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Objective:To evaluate the role of spinal cord mitochondrial autophagy in alleviation of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) by curcumin in mice.Methods:SPF healthy male C57BL/6 mice, aged 2 months, weighing 20-25 g, in which DNP model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) 130 mg/kg, were used in this study.A total of 36 mice with successfully established DNP model were divided into 3 groups ( n=12 each) using the random number table method: DNP group, DNP + curcumin group (DPR group), and DNP + curcumin + cyclosporine A group (DRC group). Another 12 C57BL/6 mice were selected and served as normal control group (NC group), and the equal volume of normal saline was intraperitoneally injected.In group DPR, curcumin 200 mg/kg was administered by intragastric gavage, once a day, for 7 consecutive days.In group DRC, the mitochondrial autophagy inhibitor cyclosporine A 10 mg/kg was intrathecally injected once a day for 7 consecutive days before each administration of curcumin.The equal volume of normal saline was administered by intragastric gavage at the same time point, once a day, for 7 consecutive days in group NC and group DNP.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured before intragastric gavage and at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after intragastric gavage.After the last behavioral testing, the L 4-6 spinal cord tissues were removed for determination of the mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS content (by JC-1 and DCFH-DA combined with flow cytometry), expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), Beclin1 and P62 (by Western blot), and mitochondrial autophagosomes (by transmission electron microscopy) and for microscopic examination of the co-expression of LC3-Ⅱwith mitochondrial translocase outer membrane protein 20 (TOM20) (using immunofluorescence double-labeling technique). Results:Compared with group NC, the MWT and mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly decreased, the ROS content and LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio were increased, the expression of Beclin1 was up-regulated, the expression of P62 was down-regulated ( P<0.05), the number of mitophagosomes developed was increased, and the co-expression of LC3-Ⅱwith TOM20 was increased in group DNP.Compared with group DNP, the MWT and mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly increased, the ROS content was decreased, and LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio was increased, the expression of Beclin1 was up-regulated, the expression of P62 was down-regulated ( P<0.05), the number of mitophagosomes developed was increased, and the co-expression of LC3-Ⅱwith TOM20 was increased in group DPR.Compared with group DPR, the MWT and mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly decreased, the ROS content was increased, LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio was decreased, the expression of Beclin1 was down-regulated, the expression of P62 was up-regulated ( P<0.05), the number of mitophagosomes developed was decreased, and the co-expression of LC3-Ⅱ with TOM20 was decreased in group DRC. Conclusions:The mechanism by which curcumin reduces DNP may be related to the up-regulation of mitochondrial autophagy in the spinal cord and improvement in mitochondrial function in mice.
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Six patients with POEMS syndrome who received autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT) were retrospectively analyzed.Conditioning regimen was high dose melphalan.Peripheral blood stem cells were collected after mobilization with cyclophosphamide (CTX) and growth factors.One patient presenting hydrothorax and ascites was treated with 3 cycles of lenalidomide and dexamethasone before mobilization.Auto-PBSCT was fairly tolerable.Hematopoietic reconstitution was successful in all patients without transplantation-related mortality.A decrease or normalization of serum vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) was observed in all patients at 3 months after transplantation.The neurological remission was seen in 5/6 patients.
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We report two rare cases of multiple myeloma (MM) with dural intracranial disease and TP53 deletion. The two patients presented with skull lytic lesion and dural involvement of myeloma. The association between intracranial involvement in MM and TP53 deletion has not been determined. The two patients received bortezomib-based intensive induction and got good response, just as that reported in literature. MM presenting with dural intracranial disease and TP53 deletion at diagnosis is associated with poor outcome. Multi-drug regime containing bortezomib followed by autologous or allogeneic stem cell transportation would improve the prognosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Bortezomib , Therapeutic Uses , Brain Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Pathology , Gene Deletion , Multiple Myeloma , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Pathology , Prognosis , Treatment Outcome , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective To determine the incidence and prevalence of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and to evaluate its epidemiological situation in Hunan province.Methods Seven monitoring points were randomly selected from the province,a total of 8 311 subjects aged≥50 years were then chosen by stratified sampling.The cases counted in prevalence was defined as patients diagnosed before 24:00 o'clock August 31st,2013,and the new diagnosis for incident counting was defined as those diagnosed between 00:00 September 1st,2012 and 24:00 August 31st,2013.Results Among all 8 311 screened subjects,the number of TIA patients was 24 (288.8 per 100 000 people),the incidence of TIA was 7 (85.2 per 100 000 people).Standardized prevalence and incidence were 283.2 and 82.4 per 100 000 respectively using 2010 China census population.Among them,the standardized incidence rate of female was higher than that of male (114.8 per 100 000 person-years vs.48.8 per 100 000 person-years),and the prevalence rate of males was higher than that of female (288.2 per 100 000 people vs.273.2 per 100 000 people).Hypertension is the most important risk factor for TIA (55.2％).Conclusion The incidence and prevalence of TIA in Hunan province are higher than the national average.Hypertension is the main risk factor.
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Objective To investigate the clinical features of primary gastric lymphoma(PGL)combined with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage,and to improve the diagnosis and treatment level.Methods The clinical manifestations and treatment of 2 PGL cases combined with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were analyzed retrospectively,and the related literature was reviewed.Results Two patients suffered from venosity,abdominal pain and weight loss,which were diagnosed by gastroscopy mucosa biopsy with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.Vascular embolization was used to stop bleeding and systemic chemotherapy was followed to achieve further curative effect.Conclusion Embolization treatment is safe and effective for PGL combined with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage without any influences on chemotherapy.
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Objective To investigate the clinical features of primary gastric lymphoma(PGL)combined with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage,and to improve the diagnosis and treatment level.Methods The clinical manifestations and treatment of 2 PGL cases combined with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were analyzed retrospectively,and the related literature was reviewed.Results Two patients suffered from venosity,abdominal pain and weight loss,which were diagnosed by gastroscopy mucosa biopsy with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.Vascular embolization was used to stop bleeding and systemic chemotherapy was followed to achieve further curative effect.Conclusion Embolization treatment is safe and effective for PGL combined with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage without any influences on chemotherapy.
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AIM:To detect the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and matrix metalloprotei-nase 9 (MMP9) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis of the patients.METHODS:The expression of bFGF and MMP9 was detected by the method of SP immunohistochemical staining in biopsy tissues of NPC patients.The relationship between the expression and the clinical significance was analyzed as well.RESULTS:In 289 cases of NPC patients, the positive rates of bFGF and MMP9 were 71.3% and 61.6%, respectively.Correlation analysis demonstrated that the expression rates of bFGF and MMP9 were both positively associated with N stage and clinical stage in NPC patients.The high expression rates of both bFGF and MMP9 were associated with poor overall survival and progression-free survival of NPC patients.Furthermore, the positive rate of bFGF was positively correlated with that of MMP9, and over-expression of both bFGF and MMP9 was correlated with the poorest survival outcomes in NPC patients.CONCLUSION:bFGF and MMP9 are over-expressed in NPC tissues and significantly associated with NPC recurrence and poor outcome.The combined interpretation of bFGF and MMP9 expression levels leads to refinement of the risks for the NPC patients and could be chosen as the prognostic biomarkers.
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Objective To understand the changes on patterns of sleep duration of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) cohort in 9 provinces from 2004 to 2011.Methods Four rounds of CHNS data were used.Urban/rural,age and gender specific insufficient sleeping rates and excessive sleeping rates were analyzed.Results In 2004,2006,2009 and 2011,a total of 274,281,329 and 304 children aged 3-5 years;874,806,768 and 742 children aged 6-12 years;789,529,426 and 367 children aged 13-17 years;9 568,9 530,9 942 and 9 609 adults aged ≥18 years were surveyed respectively.The lowest insufficient sleeping rate was 53.9％ (200/371) in 3-17 years old children in rural area in 2006,the highest insufficient sleeping rate was 77.2％ (44/57) in 3-5 years old children in urban area in 2004.The insufficient sleeping rate increased in rural 3-5 years old children from 2004 to 2011.For the adults aged ≥ 18 years,the insufficient sleeping rate ranged from 4.2％ (82/ 1 954) in females aged 18-44 years in 2004 and 2009 to 20.8％ (211/1 015) in urban residents aged ＞ 60 years in 2011.The insufficient sleeping rate in age-groups 44-59 years and ≥60 years increased in both males and females and in both urban area and rural area from 2004 to 2011.The gender specific excessive sleeping rate in 3-17 years old children was very low in both urban area and rural area and no difference was found in different rounds of survey.The excessive sleeping rate in adults ranged from 18.4％ (569/3 093) in urban population in 2011 to 32.5％ (1 617/4 969) in females in 2004.The excessive sleeping rate of adult decreased from 2004 to 2011.Conclusion We should pay attention to the fact that the insufficient sleeping rate in adolescents is high and in increase in rural 3-5 years old children and adults aged ≥45 years.
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Objective To understand the changes on patterns of sleep duration of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) cohort in 9 provinces from 2004 to 2011.Methods Four rounds of CHNS data were used.Urban/rural,age and gender specific insufficient sleeping rates and excessive sleeping rates were analyzed.Results In 2004,2006,2009 and 2011,a total of 274,281,329 and 304 children aged 3-5 years;874,806,768 and 742 children aged 6-12 years;789,529,426 and 367 children aged 13-17 years;9 568,9 530,9 942 and 9 609 adults aged ≥18 years were surveyed respectively.The lowest insufficient sleeping rate was 53.9％ (200/371) in 3-17 years old children in rural area in 2006,the highest insufficient sleeping rate was 77.2％ (44/57) in 3-5 years old children in urban area in 2004.The insufficient sleeping rate increased in rural 3-5 years old children from 2004 to 2011.For the adults aged ≥ 18 years,the insufficient sleeping rate ranged from 4.2％ (82/ 1 954) in females aged 18-44 years in 2004 and 2009 to 20.8％ (211/1 015) in urban residents aged ＞ 60 years in 2011.The insufficient sleeping rate in age-groups 44-59 years and ≥60 years increased in both males and females and in both urban area and rural area from 2004 to 2011.The gender specific excessive sleeping rate in 3-17 years old children was very low in both urban area and rural area and no difference was found in different rounds of survey.The excessive sleeping rate in adults ranged from 18.4％ (569/3 093) in urban population in 2011 to 32.5％ (1 617/4 969) in females in 2004.The excessive sleeping rate of adult decreased from 2004 to 2011.Conclusion We should pay attention to the fact that the insufficient sleeping rate in adolescents is high and in increase in rural 3-5 years old children and adults aged ≥45 years.
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Objective To analyze the clinical features and diagnosis-treatment of pancreatic lymphoma presenting as acute pancreatitis.Methods The clinical records of 7 patients including laboratory findings were retrospectively reviewed.Some related medical literatures were reviewed.Results Seven patients presented acute abdominal pain.Laboratory findings revealed significant increase of serum amylase and lipase levels.CT scan of the abdomen or PET-CT showed a diffuse swelling of the pancreas or masses in the body or tail.Extrapancreatic spread such as bone,bone marrow,spleen infiltrate was found out in 5 patients.Of the 7 patients,6 were diagnosed as the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,1 as the anaplastic large cell lymphoma.Six patients underwent systematic chemotherapy.Two died and the others received complete or part remission.Conclusion Pancreatic lymphoma is uncommon and represents a rare cause of acute pancreatitis.It needs to be confirmed by histopathologic examination.The standard treatment is not only for acute pancreatitis,but also for NHL including CHOP or CHOP-like chemotherapy.
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Objective To study the efficacy and toxicity of standard CEOP regimen in elderly patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).Methods The study included 34 previously untreated patients,age 60 to 80 years old,with NHL,through July 2009 to December 2011.The patients with T-cell lyphoma received four to eight cycles of CEOP (cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2 d1,epirubicin hydrochloride 60-75 mg/m2 d1,vincristine 2mg d1,and dexamethasone 10-15 mg d1-5) every 3-4 weeks.Otherwise,the patient with B-cell lymphoma received R-CEOP,rituximab (375 mg/m2) was administered one day before CEOP.All the patients' clinical materials were collected and used to annalyze the efficacy and toxicity of the CEOP±R regimen.Results Among these 34 NHL patients,17 cases reached CR,9 cases reached PR,3 cases remained SD,and 5 cases appeared PD.The total response rate was 76.5 ％(26/34).The major toxicity was bone marrow restraint.The rate of leukocyte decline with Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree was 71.4 ％ (24/34).Conclusion Using the standard regimen of CEOP leads to satisfied efficacy of elderly patients with NHL,and the toxcity is tolerant.