ABSTRACT
Introducción: Una de las complicaciones de la orquiepidédimitis (OE) aguda al largo plazo es la infertilidad secundaria a la atrofia testicular y el deterioro de la espermatogénesis. Los mecanismos fisiopatológicas exactos a través de los cuales la infección deteriora la espermatogénesis aún no están claros. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la OE por Escherichia coli uropatógena (ECUP) sobre parámetros específicos de la espermatogénesis y esteroidogénesis. Materiales y método: El estudio incluyó 40 ratas Wistar macho. Post anestesia general se realizó una incisión escrotal media con posterior exposición de ambos epidídimos y conductos deferentes. Mediante la punción con una aguja 27G en el conducto deferente a un centímetro del epidídimo se inyectaron 50 ul de suspensión ECUP (10x6 UFC/ml) (grupo infectados) o suero fisiológico (grupo control). Las ratas fueron divididas en 4 grupos de 10 animales cada uno: el primer grupo infectado (n= 10) y control (n= 10) fue sacrificado a los 7 días y el segundo grupo infectado (n= 10) y control (n= 10) fue sacrificado a los 30 días post inoculación. Resultados: Respecto de los controles los animales infectados tuvieron menor (p< 0,05): concentración espermática (promedio +/- ds: 7 días = 100,2 +/- 56,8 vs 249,8 +/- 111,6; 30 días= 20,7 +/- 38,3 vs 75,3 +/- 98,7 millones/grm tejido en cola epidídimo); y mayor (p< 0,05): (i) degeneración del epitelio germinal e infiltración celular inflamatoria a los 30 días, y (ii) número de células espermatogénicas apoptóticas (índice apoptótico)detectadas por prueba de TUNEL a los 7 y a los 30 días. El ensayo inmunohistoquímico antivimentina reveló que las células apoptóticas dentro de los túbulos seminíferos fueron casi exclusivamente células germinales y no de Sertoli. No se observaron diferencias significativas en los niveles plasmáticos de testosterona entre el grupo infectado y control a los siete y treinta días de ser inyectados. Conclusiones: La OE aguda provocada...
Introduction: In the long term, one of the complications of epidydimo-orchitis (EO) is infertility due to testicular atrophy. The exact pathophisiologic mechanisms for impairment of spermatogenesis are not clear Objective: To evaluate the impact of infection by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) on spermatogenesis and stereoidogenesis. Materials and method: The study included 40 Wistar male rats. Under general anesthesia a mid scrotal incision was performed. Both epidydimis and vas deferens were exposed. Using a 27G needle, 50 ul of either UPEC suspension (10x6 CFU/ml) or saline were injected. Rats were divided into 4 groups: the first study group (n =10) and controls ( n=10) were sacrificed at 7 days; the second study group (n =10) and controls (n =10) were sacrificed at 30 days post inoculation.Results: Compared to controls, infected animals had lower sperm concentration (p <0.05). The average +/- SD at 7 days was 100.2 +/- 56.8 vs 249.8 +/- 111.6 millions/gram of tissue from the tail of the epidydimis. At 30 days the results were 20.7 +/- 38.3 vs 75.3 +/- 98.7. The study group had more degeneration of germinal epithelium and inflammation at 30 days. The apoptotic index studied by TUNEL test at 7 and 30 days was higher. Immunohistochemistry with anti vimentin antibodies revealed that the apoptotic cells within seminifirous tubules were almost exclusively germ cells and not Sertoli cells. No significant differences on testosterone plasma levels between the study and control groups were found at 7 or 30 days post injection. Conclusions: Acute EO caused by retrograde inoculation of UPEC in rats generates a significant decrease in sperm concentration. This effect is secondary between others to an impairment of sperm activity at the seminiferous tubules generated by an increased apoptotic index of the sperm cells. The effect of EO on testosterone production seems irrelevant in the clinical setting.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Epididymitis/complications , Escherichia coli , Spermatogenesis , Orchitis/complications , TestosteroneABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Complications following scorpion sting are common in India and can be fatal. Stroke following scorpion sting is a rare complication and can occur by various mechanisms such as hypertension, hypotension, DIC, myocarditis and venom-induced vasculitis. We present a rare case of extensive cerebellar infarction following scorpion sting, which has rarely been reported in medical literature. OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical profile of two patients presenting with an acute onset of cerebellar symptoms following a scorpion sting. To evaluate the possible causes of the stroke and to study the relation of their symptoms to the scorpion sting. METHODS: Two young women presented with a history of acute onset of dysarthria, ataxia and incoordination following scorpion sting. They did not have any known risk factors for stroke. They had cerebellar type of dysarthria and cerebellar signs on both sides along with incoordination. A CT-scan of the brain showed bilateral extensive cerebellar infarctions. They were investigated for other causes of stroke without any positive results. With treatment the patients made a gradual but complete recovery. CONCLUSION: Since there was no evidence of hypertension, hypotension, myocarditis or disseminated intravascular coagulation, we can conclude that the patients had suffered a thrombotic stroke caused by the vasculotoxic action of the scorpion venom.