Perfil de isolamento microbiano em cães com otite média e externa associadas / Profile of microorganisms isolated from dogs with associated media and extern otitis

Comparou-se o perfil de isolamento microbiano de amostras coletadas de cães com otite média (OM) e externa (OE) associadas. Sessenta e quatro cães com otite média e externa foram avaliados durante 10 meses. Amostras dos condutos auditivos externos foram coletadas com auxílio de swabs estéreis e aquelas do ouvido médio pela técnica cirúrgica da osteotomia da bula timpânica. Os microrganismos foram cultivados e identificados de acordo com os métodos previamente descritos, e a susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos avaliada pelo método de difusão em ágar estabelecido pelo National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Bactérias anaeróbias estritas não foram isoladas em qualquer amostra. Todas as amostras de OE mostraram crescimento bacteriano e/ou fúngico. Na OM, a positividade nas culturas foi de 48 por cento. Os microrganismos mais isolados na OE foram: Bacillus sp. (26,9 por cento), M. pachydermatis (22,2 por cento) e S. intermedius (21,7 por cento); na OM foram: S. intermedius (32,5 por cento), S. aureus subsp. aureus (22,5 por cento) e bacilos Gram-negativos não fermentadores (10,0 por cento). Observou-se alguma diferença no perfil de isolamento entre os quadros de OM e OE em 96,7 por cento dos animais. Verificou-se elevada resistência de cepas de S. intermedius à penicilina G, ampicilina, eritromicina, tetraciclina e clindamicina.

The isolation pattern of samples collected from dogs with both media (OM) and extern otitis (OE) was compared. Sixty-four dogs suffering from those conditions were studied over a 10-month period. Samples from the external ear were collected with sterile swabs while those from the middle ear were collected by osteotomy of the tympanic bulla. The microorganisms were cultured and identified according to methods previously described and to the susceptibility of antimicrobials according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards agar diffusion test. Anaerobic bacteria were not isolated in any sample. All samples from OE showed bacterial and/or fungal growth. Concerning media otitis, this percentage was 48 percent. The most common microorganisms isolated from OE were Bacillus sp. (26.9 percent), M. pachydermatis (22.2 percent) and S. intermedius (21.7 percent) and those from OM were S. intermedius (32.5 percent), S. aureus subsp. aureus (22.5 percent) and non-fermentative Gram-negative rods (10.0 percent). Some difference was observed in the isolation pattern between media and extern otitis in 96.7 percent of the animals. High resistance rates of S. intermedius strains to penicillin G, ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline and clindamycin were found.

Onychomycosis in Ceará (Northeast Brazil): epidemiological and laboratory aspects

Knowledge of epidemiological and mycological characteristics of onychomycosis has been noted by many authors as being an important tool for control of these fungal infections. This study seeks to improve knowledge of onychomycosis epidemiology and mycological features. Samples were taken from infected fingernails and toenails of 976 patients undergoing treatment at a respected Dermatology Center in Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Specimens from 512 patients (52 percent) were positive for onychomycosis. From the culture-positive samples, yeasts of the genus Candida (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis) were dominant. The dermatophytes isolated (Trichophyton rubrum, T. tonsurans, T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes) were dominant in 46 patients (12.99 percent). The mould Fusarium spp. was isolated from 29 patients (8.19 percent). Yeast of the genus Candida is the main causal factor in onychomycosis in our region. Also, the study showed the importance of performing direct examination and culture in diagnosis of onychomycosis.

Dermatophytes and saprobe fungi isolated from dogs and cats in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil

The possible involvement of saprobe fungi in dermatomycoses, as well as the determination of the incidence of dermatophytes in dogs and cats were studied. During a period of one year, 74 dogs and 18 cats, with cutaneous lesions suggesting mycoses were included in this study. The mycological analyses were conducted by direct microscopy and by fungal culture on Sabouraud agar, chloramphenicol Sabouraud agar and mycosel agar. Of the 92 samples, 21 resulted in positive cultures for dermatophytes. Dematophyte fungi pure cultures were obtained from 13 samples. A simultaneous growth of dermatophytes plus saprobe fungi was observed in 8 of the samples. Of the remaining 71 samples, no fungal growth was observed in 10 samples, and at minimum the growth of one saprobe fungi in 61. One, two and three genera of saprobe were isolated in 29, 30 and 2 samples, respectively. Microsporum canis was isolated in 6 (28.6 per cent) and 10 samples (47.6 per cent) from cats and dogs, respectively, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in 2 (9.5 per cent) and 3 samples (14.3 per cent) from cats and dogs, respectively. The following genera of saprobe fungi were also isolated: Alternaria sp (1.9 per cent), Chaetomium sp (1.9 per cent), Rhizopus sp (2.9 per cent), Curvularia sp (3.9 per cent), Candida sp (6.8 per cent), Trichoderma sp (6.8 per cent), Fusarium sp (7.8 per cent), Cladosporium sp (8.7 per cent), Penicillium sp (21.4 per cent) and Aspergillus sp (37.9 per cent)