satisfaction is diagnostic reference level of medical staff from the grass-roots ’work of TCM, the lowest one is characteristic service projects of TCM. [Conclusion] The study analyzes and evaluates the grass-roots ’work of TCM by the related theory of satisfaction, having significant meaning on improving the management services’level of the grass-roots’work and the performance evaluation of government.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between polymorphism of inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) gene and the susceptibility of intestinal type stomach cancer and stomach cardia cancer in Chinese people.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A community-based case-control study was designed. Ninety-three intestinal type of stomach cancer and 50 stomach cardia cancer patients with endoscopy and pathology diagnosis were identified as cases. Two hundred and forty-six controls served as controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>C-->T polymorphism was found in exon 16 of iNOS gene, which changed the coding amino acid from serine to leucine, and formed a recognition site identified by Tsp 509 I restriction enzyme (we called it C-->T polymorphism). The T allele gene frequency in the control group was 13.21%. No statistically significant difference was found between C-->T polymorphism alone and the increased susceptibility to intestinal stomach cancer or stomach cardia cancer. A significant type 2 multiplicative interaction was found in increasing both the risk of intestinal stomach cancer and stomach cardia cancer when both C-->T polymorphism and tobacco smoking exposure existed. An additive interaction model, which showed statistically significant difference, was found to increase only the risk of stomach cardia cancer when CagA antibody shared negative but C-->T polymorphism occurred.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>C-->T polymorphism of iNOS gene was considered as one of the possible susceptible genes, which specifically increased the risk of tobacco-related but CagA negative types of intestinal stomach cancer and stomach cardia cancer.</p>