ABSTRACT
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important pathogen isolated from various clinical samples. It continues to cause complication in nosocomial infections
Objective: To determine the prevalence and antibiotics resistance pattern of P.aeruginosa isolated from a clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study. A total of hundred clinical samples comprising urine, pus, blood and wound swabs were collected from ICU and burn unit, surgical ward, medical ward and OPD of Sheikh Zayed Medical College/Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. These samples were cultured on MacConkey and Blood agar. Urine was cultured on CLED agar. Plates were aerobically incubated at 35-37 [degree sign]C. Positive cultures were identified by culture characteristics and biochemical reactions. Antimicrobial resistance of all isolated bacteria was done by the disk diffusion testing. Pure culture was obtained then inoculated on Nutrient agar plate using disks of amoxicillin: clavulanic acid, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, imipenem, piperacillin tazobactam and gentacin. After 24 hrs incubation plates were examined to read the inhibition zones
Results: From these samples Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from urine [17%], pus [26%], blood [9%] and wound swab [48%]. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed resistance against Piperacillin Tazobactam [99%], Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid 91%, Tigecycline 89%, Amikacin 83% and Ceftazidime 79%
Conclusion: Our Study showed that P. Aeruginosa, is the common microorganisms isolated resistance pattern is against common antibiotics. To cope with antimicrobial resistance against critically ill patients with pseudomonas infections it is necessary to follow firm antibiotic policies and SOPs while implementation of surveillance programmes for MDR bacteria and infection control and prevention procedures are needed
ABSTRACT
To estimate the prevalence of low birth weight infants born in GMC hospital Ajman [JAN 2011-DEC 2013] and identify the maternal and fetal risk factors for the low birth weight. A record based study was done in Gulf Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Ajman UAE. The study included records of all neonates born with low birth weight in GMC Hospital from Jan 2011-Dec 2012. Tool for data collection was prepared and content validated by subject experts from department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Community medicine; the tool included maternal and fetal factors. Data was collected after getting approval from ethics committee. All the data obtained was then entered into Excel spread sheet and analyzed using SPSS 20 software. The frequency of low birth weight [LBW] was approximately 20/1000 live births of which 96% were low birth weight and 4% very low birth weight. A high percentage of LBW babies were born to women of the group 20-34 years and most of them were unemployed. Of the mothers who had a low birth weight baby 47% had 3-5 children, 35% had previous abortions, 47% had anemia, 41% hypertension and 25% had ante partum hemorrhage. 71.7% of LBW were preterm and most of them were a result of a single birth, 12% of the LBW babies were born with some disability and 47% required admission in an NICU. Mode of delivery was by Caesarian-section in 58% of the deliveries. Interventions to improve care during pregnancy, childbirth and the post natal period as well as feeding are likely to improve the immediate and longer -term health and well-being of the newborn and have a significant impact on neonatal and infant mortality at a population level
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Tertiary Care Centers , Fetus , Mothers , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
One year prospective study was evaluated to ascertain the prevalence of nasal carriage of potentially pathogenic bacteria in health care workers and the antibiotic susceptibility profile. The bacterial strains were identified by conventional method and the antibiotic resistance was carried out by disc diffusion method. The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative staphylococci and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus were 48%, 46% and 14% respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of these isolates revealed that Staphylococcus aureus were more resistant towards antibiotics than coagulase negative staphylococci. The most effective antibiotic for S. aureus was found to be vancomycin with 100% efficacy, then cephalothin 92%, ciprofloxacin 91%, amikacin 77% and erythromycin 55%, ampicillin 11% and penicillin 3%. Coagulase negative staphylococci were 100% sensitive to vancomycin and cephalothin. Oxacillin showed 78% effectiveness; while ampicillin and penicillin, demonstrated 64% a nd 59% respectively. Doxycycline [93%], amikacin [93%], fusidic acid [90%] and erythromycin [92%] were effective antimicrobials