ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Opioids can produce potent antinociceptive effects by interacting with local opioid receptors in inflamed peripheral tissue. However, reports on pain relief with intra-articular morphine after arthroscopic knee operations are conflicting. In this study we examined the analgesic effects of the intraarticular administration of morphine after knee surgery. METHODS: In a double-blind, randomized trial, we studied 26 patients who had received one of two injections at the end of surgery. The patients in group M(n=11) received 3 mg of morphine intraarticularly; those in group P(n=15), saline 20 ml intraarticularly as a placebo. RESULTS: Patients in the morphine group had significantly lower pain scores throughout the 24-h postoperative period compared with those in the placebo group(P<0.05). There was less requirement for supplementary analgesics in the morphine group. CONCLUSIONS: Low doses of intraarticular morphine can significantly reduce pain after knee surgery without any systemic side effect.
Subject(s)
Humans , Analgesics , Analgesics, Opioid , Knee , Morphine , Postoperative Period , Receptors, OpioidABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It has been known that a reversal of usual relationship between aortic and radial artery pressures(RAP) can occur in adult patients following cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). The phenomenon of a pressure gradient between RAP and femoral artery pressure(FAP) were evaluated in pediatric patients before and after CPB. METHODS: 141 perdiatric patients undergoing open heart surgery were allocated into 2 groups. Group 1(n=77): infant's body weight was below 10kg. Group 2(n=64): child's body weight was between 10 and 20kg. After induction of anesthesia RAP was measured through 22G(1 inch) or 24G(3/4 inch) catheters and FAP was measured through 20G(2 inch) or 22G(1 inch) catheters using calibrated transducers. Hematocrit, rectal and nasopharyngeal temperature and left atrial pressure(LAP) were recorded 10 min after induction, immediately, l5, 30 and 60 min after CPB. Values are expressed as mean+/-SD and analysed using paired and unpaired t-test; p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULT: Systolic femoral arterial pressure(SFAP) was higher than radial arterial pressure(SRAP) before CPB in both groups. After CPB, the pressure gradient persisted in group 2 but was reversed with statistical significance in group l. CONCLUSION: When hypotension occurs during cardiac surgery, a comparison is recommended between radial and femoral or aortic pressure before treatment for hypotension is contemplated.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Anesthesia , Arterial Pressure , Blood Pressure , Body Weight , Catheters , Femoral Artery , Heart , Hematocrit , Hypotension , Radial Artery , Thoracic Surgery , TransducersABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It has been known that a reversal of usual relationship between aortic and radial artery pressures(RAP) can occur in adult patients following cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). The phenomenon of a pressure gradient between RAP and femoral artery pressure(FAP) were evaluated in pediatric patients before and after CPB. METHODS: 141 perdiatric patients undergoing open heart surgery were allocated into 2 groups. Group 1(n=77): infant's body weight was below 10kg. Group 2(n=64): child's body weight was between 10 and 20kg. After induction of anesthesia RAP was measured through 22G(1 inch) or 24G(3/4 inch) catheters and FAP was measured through 20G(2 inch) or 22G(1 inch) catheters using calibrated transducers. Hematocrit, rectal and nasopharyngeal temperature and left atrial pressure(LAP) were recorded 10 min after induction, immediately, l5, 30 and 60 min after CPB. Values are expressed as mean+/-SD and analysed using paired and unpaired t-test; p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULT: Systolic femoral arterial pressure(SFAP) was higher than radial arterial pressure(SRAP) before CPB in both groups. After CPB, the pressure gradient persisted in group 2 but was reversed with statistical significance in group l. CONCLUSION: When hypotension occurs during cardiac surgery, a comparison is recommended between radial and femoral or aortic pressure before treatment for hypotension is contemplated.