Assessment of Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factorfor Cardiovascular Diseases in Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern Maharashtra

Introduction: A wide range of traditional and nontraditionalcardiovascular risk factors that may promote and fosterthe development of atherosclerosis have been reportedin association with the metabolic syndrome, includingatherogenic dyslipidemia, prothrombotic and proinflammatorymilieu, and endothelial dysfunction. The present study wasconducted to study the cardiovascular risk factors amongthe cases presented with metabolic syndrome in a tertiaryhealthcare institute.Material and methods: It was a cross sectional observationalstudy conducted among 100 cases diagnosed with metabolicsyndrome attending outpatient department of departmentof medicine, KIMS. Written consents were taken from theparticipants.Results: Mean Waist Circumference in cm was 99.62 ± 9.2,Hip Circumference was 106.3 ± 8.67 cm. The W/H ratiowas 0.93 ± 0.79. These indices were higher as compared tothe controls. 7.5 % cases had peripheral vascular disease,8.2% cases had coronary artery disease, 4% had nephroticsyndrome, 6% had history of cerebrovascular disease.Conclusions: Evaluation of the parameters in metabolicsyndrome can be a simple clinical tool to assess potentialrisk for development of cardiovascular diseases and henceassessment of prognosis and to establish and prioritize theresources appropriately.

Study of Lipid Profile in Accelerated Hypertension in Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Maharashtra

Introduction: CVD is the leading cause of disability anddeath worldwide, and a great majority of CVDs are associatedwith dyslipidemia. Worldwide, there is broad variation inserum lipid profile levels among different population groups.Increased serum levels of TC, TG, LDL, and decreased HDLare known to be associated with major risk factors for CVD.The present study was conducted to assess the lipid levelsamong cases of accelerated hypertension presenting to atertiary healthcare institute.Material and methods: This study was done on 96 patientspresented with hypertensive emergencies admitted underdepartment of medicine, KIMS, Karad, from August 2018to December 2018 On admission, detailed history was takenand complete clinical examination was done. It was a hospitalbased cross sectional study.Results: Serum levels of TC, TG, HDL and LDL were 182±3.4,143.62±6.3, 49.68 and 95.83±7.8 mg/dL, respectively, inhypertensive subjects.Conclusions: Our results suggest that elevated BP may predictcertain disturbances in lipoprotein metabolism

Study of Angiography Findings in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients with Cardiac Symptoms

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolicdisorder associated with an increased risk of microvascularand macrovascular disease. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is aprevalent metabolic disorder that often leads to cardiovasculardiseases and diabetic cardiomyopathy, which may lead tochronic pressure overload and myocardial infarction. Thepresent study aimed at studying the extent and complexity ofcardiovascular lesions among diabetic patients and comparesame with non-diabetic patients.Materials and methods: The present study was a CaseControl (Analytical and Interventional) Study conductedover 18 months (October 2016 to March 2018). Case groupconsisted of 250 Diabetic patients with cardiac symptoms,with or without ECG changes, who have undergone coronaryangiography. And Controls group consisted of 250 NonDiabetic patients with cardiac symptoms, with or withoutECG changes, have undergone coronary angiography.Results: In the present study, among diabetics, there were52.8% male patients and 47.2% female patients, similarlyamong non diabetic group, 57.2% were males and 42.8%cases were females. 12.4% people were found normal, 37.6%were suffering from Single vessel disease, 28.8% people withDouble vessel disease and 21.2% people with Triple vesseldisease.Conclusions: According to the present study, among coronaryangiography diagnosis, severe forms of coronary artery lesionswere found common among diabetic patients as compared tonon diabetic patients.

Study of Electrolyte Disturbances in Dengue Infected Patients

Introduction: Dengue is the most common arboviral diseaseworldwide and is usually endemic, but several epidemics havebeen recorded. Dengue fever is associated with electrolytedisturbances.Material and methods: This study was a cross sectional,descriptive and non interventional study conducted onpatients of Dengue fever, during the period of 18 monthsbetween October 2016 to March 2018 in a tertiary care centre.This study was conducted to find relation between electrolytedisturbances in patients with dengue fever.Results: The majority of the patients 136 (67.32%) weremales while 66 (32.67%) were female patients. The majorityof patients 84.65% were with Dengue fever and 14.35%patients were with Dengue hemorrhagic fever and 0.99%patients were with Dengue shock syndrome. Hyponatremiaand hypokalemia was the frequent electrolyte disturbancesfound in dengue patients. The mean value of serum sodiumwas 133.92mEq/L and of serum potassium was 3.62mEq/L.There exists a positive and significant correlation betweendifference in serum sodium (r = 0.38) and potassium levels(r = 0.41) with Dengue clinical syndrome (DF, DHF, andDSS) which implies that as the difference between the levelsincreases, greater are chances of the Dengue fever towardsDHF or DSS.Conclusions: Hyponatremia was the most frequent electrolytedisturbance and hyperkalemia was least common observed inpatients with Dengue viral infection. Mild hyponatremia andmild hypokalemia were more common among patients ofDengue fever whereas moderate and severe hyponatremia andhypokalemia were more common among Dengue hemorrhagicfever (DHF) and Dengue shock syndrome (DSS).