ABSTRACT
Purpose: To compare the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with neonatal support provided during tele-ROP screening between government and private hospitals in rural Bijapur district of Karnataka. Methods: One government and four private hospitals under the ROP screening program between July 2011 and July 2012 were included. All infants born <2000 g at birth were imaged on a weekly basis. Centers were classified as “supportive” or “non-supportive” based on the support extended to the visiting team. Yield of enrollment and disease burden were compared between the centers. Results: Of the 145 infants analyzed, the mean incidence of any stage and treated ROP in the government center was 27.3% and 0% versus 36.6% and 9.7% in the private units, respectively. The proportion of infants enrolled in the government hospital was 40.7% versus 88.9% (mean) in the private hospitals. In the two “supportive” hospitals, the enrollment was 100% and 159.3% respectively, whereas it was 38.7% and 58.7% respectively in “non-supportive” units. Conclusions: The incidence of ROP in rural Bijapur is comparable to urban centers in India. Good pediatric and nursing support enhances infant enrollment into an ROP screening program. Private hospitals may have higher treatable ROP because of the sicker infants they admit. The report emphasizes the need to strengthen ROP screening programs in rural India.
ABSTRACT
Alcoholism is a serious health issue with major socioeconomic consequences. Significant morbidity is related to chronic alcohol use, and alcoholics seek advice only when complications of drinking set in. The diagnosis is often based on patients self-reporting of alcohol consumption, which is unreliable and requires high degree of clinical suspicion. However, if alcohol problems are recognized at an early stage, the physician may be able to prevent their further development and progression. The present study compares the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) with other traditional biochemical markers in alcohol abuse patients and healthy controls. It is a prospective study, and 40 cases and 30 controls were evaluated for biochemical parameters over a period of one year. The study revealed MCV to be possessing 87.5% sensitivity, 83.33% specificity, 87.5% of positive predictive value, 48.39% of negative predictive value and 54.29% of diagnostic accuracy, which makes it a reliable marker. The mean gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations in alcohol dependent subjects were higher as compared to controls. Though clinical histories and questionnaires are the commonest initial means of detection of alcohol abuse, laboratory markers such as MCV should be used for confirming the diagnosis of alcohol abuse. They are also helpful in follow-up of patients undergoing treatment, and monitoring of abstinence