ABSTRACT
Objetivo: comparar a estratégia atual de vacinação BCG em Unidade de Saúde com a alternativa de aplicação em maternidades/hospitais no município de Porto Alegre - Rio Grande do Sul. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo de abordagem quantitativa, com base em dados de espelhos dos registros físicos das carteiras de vacinação e dados secundários de sistemas de informação de saúde, relativos ao período 2010 a 2014. Resultados: apenas 3,7% dos nascidos vivos foram vacinados nas primeiras 12 horas de vida, enquanto 50,1% o foram na primeira semana e 22,9% após os 15 dias de vida, aumentando o risco de exposição à tuberculose. Somente 22% das doses distribuídas às unidades de saúde foram aplicadas indicando elevado desperdício de doses e recursos financeiros. Conclusão: a estratégia de aplicação da BCG em Unidade de Saúde não corresponde à melhor alternativa de vacinação para o município sugerindo-se, portanto, a aplicação ainda na maternidade/hospital de nascimento.
Objective: To compare the current BCG vaccination strategy in Health Units with the alternative of application in maternity/hospitals in the city of Porto Alegre - Rio Grande do Sul. Methodology: This is a quantitative study based on mirror data from physical records of vaccination cards and secondary data from health information systems from 2010 to 2014. Results: Only 3.7% of live births were vaccinated in the first 12 hours of life, while 50.1% were in the first week, and 22.9% after 15 days of life, increasing the risk of exposure to tuberculosis. Only 22% of the doses distributed to the health units were applied, indicating high waste of doses and financial resources. Conclusion: The strategy of BCG application in Health Units does not correspond to the best vaccination alternative for the city, suggesting, therefore, the application still in the maternity/hospital of birth.
Subject(s)
TuberculosisABSTRACT
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVO: Infecções associadas a serviços de saúde representam maior morbimortalidade e custo, além de contribuírem em até 50% dos óbitos hospitalares. Serviços de Controle de Infecções Hospitalares possuem um papel importante na promoção da segurança dos pacientes, uma vez que atividades de vigilância são uma importante ferramenta do processo decisório de cuidado de pacientes. O presente estudo visou caracterizar o dimensionamento e as atividades realizadas pelos Serviços de Controle de Infecções Hospitalares. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo transversal, no qual foram visitados os 25 hospitais de Porto Alegre (RS), os quais foram caracterizados quanto a complexidade, capacidade instalada e atividades de controle de infecção realizadas. RESULTADOS: Os hospitais apresentaram características assistenciais de serviços especializados, entretanto parcela importante dos serviços encontrava-se subdimensionada em relação à legislação vigente, não realizando, muitas vezes, atividades de prevenção e controle de infecções associadas a serviços de saúde, consagradas na literatura. CONCLUSÃO: Foi identificado um cenário de inadequação à legislação vigente, mostrando dados que sugerem necessidade de revisão dos requisitos legais que regem a formação dos Serviços de Controle de Infecções Hospitalares no Brasil.
Background and Objective: The healthcare-associated infections represent morbi-mortality, costs and can be related to up to 50% of deaths that take place in hospitals. Infection Control Services have a central role in patient safety because surveillance actions are very important to support decision-making during patient care. This study aimed at characterizing the dimension of, and activities performed by Hospital Infection Control Services. Methods: Cross-sectional study that visited 25 hospitals in the city of Porto Alegre (state of Rio Grande doSul, Brazil). The hospitals were characterized in terms of complexity, capacity and infection control activities performed. Results: The hospitals have high complexity; however, a great number of Infection Control Services are under-dimensioned regarding current legislation, and do not perform some actions of prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections, as stated in literature. Conclusion: We found inadequacy to legislation, suggesting the need for reviewing legal requirements that regulate Infection Control Services in Brazil.
Subject(s)
Cross Infection , Infection ControlABSTRACT
Background: Over the last decade, Acinetobacter baumannii has been an important cause of nosocomial infections worldwide.Aim: To assess clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients during a large citywide outbreak of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB). Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study that evaluated the information obtained from the official notification system for CRAB within the Municipal Health Department, Porto Alegre, Brazil, in the period of July 1st, 2007 to December 31st,2008.Results: A total of 1,260 CRAB from infection (608 [48.3%]) or colonization (652[51.7%]) were reported in 18 hospitals. Most patients (53.5%) were hospitalized at intensive care units and have been exposed to invasive procedures, but 757 (60.7%)patients had no underlying comorbidity reported. A total of 1,143 (90.7%) patients received some antimicrobial 90 days before CRAB detection and 36.4% received a carbapenem. Data on the outcome were available for 618 (49.0%) patients and 54.3% of them died. Infection was significantly more common in patients admitted to public hospitals; with trauma, with exposure to antibiotics in the previous 90 days, and in patients submitted to invasive procedures. Conclusion: This study suggests that in the context of an outbreak, baseline comorbidities and previous carbapenem exposure may be less important risk factors for CRAB infection/colonization.