ABSTRACT
Resumen La traqueostomía es un procedimiento ampliamente utilizado en pacientes críticos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos, con sus indicaciones, contraindicaciones, beneficios y complicaciones. El virus de SARS-CoV-2 afecta el tracto respiratorio y puede provocar complicaciones pulmonares graves que requieren, en ocasiones, intubación endotraqueal y ventilación mecánica prolongada como parte de su tratamiento. La infección por este virus tiene alto riesgo de contagio por medio de aerosoles con alta letalidad. Además, la traqueostomía es un procedimiento altamente productor de aerosoles, por lo que nos exige tomar las consideraciones para su indicación. Es imperioso tener las recomendaciones y/o guías para su realización. La formación de un comité especializado en la valoración quirúrgica de la vía aérea es necesario en todos los hospitales que atiendan pacientes con SARS-CoV-2.
Abstract Tracheostomy is a procedure widely used in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit, with its indications, contraindications, benefits and complications. SARS-CoV-2 virus affects the respiratory tract and can cause severe pulmonary complications that could require endotracheal intubation and long-term assisted mechanical ventilation as part of its treatment. Infection caused by this virus has a high contagious risk through aerosols with high lethality. Furthermore, tracheostomy is a highly aerosol-producing procedure, this requires us to consider the indications of this procedure. It is imperative to have the recommendations and/or guidelines for its implementation. It is essential to develop a surgical airway evaluation specialized committee in every hospital that attends SARS-CoV-2 patients.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Eumerus Meigen, 1823 is a very speciose genus of flower flies from the Eastern Hemisphere. Several reports of introduced species of this genus in the Americas have been recorded since early in the twentieth century, with a present list of six species recorded to date from the Americas and the US territory of Hawaii. In this paper we give new geographical records for the African-native species Eumerus obliquus (Fabricius, 1805), which reflect the expansion of this fly through Brazil and Paraguay along the last twenty years. At the same time, we report a second species from Paraguay, Eumerus aurifrons (Wiedemann, 1824), being this the first Western Hemisphere record for this Asian-native species. We finally provide an identification key to all of the species of Eumerus presently known from the Americas and Hawaii.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Surveying the diversity of stinging wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) provides an important information base to assist in biodiversity conservation and the management of forest reserves, as wasps depend on and maintain the population balance of several other groups of insects. In accordance, this paper presents an altitudinal survey of wasps (Hymenoptera, Aculeata, Vespidae) in Itatiaia National Park, Brazil, which is a protected area covered by Atlantic Forest in a mountainous landscape, with altitudes ranging between 540 and 2791 metres above sea level. Six altitudinal zones were sampled with entomological net, and the abundance and diversity of the species were indicated by zones. Field sampling took 288 h of discontinuous activity, which was randomly conducted from December 2012 to December 2013. A total of 398 individuals belonging to 29 species and two subfamilies (Eumeninae and Polistinae) were sampled. Eight species are new records for the state of Rio de Janeiro. We found a monotonic decrease in wasp diversity in relation to altitude, and the number of captured individuals differed significantly between the low and high altitudes.
ABSTRACT
On the nesting biology of Pirhosigma Giordani Soika (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae), with special reference to the use of vegetable matter. The use of vegetable matter in nest building is not widespread among the Eumeninae, and is reported for the first time for the two species of potter wasps Pirhosigma superficiale and P. limpidum. These wasps make mostly spherical mud nests over which they attach small pieces of unmasticated plant matter. Use of plant fragments in this group of wasps is interpreted as camouflage behavior.
ABSTRACT
A comprehensive catalog of the Neotropical Masarinae is presented. The lectotype of Trimeria howardi Bertoni, 1911, is designated.
Um catálogo completo dos Masarinae Neotropicais é apresentado. O lectótipo de Trimeria howardi Bertoni, 1911 é designado.
Subject(s)
Animals , Phylogeography , Wasps/anatomy & histology , Wasps/classification , Tropical ClimateABSTRACT
Se planteó el presente trabajo de investigaciones a fin de conocer el porcentaje de exposición a antígenos de leptospira, por parte de la población de bovinos en producción provenientes de fincas en la región sur del Lago de Maracaibo, Venezuela. Se seleccionaron un total de 48 fincas mediante la técnica de muestreo estratificado al azar en cada una de ellas se recolectaron muestras de sangre bovina representativas del 10 por ciento de los animales en producción, obteniéndose de esta manera un total de 385 muestras de sangre bovina. Cada muestra fue centrifugada y los sueros obtenidos se almacenaron por duplicado de -20ºC hasta su procesamiento. La presencia de anticuerpos contra leptospira en los sueros bovinos procesados se determinó por la técnica de microaglutinación con antígenes vivos. De los 385 sueros bovinos estudiados, 300 (77.9 por ciento) fueron positivos, prevaleciendo los serovares hardjo, australis y hebdomadis. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una alta exposición a la bacteria leptospira por parte de la población bovina de la región sur del Lago de Maracaibo, Venezuela, y evidencian la necesidad de realizar estudios similares en otras zonas ganaderas, de manera de poder establecer la situación epidemiológica de esta zoonosis en nuestro país