ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of suledexide on renal injury and podocalyxin expression of podocytes in STZ diabetic desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-hypertensive rats. Methods Wistar rats were subjected to subcutaneous injection of streptozotocin(STZ), followed by uninephrectomy and subcutaneous administration of DOCA. Diabetic and hypertensive rats were randomly allocated to treatment with sulodexide or a combination of sulodexide and telmisartan for 8 weeks. Blood pressure (BP), 24-hour urinary albumin were measured every 2 weeks. Blood and urinary samples were collected to detect biochemical indexes of plasma and urinary β-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) at the end of the study. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to examine the expression and distribution of podocalyxin. Results STZ +DOCA-treated rats progressively developed hypertension, albuminuria and hyperglycemia. Hyperlipidemia and hypoinsulinemia were found in diabetic and hypertensive rats compared with controls. Albuminuia was significantly reduced in sulodexide group at week 8 and sulodexide plus telmisartan group at week 6 and week 8. Blood pressure decreased in sulodexide plus telmisartan group. No significant effects on lipid and glucose metabolism were observed in all treated groups. Histopathological index increased in STZ+DOCA-treated rats, but was significantly lower in sulodexide group as well as sulodexide plus telmisartan group. The number of podocytes on glomerular cross-section of the four groups were comparable. Segmental loss and down-regulation of podocalyxin were detected in STZ+DOCA-treated rats, which were greatly attenuated by sulodexinde, meanwhile, combination treatment preserved more podocalyxin expression in glomeruli than sulodexide monotherapy. Conclusion Sulodexide effectively reduces albuminuria, prevents loss of podocyte podocalyxin and alleviates renal damage in STZ diabetic DOCA-hypertensive rats.
ABSTRACT
Objectives To reveal the epidemiological trends of leprosy and the achievements of leprosy control in Fujian Province. Methods In the light of methods of Basic Statistics in Handbook of Leprosy Control written by Ma Hai De, each statistic index was analyzed. Results① The incidence and detection rate decreased from 0.782/10 000 and 1.231/10 000 in the period of 1955～ 1959 to 0.036/10 000 in the period of 1990～ 1994 and to 0.033/10 000 in the period of 1995～ 1998 respectively;② prevalence dropped from the highest of 0.65‰ in 1959 to 0.007‰ in 1998;③ with the elapse of time, the average age at onset showed a shift to advance age group, and incidence of leprosy in children decreased dramatically;④ the ratio of MB to PB was higher in early period and in late period than that in middle period, and the male ratio of MB to PB was always higher than female ratio;⑤ the average disease duration reduced, and the disability rate of new cases decreased. Conclusion Through the comprehensive measures against leprosy, the endemic of this disease in Fujian Province has been evidently under control.