ABSTRACT
El transplante renal constituye en este momento la mejor alternativa terapéutica para el tratamiento de la insuficiencia renal crónica terminal. El injerto proveniente de donante vivo ha demostrado tener mejor sobrevida a largo plazo que el de origen cadavérico. Uno de los factores más importantes y que diferencian un procedimiento del otro es la isquemia fría de duración corta. La disfunción post-transplante definidas en términos de necesidad de diálisis de apoyo, ha demostrado ser un factor adverso en el propósito a largo plazo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar los factores que influyen en la necesidad de apoyo dialíticos. Se revisó una serie de 169 pacientes con un primer injerto de origen cadavérico. Un 25 por ciento necesitó de diálisis postoperatorio. Se compararon las dos series, con diálisis (42) y sin ella (127). Se analizaron factores tales como: edad del donante, sexo, causa de muerte, origen del donante, órganos procurados, permanencia en la UTI, equipo procurador, etcétera. Los factores que alcanzaron significación estadística fueron: donante multiorgánico versus renal exclusivo, isquemia fría menor de 20 horas y equipo que efectuó la extracción.
Subject(s)
Humans , Renal Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/surgery , Kidney Transplantation , Living Donors , Cadaver , Postoperative Complications , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
Background: All winters, there is an increase in the number of pediatric consultations, associated to three factors: cold weather, air pollution and respiratory virus epidemics. Aim: To study the influence of these three factors in the demand for pediatric consultations between march and september, in an area of Metropolitan Santiago. Patients and Methods: The number of consultations between march and september 1998 in the emergency room and the number of hospital discharges due to lower respiratory tract infections, were registered in a public pediatric hospital of Santiago. A respiratory virus surveillance (respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, influenza and parainfluenza virus) was done among children admitted for lower respiratory infections. Atmospheric temperature values and air pollution, measured as the number of particles of 10 µm or more per m3 (MP 10), were obtained from local health services. Results: Two elevation waves of outpatient consultations were detected at weeks 19 and 26, that coincided with the periods of maximal detection of influenza and syncytial respiratory virus, respectively. The epidemics of respiratory syncytial virus coincided with the maximal number of hospital admissions for lower respiratory tract infections at week 27. There was no correlation between air pollution and the number of pediatric consultations. The lower ambient temperatures coincided with the higher detection of respiratory syncytial virus at week 28, moment in which the demand for consultations or hospital admissions was descending. Conclusions: There is a direct relationship between respiratory virus epidemics and the demand for pediatric consultations. There is also a minor influence of ambient temperature