Comparison of Functional Equator-Considering and Parks Methods in Bilateral Medial Rectus Recession for Esotropia

PURPOSE: To compare the surgical outcomes of functional equator-considering and Parks' methods in infantile esotropia and partially accommodative esotropia. METHODS: The medical records of 96 patients with infantile esotropia and partially accommodative esotropia who underwent bilateral medial rectus muscle recession by functional equator-considering and Parks' methods were reviewed retrospectively. The surgery success rate at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months was compared by the deviation angle measurement. RESULTS: Overall success rates were not statistically different between the 2 groups. Additionally, there were no differences in surgical success rate of functional equator-considering and Parks' methods in infantile esotropia and partially accommodative esotropia. When the patients were divided into 2 groups based on 40 PD, no significant difference in success rate between the 2 groups was observed. When patients were divided into 2 groups based on 22 mm of axial length, there was no statistical difference observed. Postoperative overcorrection was 2 (4%) in the functional equator group and 3 (6.5%) in Parks' method group and postoperative undercorrection was 9 (18%, 19.6%) in each group. The incidence of undercorrection in the Parks' method group was significantly higher in the greater than 22 mm axial length group (7, 35.0%) than in the less than 22 mm group (2, 7.7%) (p = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference in surgical success rate between the functional equator and Parks' methods in infantile esotropia and partially accommodative esotropia.

Clinical Effect of a Mixed Solution of Sodium Hyaluronate and Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose During the Transconjunctival Approach for Orbital Wall Reconstruction / 전남의대학술지

This study aimed to evaluate the anti-adhesive effect of a mixed solution of sodium hyaluronate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (HACMC, Guardix-sol(R)) during the transconjunctival approach to orbital wall reconstruction. Eighty-seven patients who underwent orbital wall reconstruction by the transconjunctival approach were enrolled in this prospective study. We applied HACMC between the orbicularis oculi muscle and the orbital septum after surgery in 47 patients and did not use it in 40 patients. Lower lid retraction and marginal reflex distance 2 (MRD2) were measured to analyze the degree of postoperative adhesion at 1 week and 1, 3, and 6 months. The degree of MRD2 showed clinically significant differences at postoperative 1 week and 1 month between the HACMC and control groups (p<0.05). Lower lid ectropion developed in two patients (5.0%) in the control group but did not occur in the HACMC group. In orbital wall reconstruction by the transconjunctival approach, the HACMC mixture solution is effective for preventing adhesion and lower lid ectropion during the early postoperative period.

Clinical Effect of a Mixed Solution of Sodium Hyaluronate and Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose During the Transconjunctival Approach for Orbital Wall Reconstruction / 전남의대학술지

This study aimed to evaluate the anti-adhesive effect of a mixed solution of sodium hyaluronate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (HACMC, Guardix-sol(R)) during the transconjunctival approach to orbital wall reconstruction. Eighty-seven patients who underwent orbital wall reconstruction by the transconjunctival approach were enrolled in this prospective study. We applied HACMC between the orbicularis oculi muscle and the orbital septum after surgery in 47 patients and did not use it in 40 patients. Lower lid retraction and marginal reflex distance 2 (MRD2) were measured to analyze the degree of postoperative adhesion at 1 week and 1, 3, and 6 months. The degree of MRD2 showed clinically significant differences at postoperative 1 week and 1 month between the HACMC and control groups (p<0.05). Lower lid ectropion developed in two patients (5.0%) in the control group but did not occur in the HACMC group. In orbital wall reconstruction by the transconjunctival approach, the HACMC mixture solution is effective for preventing adhesion and lower lid ectropion during the early postoperative period.

Analysis of Factors Related of Location of Initial Visual Field Defect in Normal Tension Glaucoma

PURPOSE: To investigate the risk factors related to the location of visual field defects in normal tension glaucoma. METHODS: Eighty-one eyes diagnosed as normal tension glaucoma in patients with early glaucomatous visual field defects were divided into central visual field defects and peripheral visual field defects. The difference between the 2 groups based on the intra-individual comparison were assessed with several ocular risk factors such as sex, age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, laterality, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, cup-disc ratio, peripapillary atrophy, mean deviation, pattern standard deviation, best corrected visual acuity, and refractive errors. RESULTS: The incidence of hypertension in the central visual field defects group (60.6%) was higher than in the peripheral visual field defects group (22.9%, p = 0.001). The central corneal thickness in the central group (533.1 +/- 18.2 microm) was thinner than in the peripheral group (545.0 +/- 30.0 microm, p = 0.003). Hypertension was the only risk factors for central visual field defects (p = 0.001). In both the central group and peripheral group, upper visual field defects were more common than lower defects. CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension in patients with normal tension glaucoma was a factor involved in central visual field defects. Additionally, numerous visual field defects were mainly found the superior portion.

Embryonal Sarcoma of the Liver in an Adult

Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver is a rare and highly malignant hepatic neoplasm of a mesenchymal origin. This tumor almost exclusively affects pediatric patients, and the prognosis is poor. Although there has been controversy as to the most appropriate treatment, the previous studies have reported that long term survival is possible after complete surgical resection with or without perioperative chemotherapy. We report here on a case of undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver, which showed cystic formation, in a 37-year-old woman with no prior history of any hepatitis or liver cirrhosis. She was admitted with right abdominal pain. The physical examination findings were unremarkable except for tenderness in the right abdomen.