Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cases with liver cirrhosis

Objective: To determine the frequency of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis [SBP] in cases with liver cirrhosis

Study design: Cross-sectional study

Place of study: Department of Medicine, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore

Period of study: From March 2016 to November 2016

Methodology: In this study there were total 100 cases included of liver cirrhosis of both genders with age range of 12 to 70 years. Cirrhosis was labelled depending upon the ultrasonography findings of decreased liver size, parenchymal changes with or without portal vein dilatation with deranged liver functions. SBP was labelled where the ascites albumin gradient was more than 1.1 with TLC count more than 500 with neutrophils more than 250/ml

Results: In the present study there were total 100 cases of liver cirrhosis. There were 69 [69%] males and 31 [31%] females. The mean age of the cases was 49.21+/-8.14 years. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was seen in 40 [40%] of the cases. There was no significant different in term of duration of cirrhosis with p= 0.98. SBP was seen in 32 [47.05%] in child pugh class C and 08 [33.33%] in class B with p= 0.04

Conclusion: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is seen in almost half of the cases of liver cirrhosis and is significantly associated with child pugh class C

Raised homocysteine level in ischemic stroke

Objectives: To determine the frequency of raised homocysteine level in ischemic stroke

Methodology: This was a cross sectional study. This was carried out at Department of Medicine, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore during March 2016 to November 2016. The 100 cases of either gender falling in the age range of 40-80 years were included. ischemic infarct was labeled on the basis of hypodense area on CT brain. Raised homocysteine level was labeled when the levels were more than 15 Mumol/L

Results: In the present study there were total 100 cases of ischemic stroke, there were 60 [60%] males and 40 [40%] females. The mean age of the cases was 52.34+/- 6.57 years. Raised homocysteine levels was seen in 60 [60%] of the cases. It was seen more in females affecting 24 [63.15%] cases with p= 0.48. It was near significantly high in age group 60-80 years where it was seen in 34 [65.38%] of cases with p= 0.09

Conclusion: Ischemic stroke is one of the fatal complication of raised homocysteine levels and it is near significantly associated with higher age