Effects of occupational mercury exposure on the immune function of workers / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To investigate the effects of mercury on T lymphocytes and serum immune indexes of workers with Methods occupational mercury exposure. A total of 45 workers with occupational mercury exposure were selected as the ， mercury exposure group and 47 workers without occupational mercury exposure were selected as the control group using the judgment sampling method. Cold atomic absorption spectrometry was used to detect the urinary mercury level of the two groups. （ ） +， + +， + + - + Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of cluster of differentiation CD 3 CD3CD4 CD3CD8 and CD3CD19 ， - （ - ） - （ - ） cells in peripheral blood and the levels of tumor necrosis factor α TNF α and interleukin 8 IL 8 in serum. The levels of （ ） ， Results immunoglobulin Ig A IgG and IgM in serum were measured by immune nephelometry. The urinary mercury level of （ ： vs ，P ） individuals in the mercury exposed group was higher than that of the control group median 92.7 13.2 μg/g Cr <0.01 . The +， + +， - + proportion of CD3 CD3CD4 CD3CD19 cells in peripheral blood and serum IgG level in the mercury exposed group （ P ）， - - （ P ） decreased all <0.05 and the serum TNF α and IL 8 levels increased all <0.01 compared with the control group. Urinary - + mercury level was negatively correlated with the proportion of CD3CD19 cells in peripheral blood and serum IgG level in the ［ （r） ， ， P ］， study subjects Spearman correlation coefficient S were −0.21 and −0.31 respectively all <0.05 and positively - - （r ， ， P ） ， correlated with serum TNF α and IL 8 levels S were 0.36 and 0.39 respectively all <0.05 . However the urinary mercury （ P ）， +， + +， level was neither correlated with IgA and IgM levels in serum all >0.05 nor with the proportion of CD3 CD3CD4 + + （ P ） Conclusion CD3CD8 cells in peripheral blood all >0.05 . Occupational exposure to mercury can lead to abnormal ， changes in peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets B lymphocytes and serum immune factors in workers. The mercury load of occupational mercury exposure workers may impact their immune function.

Skull base aneurysms: a retrospective review of fifteen cases focusing on the involvement of internal carotid artery / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To explore the diagnosis and clinical features of internal carotid artery aneurysm in the skull base. Methods: The data of 15 patients with internal carotid aneurysms in the skull base diagnosed and treated by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or CT angiography (CTA) in the Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from 1995 to 2017 were collected and analyzed. Among the 15 patients, 12 were males, and 3 were females, aging from 17 to 67 years old, with a median age of 44 years. Thirteen patients were diagnosed by DSA; the other two patients were diagnosed by CTA. Thirteen patients were diagnosed with pseudoaneurysm with the first symptom of epistaxis, in which eight patients underwent head trauma and 5 underwent radiotherapy of skull base tumor. The other two patients were diagnosed with true aneurysm presented headache and cranial nerve disorder. All patients were followed up for 2 to 12 years after treatment to see whether they were cured and survived. Results: Among the eight patients with a history of trauma, five patients were cured by embolization, two patients without embolization died of massive epistaxis, one patient died of progressive cerebral infarction after embolization. Among the five patients with radiotherapy of skull base tumor, one patient died of cerebral infarction after embolization, two patients died out of the hospital due to the recurrence of the primary tumor and intracranial invasion, one patient recovered well after embolization and surgical operation, one patient gave up treatment and died of massive hemorrhage out of hospital. In the other two patients with symptom of headache, one received embolization treatment outside the hospital after receiving mistake operation, and another one gave up treatment and died due to personal reasons. In total, four patients died in hospital, four died out of the hospital, and seven patients survived. Conclusions: Internal carotid artery aneurysm is a high-risk disease of anterior and middle skull base. For patients with epistaxis with a history of trauma and radiotherapy or patients with headaches and cranial nerve disorders, the possibility of the internal carotid artery aneurysm should be considered, in which DSA or CTA examination is essentially required for ensured diagnosis and disease evaluation.. The correct diagnosis and treatment by the otolaryngologist are crucial to the prognosis of the patient.

Baicalin attenuates high fat diet-induced insulin resistance and ectopic fat storage in skeletal muscle, through modulating the protein kinase B/Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta pathway / 中国天然药物

Insulin resistance is the pathophysiological basis of many diseases. Overcoming early insulin resistance highly significant in prevention diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver, and atherosclerosis. The present study aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effects of baicalin on insulin resistance and skeletal muscle ectopic fat storage in high fat diet-induced mice, and exploring the potential molecular mechanisms. Insulin resistance in mice was induced with a high fat diet for 16 weeks. Animals were then treated with three different doses of baicalin (100, 200, and 400 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) for 14 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, glucose tolerance test (GTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), and skeletal muscle lipid deposition were measured. Additionally, the AMP-activated protein kinase/acetyl-CoA carboxylase and protein kinase B/Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta pathways in skeletal muscle were further evaluated. Baicalin significantly reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose and fasting serum insulin and attenuated high fat diet induced glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance. Moreover, insulin resistance was significantly reversed. Pathological analysis revealed baicalin dose-dependently decreased the degree of the ectopic fat storage in skeletal muscle. The properties of baicalin were mediated, at least in part, by inhibition of the AMPK/ACC pathway, a key regulator of de novo lipogenesis and activation of the Akt/GSK-3β pathway, a key regulator of Glycogen synthesis. These data suggest that baicalin, at dose up to 400 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), is safe and able to attenuate insulin resistance and skeletal muscle ectopic fat storage, through modulating the skeletal muscle AMPK/ACC pathway and Akt/GSK-3β pathway.

Research progress on plant resources distribution of vitexin and its pharmacological effects / 中国中药杂志

Vitexin, a naturally occurring flavone glycoside in plants, has many pharmacological effects, which is widely distributed in nature. This paper reviewed the research progress of the distribution of vitexin in the plant resources and its pharmacological effects, and summarized its application prospects, aiming to provide a useful reference for the development of vitexin-enriched plant resources.

Correlation between the amount of residual undifferentiated embryonic stem cells in embryoid bodies and its tumorigenicity / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective To explore the correlation between the amount of residual undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in embryoid bodies and its tumorigenicity.Methods Mouse R1 ESCs were cultured in suspension to form embryoid bodies (EBs).Ten days later,EBs were digested into single cells and then re-plated in standard ESCs culture condition.The residual undifferentiated embryonic stem cells surface maker SSEA-1 was examined by flow cytometry in EBs.The morphology of residual undifferentiated cells in EBs were observed,meanwhile the surface marker SSEA-1 was examined by immunofluorescent staining.EBs were digested into single cells and grouped into 104,105,106,2×106,and then injected into limb muscle of nude mice.The correlation of the amount of cells and its tumorigenicity was observed.Results Residual undifferentiated ESCs were observed after EBs differentiated for 10 days,which displayed clonal morphology and expressed undifferentiated ceil markers of ESCs,such as SSEA-1.The expression rate of undifferentiated cells surface marker SSEA-1 was (13.5±0.75)％ in EBs differentiated for 10 days.Only two millions single cells harvested from EBs were able to form teratoma after being injected into muscle of nude mice for 6 weeks.Mature endoderm,mesoderm and ectoderm tissues could be found in teratoma.No teratoma formed in other groups.Conclusion A certain amount residual undifferentiated ESCs still exist after differentiation of ESCs into EBs.About 2.7× 105 undifferentiated cells are able to form teratoma by iniecting into muscle of nude mice.

Clinical study of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration on the hemodialysis patients with refractory hypertension / 中国综合临床

Objective To study the short-term clinical efficacy and its possible mechanism of refractory hypertension(RH) treated by continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods Thirty-four MHD patients with RH treated with CVVH enrolled in the treatment group,all these patients were treatment of 2 -3 times,each time 8 - 10 hours. Thirty MHD patients with wellcontroled blood pressure were recruited as control. Changes of blood pressure, dry weight, plasma levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), renin ( RA), angiotensin Ⅰ , Ⅱ ( AT Ⅰ , AT Ⅱ ), aldosterone ( Ald ) were observed before and after hemodialysis. Results In the treatment group,compared with pre-treatment, the blood pressure decreased significantly with an effective rate of 64.7% and efficient rate of 100. 0%. Before treatment, plasma RA was ([1.10 ±0.25] μg/(L · h)and [0:78 ±0.26] μg/(L · h),AT Ⅰ was [0.89 ±0.21] μg/L and [ 0. 52 ± 0. 14 ] μg/L, AT Ⅱ was [ 177.68 ± 89.46 ] ng/L and [ 89. 25 ± 12. 84 ] ng/L, Ald was [72. 06 ± 11.47 ]ng/L and [ 48.92 ± 8. 65 ] ng/L, PTH was [ 306. 81 ± 69. 37 ] ng/L and [ 248.76 ± 134. 62 ] ng/L in the treatment and control group respectively. All the measurements in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0. 05 ). In the treatment group, compared to pre-treatment, plasma RA significantly decreased ( [ 1.10 ± 0. 25 ]μg/ ( L · h) vs [ 0. 76 ± 0. 17 ] μg/( L · h ), as well as AT Ⅰ ( [ 0. 89 ±0.21]μg/L vs [0.50 ±0.12] μg/L),ATⅡ([177.68±89.46]ng/L vs [ 87.13±14.22] ng/L),Ald ([72.06±11.47]ng/Lvs [ 46. 01± 9. 86 ] ng/L ) and PTH ( [ 306. 81 ±69.37]ng/L vs [ 186.53 ±32.93 ] ng/L) ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). However, there was no significant changes in the above mentioned measurements between before and after hemodialysis in the control group (P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion CVVH may be an effective methods in the treatment of MHD patients with RH, and its antihypertensive mechanisms may be that CVVH can effectively remove the excess water in the body, and reduce plasma RA, AT Ⅰ , AT Ⅱ ,Ald and PTH levels.

Investigation on the disorders in calcium and phosphorus metabolism and abnormity in parathyroid function in the patients with maintenance hemodialysis / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate disorders in calcium and phosphorus metabolism and abnormity in parathyroid function and their related factors in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients.Methods We collected serum Hb,SCr,BUN,calcium,phosphorus,iPTH,high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),albumin and calculated albumin-corrected Ca and Kt/V from 198 patients with MHD in Jing'an District Central Hospital,Shanghai from Jan.2009 to Dec.2010.The calcium and phosphorus metabolism and parathyroid function were evaluated according to the guidelines of bone metabolism and controlling of bone disease in Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative(KDOQI)recommended by National Kidney Foundation of the United States.198 patients were classified into the standard group(150-300 ng/L),lower than the standard group(＜150 ng/L)and higher than the standard group(＞ 300 ng/L)according to serum iPTH levels.Results In the 198 cases,110 cases were normal in serum Ac-Ca(55.6％); 118 cases were normal in serum phosphorus (59.6％); 143 cases were normal in Ca × P(72.3％); 39 cases were normal in iPTH(19.7％).All four items up to the standard were 28 cases(14.1％)among 198 cases.However,132(66.7％)patients showed lower than 150 ng/L in serum iPTH.The average serum iPTH gradually decreased with age.The senior patients demonstrated the highest average serum Hs-CRP,the lowest average serum phosphorus and the lowest albumin.There were no statistical significance in sex,hemodialysis duration,diabetes,blood pressure,Hb,Bun,SCr,Ac-Ca and Kt/V among three groups.Conclusion The disorders in calcium and phosphorus metabolism and abnormity in parathyroid function is common in the MHD patients.We should pay attention to hypofunction of parathyroid gland in the patients with MHD,which may be related to aging,malnutrition and potential infection.These findings need further investigation.

Bone metabolism in different phase of elder type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To study the feature of bone metabolism in different phase of elder type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients.Methods One hundred and fifty elder type 2 DN patients (non-microalbuminuria group,microalbuminuria group,clinic proteinuria group,DN renal inadequacy group and DN uremia group,each group was 30 cases),60 elder non-DN patients in chronic renal failure (CRF) (non-DN renal inadequacy group and non-DN uremia group,each group was 30 cases) ,and 30 elder healthy people (control group) were selected to observe the changes of osteocalcin (OT),β -crosslaps,parathyroid hormone ( iPTH),alkaline phosphatase (AKP),serum calcium (Ca),serum phosphorus (P) and Ca × P.Results In non-microalbuminuria group,microalbuminuria group and clinic proteinuria group,OT and β -crosslaps levels were lower than those in control group,and the lowest in microalbuminunia group (P＜0.01).In DN renal inadequacy group and DN uremia group,OT and β -crosslaps levels were higher than those in control group(P＜0.01).In the phase of CRF,OT,β -crosslaps and iPTH had no statistic difference between DN patients and non-DN patients,but had linear correlation.Serum P level was higher in DN renal inadequacy group and DN uremia group than that in control group(P＜0.01).Either DN or non-DN,serum P had more influence to Ca × P than serum Ca.Conclusions In the different phase of elder type 2 DNpatients,the effect of bone metabolism is different because of the different injury of renal function.Bone metabolism in the different phase has respective feature and mechanism,with low turnover in the first and high turnover in the end.

Construction of inducible lentiviral expression vector containing MST1 gene and its expression in Huh-7 cell line / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To construct inducible lentiviral vector containing MST1 gene, which provides an ideal model for further study of the relationship between liver cancer and MST1 gene. Methods We cloned MST1 into inducible lentiviral vector. Two lentiviral vectors (pLVPT-tTRKRAB-MST1 and pLV-tTRKRAB-Red) with package plasmids were contransfected into 293FT respectively, and the lentiviral viruses were harvested from 293FT. Viruses were used to infect liver cancer cell line (Huh-7) in tandem. We used doxcycline to induce the expression of target gene MST1 which was indentified by Western blot after 7-day cell culture. Results The recombinant inducable lentiviral vector containing MST1 gene was successfully constructed. The lentiviruses were also obtained and mediated by 293FT, which were highly efficient to infect liver cell lines Huh-7. The expression of MST1 was identified under Dox induction. Conclusions The recombinant inducable lentiviral vector containing MST1 gene has been successfully constructed. It is viable to obtain inducible cell lines Huh-7 with MST1 gene expression under Dox induction.

Effect of long-term intravenous iron supplementation on improvement of anemia in the patients with hemodialysis / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the efficiency and safety as well as the effect of chronic intravenous iron supplementation on the improvement of anemia in the patients with maintain hemodialysis (MHD). Methods Fifty-six patients with MHD were involved in the six-month, controlled trail and randomly divided into two groups: intravenous iron group (IV group) and oral iron group (oral group). The patients of IV group (n=28) were intravenously pumped 100 mg iron dextran during each hemodialysis session for the total amount of 1000 mg,after that,100 mg iron dextrin each two weeks. Patients in the oral group took 525 mg ferrous sulfate a day during the first three months and received iron dextran on the above methods under stopping oral iron supplement during the second three months. The efficacy was assessed by determining the change of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), serum ferritin (SF) and transferring saturation (TSAT). Results The levels of Hb, Hct, SF, TSAT were increasing in the IV group after trail and there were evidently difference in those markers in the first three months, compared to the oral group, P

A genetic study of 15 STR loci in Chinese E Wen-ke population / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 15 STRs loci in Chinese E Wen-ke population.@*METHODS@#DNA samples from 99 unrelated individuals in Chinese E Wen-ke population were screened by Power Plex 16 System and ABI3100 Genetic Analyzer.@*RESULTS@#The genotype frequencies of these 15 STR loci meet the Hardy-Weinberg expectation. The Matching probability of 15 STRs loci were between 0.0205-0.1733, discriminating power (DP) at 0.8267-0.9795, heterozygosity (Ho) at 0.6061-0.9091, power of exclusion (PE) at 0.4038-0.7690, polymorphism information content (PIC) at 0.5985-0.8734. The total DP of 15 STRs loci is 0.9999999999998.@*CONCLUSION@#Our results showed that the 15 STRs loci of Power Plex 16 System are valuable STR loci genetic marker system having high DP and are useful in forensic case work in Chinese E Wen-ke population.

Anesthesia and clinical importance of monitoring blood glucoseand electrolytes during hysteroscopic surgery / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To study the management of anesthesia and to assess the changes in blood glucose and electrolytes during operative hysteroscopy.Methods:80 patients undergoing operative hysteroscopy were allocated to GA group (the general anesthesia group, n =36) and EA group (the epidural anesthesia, n =44).The electrolytes (Na +,K +,Cl -),blood glucose,blood gas(HCO - 3,PaCO 2,pH),Hb,Hct were observed before operation,at 30 min during operation and after operation respectively.Meanwhile,the irrigating fluid volume and operation procedure were recorded.Results:The blood glucose level increased markedly at 30 min during operation as compared with that before operation and after operation as compared with that during operation.There was a significant higher blood glucose level after operation than that at 30 min during operation and there was no significant difference between the two groups.Serum sodium was significantly changed in electrolytes.There was a significantly lower sodium level at 30 min during operation as compared with that before operation and after operation as compared with that during operation.There was no significant difference between the two groups.There was also no significant difference between the groups in volume irrigating fluid.Conclusion:The intravenous-inhaled combined anesthesia and epidural anesthesia can be used safely for operative hysteroscopy.It is one of the important means to monitor the blood glucose and electrolytes in operative hysteroscopy.

Feasibility of application of patient controlled intravenous analgesia to elderly postoperative analgesia / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) for elderly patients.Methods:900 patients after operation (except for cerebral operation) were allocated to the aged group ( n =600,aged 65～90 years,ASAⅡ-Ⅳ) or the control group (young or middle-age group, n =300,aged 18～63 years,ASAⅠ-Ⅲ) and received PCIA.The PCIA solution consist of tramadol 600 mg,fentanyl 0.3 mg,droperidol 5 mg and NS 40 ml.Loading dose 3～5 ml,background infusion 0.7～1 ml/h,bolus 0.5ml,lockout time 10～15 min.The intensity of pain,level of sedation,scale of comfort and side effects were assessed.Meanwhile,RR,MAP,HR,SpO 2 were monitored and the total dosage of analgesic were recorded also.Results:There was no significant difference in VAS (Visual analogue scale),RSS(Ramesay sedation),and BCS (Bruggrmann comfort scale) in both groups.But,the consumption of the aged group was significantly fewer.The incidence of the adverse effects was lower in both groups and there was no significant difference between groups.The respiration and circulation was smooth in both groups throughout analgesia period.Conclusion:The efficacy of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in elderly patients is good.The incidence of adverse effects is low.With adequate dosage and monitoring PCIA can be used safely for elderly postoperative analgesia.

The Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Tension on the Fermentation of D-ribose / 微生物学通报

After comparing the varieties of parameters in batch culture under different dissolved oxygen tension by Bacillus pumilus, we found that the demand of cell on oxygen in different phase isn' t consistent. Based on the analys is of the metabolic pathway of oxygen and the mechanism of the effect of dissolved oxygen tension on fermentation of D-ribose, a two-stage oxygen-supply control mode was proposed and experimentally proved to be available. High ribose yield and high glucose consumption rate were achieved during whole process for 44h, and the ultimate ribose concentration and cell concentration were 5.0% and 18.8% higher than former respectively.

Effect of intraoperative autotransfusion on postoperative hematoma of intracranial meningiomas / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of intraoperative autotransfusion on postoperative hematoma of intracranial meningiomas and to expand the clinical application of blood callbacked in intracranial surgery.Methods:90 patients undergoing elective surgery for intracranial meningiomas were randomly allocated to the M group (the experiment group, n =60) and the C group (the control group, n =30).In the M group,the autologous blood retransfusion was given with the Haemonetics Cell-Caver5,and the blood gas analysis,Hb,Hct were observed before hemorrhage,after hemorrhage and retransfusion respectively.In the C group,the allogeneic blood transfusion was performed considering the intraoperative hemorrhage.All patients were followed up for volume of allogeneic blood transfusion,postoperative hematoma and postoperative infection.Results:The hemodynamics was steady.The Hb and Hct were maintained in the normal range during operation in both groups.The blood volume of postoperative allogeneic transfusion showed no significant difference between two groups.The incidence of the postoperative hematoma showed no significant difference between two groups,but the incidence of postoperative infection was lower in the M group than that of C group.Conclusion:Intraoperative autotransfusion could not influence the incidence of postoperative hematoma of intracranial meningiomas.With the perioperative management,the intraoperative autotransfusion can be used safely for intracranial surgery.

Effects of pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide on the circulation and respiration in old patients undergoing retroperitoneoscopy / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To investigate the effects of pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide(CO2)on the hemodynamics,arterial blood gas and ventilatory function in old patients undergoing retroperitoneoscopy.Methods:Thirty patients over 65 years undergoing elective retroperitonoscopy were studied under general anesthesia,ASAⅡ-Ⅲ.Before anesthesia,before and after CO2 insufflations, the changes of MAP,HR,SPO2,PetCO2 at 5?10?30?60?120min were observed and the blood gas at different time was analysed.Results:The MAP and HR were increased significantly respectively(P

Study on risk factors of postoperative hematoma after craniotomy / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective: To study the risk factors of postoperative hematoma after craniotomy and to reduce the occurrence of post-operative hematoma.Methods: The clinical data of 687 cases of intracranial neoplasms(meningioma,glioma,aneurysm) were analyzed retrospectivel.Results: Meningioma surgery carried a higher risk for postoperative hematoma than other intracranial neoplasms.The incidence of post-operative hematoma showed no significant difference between patients with glioma and these aneurysm.The incidence of post-operative hematoma in the elder was higher than that in the young or the middle-age with.The incidence of postoperative hematoma in patients with dysfunction coagulation was higher.Conclusions: The incidence of postoperative hematoma was higher for craniotomy in neurosurgery.The morbidity of postoperative hematoma in patients undergoing intracranial surgery was different regarding types of operation,age of patients and alteration of coagulation.