ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in elderly patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: We analyzed data from a cohort of patients with advanced HCC treated using systemic treatment according to the local institutional protocol. Patients were divided into two groups, Group A, individuals <70 years of age, and Group B, individuals 70 years of age or older at the time of treatment initiation. Efficacy, measured based on overall survival (OS) and time to treatment failure (TTF), and toxicity were compared between groups. RESULTS: A total of 238 patients with advanced HCC who received sorafenib between 2007 and 2018 were evaluated. The median age for Group A was 59.1 years and that for Group B 73.6 years. The major prognostic characteristics were balanced between the groups. There were no significant differences in OS between Group A (8.0 months, 95%CI 6.34-9.3) and Group B (9.0 months, 95%CI 5.38-12.62), p=0.433, or in TTF between Group A (3.0 months, 95%CI 2.39-3.60) and Group B (3.0 months, 95%CI 1.68-4.32), p=0.936. There were no significant differences between Groups A and B with respect to the incidence of adverse events or treatment discontinuation because of toxicity. CONCLUSION: Efficacy and safety of sorafenib did not differ significantly between younger and older patients with HCC. Our data suggest that age alone should not restrict clinical decision-making for patients with advanced HCC.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy , Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Phenylurea Compounds/adverse effects , Prognosis , Niacinamide/adverse effects , Sorafenib/adverse effectsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The Brazilian Society of Hepatology (SBH) published in 2015 its first recommendations about the management of HCC. Since then, new data have emerged in the literature, prompting the governing board of SBH to sponsor a single-topic meeting in August 2018 in São Paulo. All the invited experts were asked to make a systematic review of the literature reviewing the management of HCC in subjects with cirrhosis. After the meeting, all panelists gathered together for the discussion of the topics and the elaboration of updated recommendations. The text was subsequently submitted for suggestions and approval of all members of the Brazilian Society of Hepatology through its homepage. The present manuscript is the final version of the reviewed manuscript containing the recommendations of SBH.
RESUMO O carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) é uma das principais causas de mortalidade relacionada a câncer no Brasil e no mundo. A Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia (SBH) publicou em 2015 suas primeiras recomendações sobre a abordagem do CHC. Desde então, novas evidências sobre o diagnóstico e tratamento do CHC foram relatadas na literatura médica, levando a diretoria da SBH a promover uma reunião monotemática sobre câncer primário de fígado em agosto de 2018 com o intuito de atualizar as recomendações sobre o manejo da neoplasia. Um grupo de experts foi convidado para realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura e apresentar uma atualização baseada em evidências científicas visando que pudesse nortear a prática clínica multidisciplinar do CHC. O texto resultante foi submetido a avaliação e aprovação de todos membros da SBH através de sua homepage. O documento atual é a versão final que contêm as recomendações atualizadas e revisadas da SBH.
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/therapy , Societies, Medical , Brazil/epidemiology , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/epidemiology , Evidence-Based Medicine , Systematic Reviews as Topic , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology , Neoplasm SeedingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: With the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, DNA sequencing has been increasingly utilized in clinical practice. Our goal was to investigate the impact of genomic evaluation on treatment decisions for heavily pretreated patients with metastatic cancer. METHODS: We analyzed metastatic cancer patients from a single institution whose cancers had progressed after all available standard-of-care therapies and whose tumors underwent next-generation sequencing analysis. We determined the percentage of patients who received any therapy directed by the test, and its efficacy. RESULTS: From July 2013 to December 2015, 185 consecutive patients were tested using a commercially available next-generation sequencing-based test, and 157 patients were eligible. Sixty-six patients (42.0%) were female, and 91 (58.0%) were male. The mean age at diagnosis was 52.2 years, and the mean number of pre-test lines of systemic treatment was 2.7. One hundred and seventy-seven patients (95.6%) had at least one identified gene alteration. Twenty-four patients (15.2%) underwent systemic treatment directed by the test result. Of these, one patient had a complete response, four (16.7%) had partial responses, two (8.3%) had stable disease, and 17 (70.8%) had disease progression as the best result. The median progression-free survival time with matched therapy was 1.6 months, and the median overall survival was 10 months. CONCLUSION: We identified a high prevalence of gene alterations using an next-generation sequencing test. Although some benefit was associated with the matched therapy, most of the patients had disease progression as the best response, indicating the limited biological potential and unclear clinical relevance of this practice.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Genomics/methods , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Neoplasms/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods , Disease Progression , Disease-Free Survival , Genomics/trends , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasms/mortality , Neoplasms/pathology , Precision Medicine/methods , Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors , Reproducibility of Results , Sequence Analysis, DNA/trends , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo a validação da escala de Experiência Sexual do Arizona (ASEX), na versão brasileira, como instrumento capaz de identificar disfunção sexual em mulheres portadoras de neoplasia. Métodos: Foram entrevistadas 64 pacientes do sexo feminino com idade média de 47,5 +- 9,8 anos, sendo a maioria da raça branca (64,1 por cento) e casada (73 por cento). Resultados: A comparação da média do total dos valores da escala ASEX entre as pacientes que declararam ser portadoras de disfunção sexual e aquelas que o negaram resultou numa pontuação de 22,84 +- 3,9 vs. 15,1 +- 2,3 respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos em nosso estudo foram semelhantes aos do estudo original de validação da escala. A sensibilidade e a especificidade da ASEX para a identificação de disfunção sexual (escore >= 19) foram de 92 por cento e 98,4 por cento, respectivamente. A área sob a curva (AUC) foi de 0,96. O valor preditivo positivo (VPP) foi 92 por cento e o valor preditivo negativo (VPN), 94,8 por cento. Conclusão: Esses dados demonstram que, apesar das diferenças metodológicas entre os dois estudos, a versão brasileira da ASEX foi capaz de discriminar as pacientes que apresentam disfunção sexual das que não apresentam de maneira similar ao original em inglês.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Breast Neoplasms , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/diagnosis , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/psychology , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Sexual BehaviorABSTRACT
A consciência de que a prática deve estar fundamentada na postura ética dos profissionais leva à crescente importância de um ensino continuado e aprofundado, que ressalte os valores morais e humanos e o comprometimento social dos estudantes. Buscando adequar-se a esse novo paradigma, estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Bahia aceitaram a sugestão de criação, em novembro de 2000, de um grupo denominado Academética - Associação de Acadêmicos para o estudo da Ética Médica e Bioética. Os objetivos traçados pela equipe são: continuar o contato com o conteúdo da disciplina Ética Médica, aprofundando e atualizando as discussões acerca de Ética Médica e Bioética, e desenvolver trabalhos ligados a este assunto. As discussões de temas são realizadas através do estudo de artigos, vídeos e estímulo à participação dos estudantes em congressos, palestras e afins. Desta forma, a Academética se constitui em mais uma ferramenta para que os alunos durante a graduação na faculdade de Medicina possam desenvolver o senso crítico e conhecimento acerca de assuntos que englobem a Ética Médica e Bioética.