ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Postprandial lipemia is characterized by an increased concentration of circulating lipids after fat intake and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Exercise is known to reduce postprandial lipemia and its negative clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of intense intermittent versus moderate continuous exercise using the same energy expenditure in postprandial lipemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty healthy men (aged 21.5 + 3.5 years) performed a random sequence of either rest or 500 Kcal tests separated by a minimum 48 h interval as follows: (a) no exercise (control), (b) intense intermittent exercise, or (c) moderate continuous exercise. Each test series was completed 30 min before ingestion of a high-fat meal (1 g fat/kg). Venous blood was collected before and at 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after the high-fat meal. Postprandial lipemia was assessed using the area under the curve approach as well as a kinetic profile of mean lipid variables. Statistical significance was tested at the p<0.05 level. RESULTS: With both statistical approaches, intense intermittent and moderate continuous exercises were both effective in reducing postprandial triglycerides; however, only intense intermittent exercise reduced the levels of postprandial very low density lipoprotein. Intense intermittent and continuous exercise produced lower levels of insulinemia using the area under the curve analysis only. CONCLUSION: Intense intermittent or continuous exercise with an energy expenditure of 500 kcal completed 30 min before ingestion of high-fat meal reduced postprandial lipid levels to different levels in physically active men. Understanding these relevant differences will enable clinicians to provide the best exercise prescription for patients.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Dietary Fats/administration & dosage , Exercise/physiology , Hyperlipidemias/prevention & control , Postprandial Period/physiology , Analysis of Variance , Energy Metabolism/physiology , Insulin/blood , Triglycerides/bloodABSTRACT
Os autores avaliam a ingestão de micronutrientes relacionados à hematopoese e determinam a prevalência de anemia em pacientes do sexo feminino com idade superior a 60 anos, residentes na periferia do Distrito Federal. Para cada paciente foi determinada a média de ingestão diária de ferro, vitamina B12 e ácido fólico, por meio da análise dietética dos registros alimentares estimados de três dias alternados, seguida da determinação das dosagens séricas de cobalamina livre e hemocisteína. O diagnóstico de anemia foi estabelecido pela dosagem de hemoglobina total. Encontrou-se prevalência de anemia em 9,8 por cento das idosas estudadas. Não foi observada diferença significativa no consumo de ferro e ácido fólico entre pacientes anêmicas e não-anêmicas. No entanto, o consumo médio de vitamina B12 entre as pacientes não-anêmicas mostrou-se 2,6 vezes superior à ingestão média observada no grupo anêmico (p<0,05). Dosagens séricas de cobalamina e homocisteína mostraram-se aumentadas entre portadores de anemia. Os dados dos autores sugerem que a deficiência na ingestão de vitamina B12 constitui fator predisponente ao desenvolvimento de anemia em pacientes idosos.
This study aimed to estimate the average intake of hematopoiesis related micronutrients and to assess the prevalence of anemia in elder female subjects aged 60 years or older residing in the outskirts of the Brazilian Federal District. Mean daily consumption of iron, folic acid and vitamin B12 were determined for each patient by means of dietary analysis of food registries, followed by evaluation of free serum cobalamin and hemocysteine. Anemia diagnosis was established by quantification of total hemoglobin. Prevalence was found to assault 9.8 per cent of elderly studied. No significant difference has been observed in folic acid and iron intakes between anemic and non-anemic subjects. On the other hand, mean consumption of vitamin B12 was 2.6 fold higher among anemic patients (p<0.05). Accordingly, serum cobalamin and homocysteine dosages have shown marked increase in the anemic group. Our findings suggest that deficiency in vitamin B12 intake constitutes a predisposing factor to the onset of anemia in the elderly.