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Hansen. int ; 39(1): 8-21, 2014. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-831057

ABSTRACT

O tratamento da hanseníase pode causar efeitos adversos relacionados à Rifampicina (RMP) ou Dapsona (DDS) levando à mudança no esquema terapêutico. Objetivou-se determinar as causas da mudança do tratamento e avaliar as condições clínicas dermatológicas dos pacientes que fizeram uso da terapêutica alternativa. De 182 pacientes tratados entre 1997-2008, 34 (18,7%) fizeram doses alternativas e 21 foram entrevistados. O perfil foi constituído por casados, de 40 à 59 anos, baixa condição socioeconômica e escolaridade. Os pacientes paucibacilares (PB) e multibacilares (MB) sem o uso de DDS e de RMP tiveram as últimas baciloscopias (BAAR) negativas (>50%), e os resultados positivos dos outros mostrou involução lenta. A forma clínica mais incidente foi a virchowiana nos intolerantes à DDS, e a dimorfa nos sem a RMP. Os efeitos adversos acometeram mais os MB. Nos intolerantes à DDS, a mudança do esquema terapêutico foi relacionada às causas hematológicas (48,5%) e os à RMP, as hepáticas (50%). Na avaliação as placas e nódulos desapareceram. As manchas, dor geral ou localizada em membros, diminuição da sensibilidade e da força muscular com aparecimento de garra móvel foram significativas. A evolução das incapacidades revelou a necessidade de monitorar atentamente a função neural nos casos de alta.


Leprosy treatment can cause adverse effects related to rifampin (RMP) or dapsone (DDS) leading to changes of the therapeutic regimen. The objective was to determine the causes of changes in the treatment and to evaluate the clinical dermatological conditions of patients who underwent alternative therapy. Out of 182 patients treated between 1997- 2008, 34 (18.7%) underwent alternative doses, and 21 were interviewed. The profile of the patients was: married, 40 to 59 years, low socioeconomic and educational status. The latest bacilloscopic index (BI) of paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) patients that did not use DDS and RMP was negative (> 50%), and the positive results observed in the other patients evidenced slow recovery. The most frequent clinical form was lepromatous in patients intolerant to DDS and borderline leprosy in those without RMP. Adverse effects were most commonin MB patients. Intolerance to DDS was related to hematological causes (48.5%), and intolerance to RMP was due to hepatic conditions (50%). Upon evaluation nodules and plaques disappeared. Plaques, generalor localized pain in limbs, reduced sensitivity and muscular strength with the appearance of claw were significant findings. The development of disabilities revealed the need of careful monitoring of the neural function in cases discharged from treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Leprosy/drug therapy , Drug Therapy, Combination/adverse effects , Dapsone/adverse effects , Disease-Free Survival , Rifampin/adverse effects
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