ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: In recent decades, the survival rates of the children with cancer have improved significantly and their five-year survival rates have reached 80 percent, but there are still many concerns about the survival of adolescents and young people
Methods and Materials: In this retrospective study, the data of 310 children and adults with leukemia in Kurdistan Province were extracted from their medical records. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis were performed through calculating hazard ratios using Cox relative risk model. Data analysis was carried out using Stata 12 software
Results: This study included 201 adults with mean age of 50.8 years and 109 children with mean age of 5.2 years. The frequency of AML was higher in the adults [30.8 percent], while the frequency of ALL cases was higher in the children [86.2 percent]. The respective one-year and five-year survival rates, were 94.4 percent and 49.5 percent in the adults, and 92.6 percent and 83 percent in the children. The hazard ratios [HR] were 5.18 [95 percent CI: 2.60-13] in the adults with ALL and 4.11 [95 percent CI: 1.55-10.4] in the adults with AML, and 2.78 [95 percent CI: 1.05-7.37] in the patients with CML. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, the rate of mortality in children with ALL was lower [HR=0.26, 95 percent CI: 0.08-0.77]
Conclusion: Timely diagnosis and provision of treatment services for the patients are recommended. Considering the high rate of survival in the patients with ALL especially in children, we recommend provision of appropriate treatment facilities and palliative care services, similar to those in other countries, for the patients with different types of leukemia with high rates of mortality