ABSTRACT
La halitosis corresponde a una enfermedad muy prevalente en nuestro medio. Presentando gran importancia en nuestra sociedad actual, debido a los altos estándares de higiene e importancia de la imagen propia, puede traer consecuencias psicológicas importantes a quienes la padecen. Más del 85% de la halitosis se debe a la acción de bacterias anaerobias, quienes a través de la degradación de proteínas producen compuestos llamados CSV, que producen el mal olor. El 98% de las causas de halitosis se debe a enfermedades donde es necesaria la evaluación de profesionales de la salud bucal y otorrinolaringólogos, quienes deben trabajar en conjunto para una recuperación óptima del problema. Las mediciones organolépticas siguen siendo el gold standard. Aquí se presenta un novedoso método de screening medidor, el medidor B/B, el que ha mostrado buenos resultados. Se muestra en esta revisión un algoritmo diagnóstico propuesto en la Revista de Otorrinolaringología de Brasil, quienes recomiendan este protocolo diagnóstico para minimizar costos y optimizar recursos. Permitiendo un tratamiento adecuado y buen pronóstico.
Halitosis is a very prevalent disease in our environment, with great importance in our society, due to the high standards of hygiene and the importance of self-image, it can bring important suffer and psychological consequences. Over 85 % of halitosis is produced by the action of anaerobic bacteria, who through protein degradation produce the liberation of compounds called CSV that produce odor. A 98% of the causes of halitosis are due to diseases where the assessment of oral health professionals and otolaryngologists is important, and who must work together for optimal recovery of the problem. The organoleptic measurements remain the "gold standard." In this review a novel method of screening meter is presented, the meter B/ B, which has shown good results. This papers shown a proposed a ENT diagnostic algorithm, who recommend a diagnostic protocol to minimize costs and optimize resources, allowing proper treatment and good prognosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Halitosis/diagnosis , Halitosis/therapy , Halitosis/etiology , Halitosis/physiopathologyABSTRACT
La halitosis es una afección muy prevalence en la población mundial que genera un gran impacto en la calidad de vida de los pacientes y es un motivo frecuente de consulta en la práctica clínica diaria en otorrinolaringología, presentándonos un gran desafío para el manejo de esta condición. En general se considera que es exclusiva de la odontología, por lo que resulta interesante revisar en este artículo los factores etiológicos involucrados y los avances en diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Halitosis is a very prevalent disease in the world population that generates a great impact on the quality of life of patients and is a frequent complaint in daily clinical practice in otolaryngology, presenting us with a great challenge for the management of this condition. It is generally considered to be exclusive of dentistry, so it is interesting to review in this article the etiological factors involved and advances in diagnosis and treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Halitosis/diagnosis , Halitosis/therapy , Halitosis/etiology , Halitosis/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Echinococcosis is a parasitic disease that involves dogs as definitive host and sheep as intermediate host. Humans become infected incidentally through fecal-oral contact, particularly in the course of playful and close contact with an infected dog. Mexico is considered a region that is virtually free of cystic echinoccocosis. This manuscript describes two cases that were referred to a tertiary-care oncology hospital with a diagnosis of cancer. In one case, the presumptive diagnosis was liver cancer because abdominal ultrasonography revealed a low-density mass in the right hepatic lobe. Drainage was performed and cytologic examination of the fluid showed multiple Echinococcus cyst as well as prostoscolex. The case was resolved with percutaneous drainage and administration of albendazole for two months. In the second case, the patient was referred with a diagnosis of disseminated cervical cancer. A cyst was identified in the upper right lung lobe; a diagnostic puncture was performed showing an Echinococcus cyst. This resolved solely with two months of albendazole administration.
La equinococosis, conocida también como hidatidosis, es una enfermedad parasitaria que comprende a los perros como hospedador definitivo y a las ovejas como huésped intermedio. Los seres humanos se infectan casualmente por contacto feco-oral, particularmente al jugar y estar en estrecho contacto con un perro infectado. México es considerado una región que está prácticamente libre de equinococosis quística. Este trabajo describe dos casos que fueron referidos con un diagnóstico de cáncer a un hospital oncológico de atención terciaria. En un caso, el diagnóstico presuntivo fue cáncer del hígado, porque la ultrasonografía abdominal reveló una masa de baja densidad en el lóbulo hepático derecho. Se hizo un drenaje y el examen citológico del fluido mostró quistes múltiples de equinococos así como la presencia de protoescólex. El caso se resolvió con drenaje percutáneo y administración de albendazol durante dos meses. En el segundo caso, la paciente fue remitida con un diagnóstico de cáncer cervical diseminado. Se identificó un quiste en el lóbulo superior de pulmón derecho. La punción diagnóstica realizada reveló un quiste equinocócico, que se resolvió simplemente con dos meses de administración de albendazol.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Aged , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/diagnosis , MexicoABSTRACT
ATP-diphosphohydrolase (apyrase, EC 3.6.1.5) has both ATPase and ADPase activity that are stimulated by bivalent metais, with Ca2+ being the most effective. The possible physiological function of this enzyme, associated with placental and renal microvilli, is related to the extracellular metabolism of nucleotides. A comparison of the biochemical properties of human placenta and rat kidney apyrase is presented, showing similaiities in Mr, bivalent metal stimulation, nucleotide nonspecificity, insensitivity towards specifjc ATPase inhibitors, and lack of essential sulfhydryl and aliphatic hydroxyl groups. We describe the treatment of membrane preparations from both tissues with different detergents and the isoelectric focusing of the solubilized proteins to partially purify apyrase. An ectoenzyme localization is assigned both in microvillus membranes and in the vasculature on the basis of organ perfusion experiments with nucleotides in the presence of antibodies. Placental and kidney microvillus membranes inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation, in agreement with an extracellular role. Initial studies on enzyme regulation suggested the existence of at least two types of modulatory proteins: an activating protein in the cytosol of both tissues, and an inhibitory protein associated with placental microsomes. Possible hormonal regulation was investigated in kidneys using in vivo estradiol treatment, but only slight changes in total apyrase activity were observed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Rats , Apyrase/metabolism , Kidney/enzymology , Placenta/enzymology , Platelet Aggregation , Apyrase/chemistry , Estradiol/pharmacologyABSTRACT
40 pacientes com dismenorreia primaria foram tratadas com piroxicam durante tres periodos menstruais seguidos, na posologia de 40 mg (dois primeiros dias) seguida de 20 mg (dois dias seguintes) sempre em dose unica diaria. No primeiro periodo de tratamento, 30 pacientes (75%) ou nao sentiram mais dor ou ela foi de leve intensidade. No segundo periodo, este numero elevou-se para 36 pacientes (90%) e no terceiro periodo, para 37 (92,5%) do total de 40 pacientes tratadas. Somente uma paciente (2,5%) apresentou dor de intensidade leve antes do tratamento. Houve diminuicao da severidade com os periodos de tratamento e regressao precoce da dor (a partir da 4a. hora do primeiro dia de tratamento).Os sintomas associados e o indice de absenteismo tambem diminuiram significativamente. Reacoes adversas leves (epigastralgia, pirose etc) em 6 (15%) pacientes. Conclui-se que o piroxicam e medicamento de escolha para o tratamento da dismenorreia primaria
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Female , Dysmenorrhea , ThiazinesSubject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Humans , Renal Circulation , Renin-Angiotensin System , SodiumSubject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Humans , Ambulatory Care , Child Care , Primary Health Care , ChileABSTRACT
Se practicaron 96 manometrias anorrectales en ninos con megacolon. En dieciseis los registros eran compatibles con enfermedad de Hirschsprung:en 12 la biopsia rectal por succion para determinar acetilcolinesterasa corroboro el diagnostico de aganglionosis. En 2 pacientes con manometrias no concluyentes, la actividad acetilcolinesterasica resulto altamente positiva,y en uno de ellos se obtuvo el diagnostico de displasia neuronal colonica mediante el estudio de la deshidrogenasa succinica