ABSTRACT
Aim: Oxidative stress is responsible for the development of different neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the present study, Hoya parasitica variegata belonging to the family Apocynaceae was evaluated for its cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities with an objective of searching a new natural source to treat different neurological disorders. Study Design: The methanolic extract of H. parasitica was subjected for in-vitro evaluation which included antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh, from July to December 2016. Methodology: The cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities were assessed by total phenol content, flavonoid content, total antioxidant, iron reducing power capacity, DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, lipid peroxidation inhibition, metal chelating activity as well as acetylcholinestrase (AChE) and butyrylcholinestrase (BChE) inhibitory activities. Results: Total phenolic and flavonoid content of the extract were 53.31 mg of gallic acid and 129.88 mg of quercetin equivalent respectively. The methanolic extract of H. parasitica (MEHP) showed considerable total antioxidant activity and reducing capacity. In DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, the MEHP showed IC50 of 485 μg/mL and 39.65 μg/mL respectively. In lipid peroxidation inhibition activity MEHP showed IC50 value of 857.63 μg/mL and exhibited metal chelating activity with IC50 value 961.21 μg/mL. The MEHP represented inhibition of bovine brain acetylcholinesterase and human blood butyrylcholinesterase and the IC50 value was 269.5 μg/mL and 343.14 μg/mL respectively. Conclusion: The results obtained from present study revealed that MEHP has considerable amount of antioxidant activity as well as anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity suggesting its potential use in different neurological disorders such as AD.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Youngia japonica (YJA), belonging to the family asteraceae, exhibits strong antiallergic, antioxidant and antitumor activities. The present study was carried out to assess the antioxidant potentials, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and CNS depressant activities of different fractions of YJA plant extracts. Study Design: For the purpose of this experiment the different plant extracts were subjected for an in-vitro and in-vivo study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out on March 2015 in the Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: The antioxidant capacity of ethyl acetate (EA), pet ether (PET) and chloroform(CLF) extracts of YJA were investigated for free radical scavenging activity using DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. Total antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of different extracts were determined spectroscopically. Analgesic activity was evaluated by using acetic acid induced writhing, formalin test and eddy’s hot plate method. Extracts of YJA were also investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan induced hind paw edema model. The CNS depressant activity was evaluated by hole cross test. Results: In DPPH scavenging assay, CLF exhibited the highest DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 9.70 μg/ml). In case of hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, EA extracts showed the most significant activity (IC50 15.09 µg/ml). This result was in line up with the total phenolic content where EA extracts possessed the highest amount of it (43.92 mg of GAE / gm. of dried extract). Moreover, the highest total antioxidant activity was also found in EA fraction (109.30 GAE/gm of dried sample) that rationalizes the previous outcome. All fractions significantly (p<0.01) reduced the writhing and the number of licking in a dose dependent manner (100 and 200 mg/kg). The Extracts also showed significant (p<0.001) inhibition of carrageenan induced paw edema. A statistically significant (p<0.001) decrease in locomotor activity was also observed. Conclusion: The result demonstrates that the YJA has appreciable antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and CNS depressant activities.