ABSTRACT
En este trabajo se analizan los factores que han desencadenado la progresiva desestructuración de los hábitos alimentarios y los nuevos imperativos socioculturales que están dañando seriamente el bienestar de los consumidores en España. Se muestra cómo se ha producido un descenso del consumo de los alimentos considerados esenciales para una buena alimentación y un aumento de los que perjudican la salud. Así, el consumo de cereales, arroz, legumbres y vino ha descendido de forma muy significativa, mientras que el consumo de carne, leche y sus derivados, y aceites ha crecido de forma notable. Además, se han modificado y diversificado las maneras de comer al adaptarse a las nuevas limitaciones impuestas por las transformaciones producidas en una sociedad cada vez más industrializada. Al final se presenta una serie de conclusiones y recomendaciones para lograr tener hábitos alimenticios saludables.
This study analyzes the factors that have triggered a gradual deterioration of eating habits and the new social and cultural imperatives that have seriously undermined the well-being of Spanish consumers. It shows that consumption of basic food products to ensure good nutrition has declined, while consumption of unhealthy food products has increased. The consumption of cereals, rice, legumes and wine has significantly declined; meat, milk, dairy products and fat consumption has substantially increased. Moreover, eating habits have changed and diversified, adapting to new constraints imposed by an increasingly industrialized society. Conclusions and recommendations for acquiring healthy eating habits are presented at the end of the paper.
Subject(s)
Humans , Diet/trends , Feeding Behavior , Health , Diet/adverse effects , Diet/economics , Food Packaging , Food Preferences , Food Supply , Food Technology/trends , Food, Organic , Health Promotion , Legislation, Food , Nutrition Policy , SpainABSTRACT
A 90 mujeres con sobrepeso y obesidad del área de atracción del Programa de Atención Integral en Salud, PAIS, se les midió la tasa metabólica basal por calorimetría indirecta y se les evaluó tanto el nivel de actividad física como la ingesta de energía y macronutrientes. Se observó una correlación positiva entre el Indice de Masas Corporal y la tasa metabólica basal de estas mujeres. Aunque se encontró diferencia significativa entre el gasto metabólico basal estimado por la ecuación de Harris-Benedict y el gasto metabólico basal medido por calorimetría indirecta, no se encontró diferencia significativa en el total de energía expedida obtenida por ambos métodos. En estas pacientes con sobrepeso no se encontró diferencia significativa entre el gasto energético total y la ingesta energética diaria obtenida, lo que sugiere un estado de equilibrio energético adaptado a la nueva condición de fisiológica. Según la distribución de macronutrientes fue la grasa la que excedió la recomendación dietética diaria.
A group of 90 women with overweight and obesity, residing in the area covered by the Program for Integral Attention in Health (PAIS) participated in this study. The following measurements were made: basal metabolic rate by indirect calorimetry, level of physical activity and intake of energy and macronutrients. There was a positive correlation between Body Mass Index and the basal metabolic rate for these women. Although a significant difference was found between the average basal metabolic expenditure of the group, as estimated by the Harris-Benedict equation and average basal metabolic expenditure as measured by indirect calorimetry, there was no significant difference between total energy expenditure as estimated by both methods. No significant difference was found between average energy expenditure and average energy intake for these women, suggesting a state of energy balance which is an adaption to the new physiological condition. According to the distribution of macronutrients, fat intake exceeded nutritional recommendations.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Basal Metabolism , Energy Metabolism , Nutritional Sciences , Nutritional Requirements , Obesity , Costa RicaABSTRACT
This study shows that 10% of Panamanian women are infected with VPH. This incidence of premalign and malign infection is one of the highest in the world. It is necessary that panamanian women be educated to participate in the program of the early detection of the disease to control the incidence of cancer in the uterine cervix