ABSTRACT
The causes of the chylothorax can be classified to the congenital cases, such as the atresia of thoracic duct and thoracic duct-pleura fistula, and the acquired ones, such as thoracic surgery, trauma, malignant disease, venous thrombosis, infection and so on. We experienced a case of left chylothorax in a 10-year-old girl with a lymphangiomatosis of left thorax extending from axillar to buttock. She first received the two weeks of conservative management, which was unsuccessful to subside the chylothorax. Then she was taken the partial pleurectomy and chemical pleurodesis under the thoracoscopy as a surgical intervention, but this is also insufficient to reduce the chylous effusion. Finally she received 10 times of radiotherapy on left thorax, then the chylothorax is controlled completely.