ABSTRACT
Frequency of meningioma is reported to be 18 percent of all incidences of intracranial primary tumors, and tumor extension to the extracranial structures occurred in about 20 percent of intracranial meningiomas. Involvement of the middle ear is quite rare and meningioma in the middle ear can be seen either as a primary tumor or an extension of intracranial tumors. Since predominant symptoms of meningioma are hearing loss, otorrhea and other otologic symptoms, one can be mislead to chronic otitis media with diagnosis. Recently, we incidentally found a meningioma in the middle ear during chronic ear surgery in a 40-year-old female, who was confirmed by histopathologic diagnosis to have meningioma. We report herewith this case with the review of literatures.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Diagnosis , Ear , Ear, Middle , Hearing Loss , Incidence , Meningioma , Otitis MediaABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the labyrinthine fistulae on the temporal bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 47 labyrinthine fistula cases that had undergone preoperative HRCT of the temporal bone were reviewed retrospectively. All the patients were proved to have labyrinthine fistulae during the operation for chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma from January 1983 through July 1999. RESULTS: Fistulae on the lateral semicircular canal were more effectively detected (78.6%) with conventional axial and coronal view than other site (21.4%). Detection rates of fistula were increased with decreased thickness of HRCT slices. CONCLUSION: With decreasing thickness of HRCT slices, the temporal bone CT's detection rate of labyrinthine fistulae were increased. For the fistulae on the superior and posterior semicircular canal, the efficacy of the temporal bone CT was limited.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cholesteatoma , Fistula , Otitis Media , Retrospective Studies , Semicircular Canals , Temporal BoneABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cisplatin is an ototoxic agent commonly used for the treatment of solid tumors. Recently, it has been recognized to cause apoptosis in tumor cells, kidney and cochlea. The Bcl-2 family are specific proteins which are a well-known group of death modulating factors. The aims of this study was to analyze the expression of Bcl-2 family for the time course after cisplatin injection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were injected intraperitoneally wtih either 20 mg/kg of cisplatin, or the same amount of saline water to be used as control. Cochleae were harvested 6, 12 and 24 hours after injection and compared to those of the control ones. TUNEL staining was performed to observe apoptotic cells. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were performed to investigate the expression of Bax and Bcl-2. RESULTS: Positively TUNEL-labeled nuclei were observed mainly in the outer hair cells (OHCs), inner hair cells (IHCs), supporting cells and marginal cells. Bax and Bcl-2 immunoreactivity was observed in stria vascularis, OHCs, IHCs and Deiter's cells in the groups harvested at 6 h and 12 h. Bax was expressed most highly at 6 h and Bcl-2 at 12 h. The western blotting method showed that in the group harvested at 24 h, the intensity of Bax and Bcl-2 expression showed no difference compared with those of the control group. CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that apoptotic mechanism in which Bax and Bcl-2 play an important role begins before 6 h and terminates within 24 h after a single injection of high dose cisplatin.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rats , Apoptosis , Blotting, Western , Cisplatin , Cochlea , Hair , Immunohistochemistry , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Kidney , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Stria Vascularis , WaterABSTRACT
There is increasing evidence that airway epithelial cells, when exposed to various gas-derived air pollutants, play an important role in airway inflammation by releasing inflammatory cytokines. However, there is little information on air pollutant-induced cytokine expression at the tissue level and on the role of sulfur dioxide (SO2), one of the major ambient air pollutants, in cytokine production. We studied whether or not a low concentration of sulfur dioxide induces an increase in tissue expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). After exposing surgically obtained normal human nasal turbinates to 0.05 ppm SO2 for one hour, we conducted specific immunohistochemical staining to assess the tissue expression of each cytokine. We found that the percent expression of IL-8 and GM-CSF in the surface epithelium was significantly higher in each SO2-exposed tissue than in the matched control tissue. However, there was no significant difference in the number of submucosal IL-4-positive cells between exposed and control specimens. These results suggest that exposure to a low concentration of SO2 increases airway inflammation, apparently by inducing an increase in the expression of GM-CSF and IL-8.
Subject(s)
Humans , Air Pollutants , Colony-Stimulating Factors , Cytokines , Epithelial Cells , Epithelium , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor , Inflammation , Interleukin-4 , Interleukin-8 , Mucous Membrane , Nasal Mucosa , Sulfur Dioxide , Sulfur , TurbinatesABSTRACT
Congenital aural atresia (CAA) with variable degrees of microtia are combined with many other otologic or facial anomalies. Among them, cholesteatoma developed behind atretic plate is rarely reported. Since Von Luders had first reported about this condition at 1912, several authors had described CAA associated with cholesteatoma. In their reports, atretic canal cannot prevent the development of cholesteatoma. We reviewed 4 cases of CAA associated with cholesteatoma with medical records and preoperative temporal bone CTs retrospectively. All the cases were unilaterally presented and corrected by canaloplsty. Keratin materials were demonstrated at the medial side of atretic ear canal.