ABSTRACT
BackgroundIn the worldwide, each year registered about 357 million new cases of sexual transmitted diseases.39 % of all infectious diseases were STI diseases in Mongolia in 2013 and which also 56.8 % of totalinfectious diseases Dornod province.ObjectiveTo investigate sexual transmitted diseases among the population of Dornod province and its commonrisk-factors.Materials and MethodsIn the survey were chosen 600 persons which is aged from 15 to 64 by random selection methodand divided into 6 cluster and each cluster had 100 persons. In the survey attended 300 male, 300female.ResultsThe survey respondents were married 59.1%, 50.7% of the employed, and 49.3% of the unemployed.2,1% of the survey population has already been tried drug abuse, but in the group of age 15-24,indicate level of the knowledge about drug abusing is very low which is 29,4%, a little or less knowabout drug abusing 35,6%, not know about drug abusing 35%. In other hand beverage usage levelwas very high which is 67% and 51,3% is using an alcohol in the last year constantly.Examination of specialized doctors 38.3% were suspected of sexual transmitted infections. Theyincluded laboratory testing.The 4.9 percent of total respondents had sexually transmitted diseases. It were syphilis 57.1%,gonorrhea 10.2%, trichomonasis 6.1%.The 83 percent of total respondents had sexual intercourse. The average age of first sexualintercourse was 18 ± 1 (95% CI 16.8 - 19.1), 7.1% had two or more sexual partners. Men had toused alcohol while sexual intercourse was 32.1 percent. Women were 49.2 percent and 38.5 percentof people infected with sexually transmitted diseases not use condoms during sexual intercourse.Conclusion1. One in 20 people surveyed, women aged 15-24 and men aged 35-44 have sexual transmissioninfection.2. Risk factors are had two or more sexual partners, had to used alcohol while sexual intercourseand using condoms during sex with casual partners are not enough.
ABSTRACT
Mongolian blue spots are birthmarks that are present at birth and their most common location issacrococcygeal or lumbar area. There are macular and round, oval or irregular in shape. Lesionsmay be single or multiple. They usually spontaneously regress and disappear during childhood.The prevalence of Mongolian blue spots varies among different ethnic groups according to theoverall depth of pigmentation. Mongolian blue spots are common among Asian, East Indian, andAfrican races, but rare among Caucasian and other races. Mongolian blue spot is a congenital,developmental condition exclusively involving the skin. Mongolian blue spot results from entrapmentof melanocytes in the dermis during their migration from the neural crest into the epidermis. Thismigration is regulated by exogenous peptide growth factors that work by the activation of tyrosinekinase receptors. It is postulated that accumulated metabolites such as GM1and heparin sulfatebind to this tyrosine kinase receptor and lead to severe neurologic manifestations and aberrantneural crest migration.
ABSTRACT
BackgroundThe mandibular canal passes the interior mandibular from the mandibular foramen to the mental foramen, involving the inferior alveolar artery and inferior alveolar nerve. The location and configuration of mandibular canal variations are important in surgical procedures involving the mandible, such as extraction of an impacted third molar, dental implant treatment, and sagittal split ramus osteotomy.Purpose: Determine the case of the inferior alveolar nerve branching by the panoramic radiography.Materials and Methods: Especially chosen 384 (768 mandibular canal) digital panoramic radiographies of 147 males and 237 females aged above 5, who were attended the radiology cabinet of Dentistry, HSUM, in 2005-2010.Inclusion criteria:• With clear view of the mandibular canal ramus types.• No injury in mandibular, its ramus, no pathology, no operated. Radiographies of people aged above 5.The digital panoramic radiographies of mandible and maxilla were observed by l-VIEW 2D software of VERAVIEWEPOCS apparatus, MORITAcorp., Japan.Results: The 6.6% (51) case of bifid mandibular canal was determined by the panoramic radiography. Mandibular canal branching was defined in 24 males, 27 females; right mandibular canal branching was in 45.1% (23) cases, in the left - 54.9% (28). Mandibular canal bifid canal-78,4% (40), double canal-3,9% (2), trifid canal-2% (1), type with 2 foramen mandibular -15,7% (8). We classified the mandibular canal ramus by the Langlais: on the right side - Langlais I-8, Langlais II-6, Langlais III-5, Langlais IV-3, the leftside - Langlais 1-11, Langlais II-4, Langlais III-6, Langlais IV-4. 20 cases of bifid canal was detected at age 5-20, 26 cases - at 21-35 , 4 cases - at 36-55, 1 case - at 56-65, and there was no any bifid canal after 66.Conclusions:1. A total of 6,6% of the radiographs studied in the present study demonstrated mandibular canal variations. No difference in the prevalence of variations was observed in relations to age, gender and side of the jaw.2. Mandibular canals were classified as Langlais et al types; type I was dominated (19), Langlais IV - rare case (7).3. In accordance with the study the 21-35 aged persons have more (26) mandibular canal types, and for the people aged 56-65 it was rare case (1).