ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND The first dengue cases in Brazil with laboratory confirmation occurred in the northern region of the country, with the isolation of two serotypes, dengue virus 1 (DENV-1) and DENV-4. In Ceará, the introduction of DENV-4 was reported during a DENV-1 epidemic in 2011, with only two isolations. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterise the first DENV-4 epidemic in the state of Ceará, Brazil. METHODS The study population was composed of patients with suspected dengue that were reported to health care units from January to December 2012. The laboratory confirmation of infection was made by viral isolation, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), AgNS1, immunohistochemistry and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MAIN CONCLUSIONS In the study year, 72,211 suspected dengue cases were reported and 51,865 of these cases (71.8%) were confirmed to be positive. Co-circulation of three serotypes, DENV-1, DENV-3 and DENV-4, was detected with a predominance of DENV-4 (95.3%). Most cases were not severe, but there were 44 fatal outcomes. DENV-4 Genotype II was identified for the first time in Ceará.
Subject(s)
Cause of Death/trends , Dengue/transmission , Dengue/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The dengue classification proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2009 is considered more sensitive than the classification proposed by the WHO in 1997. However, no study has assessed the ability of the WHO 2009 classification to identify dengue deaths among autopsied individuals suspected of having dengue. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of the WHO 2009 classification to identify dengue deaths among autopsied individuals suspected of having dengue in Northeast Brazil, where the disease is endemic. METHODS: This retrospective study included 121 autopsied individuals suspected of having dengue in Northeast Brazil during the epidemics of 2011 and 2012. All the autopsied individuals included in this study were confirmed to have dengue based on the findings of laboratory examinations. RESULTS: The median age of the autopsied individuals was 34 years (range, 1 month to 93 years), and 54.5% of the individuals were males. According to the WHO 1997 classification, 9.1% (11/121) of the cases were classified as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and 3.3% (4/121) as dengue shock syndrome. The remaining 87.6% (106/121) of the cases were classified as dengue with complications. According to the 2009 classification, 100% (121/121) of the cases were classified as severe dengue. The absence of plasma leakage (58.5%) and platelet counts <100,000/mm3 (47.2%) were the most frequent reasons for the inability to classify cases as DHF. CONCLUSIONS: The WHO 2009 classification is more sensitive than the WHO 1997 classification for identifying dengue deaths among autopsied individuals suspected of having dengue.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Dengue/classification , Severity of Illness Index , World Health Organization , Autopsy , Brazil/epidemiology , Dengue/epidemiology , Epidemics , Retrospective Studies , Severe Dengue/epidemiology , Symptom Assessment/standardsABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: O objetivo do estudo consistiu em avaliar os efeitos da adição de milho quality protein maize BR473 sobre aspectos bioquímicos e fisiológicos. MÉTODOS: Camundongos Swiss, fêmeas, 6-7 semanas, foram alimentados com rações comerciais, rações comerciais com milho híbrido (1:1), rações comerciais com milho de alta qualidade protéica (1:1). Foram avaliados, durante 3 meses, o consumo de ração, o ganho de peso e de tecido adiposo retroperitoneal e os valores plasmáticos de proteínas, triglicerídeos, colesterol e glicose. RESULTADOS: A adição dietética de milho quality protein maize BR473 reduziu o consumo alimentar e o tecido adiposo retroperitoneal, porém manteve a glicemia e trigliceridemia em relação à adição de milho híbrido na ração comercial. CONCLUSÃO: A melhor eficiência alimentar e os impactos sobre os parâmetros bioquímicos do sangue sugerem o potencial do uso do milho quality protein maize BR473 como um importante complemento para garantir a segurança alimentar e nutricional.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to evaluate the biochemical and physiological effects of adding quality protein maize BR473 to the diet of mice. METHODS:Female Swiss mice, 6-7 weeks old, were fed commercial diet alone or supplemented with either hybrid maize (1:1) or quality protein maize (1:1). Food intake, weight gain, abdominal obesity and plasma glucose, proteins, cholesterol and triglycerides levels were evaluated for 3 months. RESULTS: Dietary addition of the quality protein maize BR473 reduced food intake and abdominal fat, yet plasma glucose and triglycerides remained the same when compared with the addition of hybrid maize to the commercial feed. CONCLUSION: A better dietary efficiency and the impacts on the biochemical parameters of the blood suggest that the quality protein maize BR473 is an important complement to guarantee dietary and nutritional security.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Eating , Triglycerides , Zea mays , MiceABSTRACT
Vários estudos vêm demonstrando os efeitos benéficos dos ácidos graxos poliinsaturados, especialmente do tipo ômega-3, no processo inflamatório. Esses lipídios, por meio de interferências na regulação gênica e no metabolismo celular, desempenham um papel modulador das reações in amatórias agudas ou crônicas. Neste trabalho, utilizou-se o modelo inflamatório induzido por implantes subcutâneos de parafina afim de avaliar os efeitos da administração dos ácidos graxos poliinsaturados por via oral e subcutânea. Foram utilizados camundongos Swiss, fêmeas, com 6 a 8 semanas de idade. Posteriormente, os animais receberam um implante subcutâneo de tabletes de parafina afim de induzir um processo inflamatório crônico. Vinte e um dias após a indução da inflamação, os animais receberam 100μl/camundongo de óleo de peixe contendo 180mg de ácido eicosapentaenóico e 120mg de ácido docosahexaenóico via oral. Pela via subcutânea, foram inoculados 20μl/camundongo de óleo de peixe contendo 3,6mg de ácido eicosapentaenóico e 2,4mg de ácido docosahexaenóico. Os camundongos receberam 8 (1 vez/semana) ou 24 (3 vezes/semana) inoculações, dependendo do experimento. O grupo controle (n = 5) recebeu tratamento com salina...
Several studies show that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress the immune response and inflammation. Some of the effects of omega-3 are brought about by modulation of the amount and types of eicosanoids made, and other effects are elicited by eicosanoid-in dependent mechanisms, including actions up on intracellular signaling pathways, transcription factor activity and gene expression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral or subcutaneous omega-3 administration in chronic pathological conditions advancing.To determine whether chronic inflammation induced by paraffin implants is altered by w-3 supplementation, six to eight-week-old male Swiss (n = 5)...
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Granuloma , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated , MiceABSTRACT
Apresentamos um caso de um jovem de 16 anos de idade, com queixa de dor epigástrica e vômitos após as alimentaçöes. A gastroscopia evidenciou onde estava situad a lesäo ulcerada com 3,0cm de diâmetro. O diagnóstico histopatológico foi de carcinoma gástrico tipo difuso, com moderada quantidade de células em anel de sinete, PAS positivas. O paciente foi operado quatro semanas após o diagnóstico, com quadro de semi-obstruçäo. A peça apresentava invasäo tumoral no limite superior da resecçäo cirúrgica e em profundidade correspondendo a lesäo ulcerada, comprometendo a serosa. O paciente evoluiu satisfatoriamente bem após a cirurgia permanecendo com restriçäo dietética, voltando a apresentar quadro de semi-obstruçäo, vindo falecer quatro meses depois. A incidência no Ceará da neoplasia gástrica é apresentada. O objetivo principal é chamar atençäo para a possibilidade de diagnóstico desse tipo de neoplasia, em pacientes dessa faixa etária, principalmente em regiöes de média a alta incidência de neoplasia gástrica