ABSTRACT
Background: Iodine deficiency disorder is one of the preventable public health diseases in India. Prevalence of goiter is also still prevalence at sub-Himalayan region of West Bengal. Study was conducted to assess prevalence of goiter among school students between 6 and 12 years age, to find out urinary excretion of iodine and iodine content in salt sample and to recommend for consuming iodized salt.Methods: We conducted the study among the school students aged 6 to 12 years during the month of June 2018 in Purba Medinipur district, West Bengal, India. Multistage cluster sampling method was conducted for selecting the study population. Clinical examination was done by medical officer to detect goiters. Salt and urine samples were taken from the selected students and were sent to State Iodine Monitoring Laboratory, Kolkata for examination of iodine content in household salt samples and urine samples.Results: Total 2821 students were examined for survey. Over all prevalence of goiter was 3.75% (109/2821). Girls had more prevalence 4.63% than boys 3.18%. Average urinary iodine excretion (UIE) level is 184.74% in 30 clusters of 339 urine samples. Only 5.60% showed UIE level ≤100 microgram/liter. Total 541 household salt samples were tested for iodine and average iodine content was 22.85%. Among them 91.5% (495) had iodine ≥15 ppm indicating adequate iodine contents in salt samples.Conclusions:Purba Medinipur may be considered a non-endemic district. We recommended continuing use of iodized salt.
ABSTRACT
Background: The objective is to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MBS) and the effects of insulin sensitizers to improve the clinical and hormonal milieu for better reproductive outcome in PCOS women.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 PCOS women and 50 age matched control to determine the prevalence of the MBS in two tertiary hospitals over one year. Diagnosis of PCOS was based on at least two of ESHRE/ASRM criteria and diagnosis of MBS was based on at least three of NCEPATPIII criteria. Patients already diagnosed as PCOS were treated with insulin sensitizers myoionositol and metformin which were compared.Results: The study revealed that the prevalence of MBS was 40 % (20/50) nearly 4-fold higher than that of control groups. Among PCOS women, the most prevalent MBS factors were high BMI (52%) and low serum HDL-C (42%). The least prevalent factor was high fasting serum glucose level (16%). The resumption of spontaneous regular menstrual cycle and pregnancy rate in infertile groups of PCOS patients with myoionositol and metformin were 61% vs. 26% and 50% vs.91% respectively. The myoionositol group did not require any extra ovulating agents for pregnancy, while 7 out of 11 patients in metfromin group needed clomiphen citrate for ovulation induction to achieve pregnancy. With myoinositol there is significant reduction of weight, BMI, LH/FSH ratio and fasting insulin level; whereas metformin shows decrement of weight and BMI only.Conclusions: The prevalence of MBS in PCOS is nearly 4 times in present study and there is significant improvement of symptom profile, weight, BMI and change of hormonal pattern in myoinositol group.