ABSTRACT
Background: Among women, breast cancer is the leading cause of death due to cancer worldwide. Aim: To describe the epidemiology of breast cancer mortality in Chilean women by age, time trend and explore its ecological association with socio-demographic variables. Material and Methods: Descriptive study of age specific death rates (2009-2013), and time trend analysis of crude mortality rates (1995-2013) using RiskDiff analysis. Additionally, time trend analysis of age specific death rates was done using Jointpoint regression. The relationship between county mortality risk and socio-demographic variables in the period 2001-2008 was done through an ecological analysis. Socio-demographic variables were: education, income, occupation, housing and living in rural areas. Results: Breast cancer mortality in Chilean women increases with age, with a sharp increase from 80 years old on. In the 1995-2013 period the increase in the crude death rate was 21.8%, this increment was due to changes in demographic structure (43.4%) and decrease in risk (21.7%). The county relative risk of breast cancer mortality is positively associated with education level and negatively associated with living in rural areas. Conclusions: The risk of dying from breast cancer in women has decreased in the period 1995-2013. Nonetheless, the crude death rate has increased in the same period. At an ecological level (counties), breast cancer mortality in Chile is associated with a higher socioeconomic status, measured by educational level and living in rural areas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Chile/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Age DistributionABSTRACT
El osteoma lingual (coristoma óseo lingual) es una alteración del desarrollo poco común, con menos de 100 casos reportados mundialmente. La localización más frecuente de esta lesión es la cara dorsal de la lengua. Su etiología no es completamente clara. Debido a su escasa incidencia, reportamos un nuevo caso, en una paciente de sexo femenino de 12 años de edad. En este artículo también se revisará la epidemiología, histología y patogénesis de esta condición.
Lingual osteoma (lingual osseous choristoma) is a rare condition, with fewer than 100 cases reported. The most common location of this lesion is the dorsal surface of the tongue. Because of its low incidence, we present a new case that occurred in a 12 years old woman. This article also review the epidemiology, histology and pathogenesis of this condition.