ABSTRACT
Objective @# This study aims to evaluate the shaping capability of Pathfile and WaveOne in simulated root canals. @*Methods@#A total of 20 simulated resin blocks were divided randomly into two groups, group W prepared with WaveOne alone. Group PW prepared with WaveOne and Pathfile. Preparation time and number of separated instruments were measured respectively. Pre-and post-operative images were obtained with a scanner and superimposed through Photoshop and ImageJ2X. The changes in canal bending curvature and material removal from the inner and outer canal walls at 10 points beginning at 1mm from the end point of the canal were measured with ImageJ2X. Centering capability was determined accordingly by comparing and analyzing the material removal from the inner and outer canal walls.@*Results @# Two groups have no occurrence of instrument separation, no statics significance in root canal preparation and the changes of root canal working length differences (P > 0.05). But at position of root canal point 4 to 5 mm, the misalignment of group W were 0.085 ± 0.05 mm and -0.312 ± 0.068 mm, the misalignment of group PW were -0.071 ± 0.042 mm, -0.26 ± 0.103 mm (P < 0.05).@*Conclusion@#Conclusion
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Our study aimed to investigate the impact of fatigue on the severity of stroke and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Fatigued male rats underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion and the infarcted brain area was determined. Then, coagulation parameters were assessed in the fatigued group and a control group. In addition, the level of fibrinogen was determined in rats deprived of sleep for various numbers of days. To study whether interleukin-6 was involved in fibrinogen synthesis during fatigue, we also measured levels of interleukin-6 in rats deprived of sleep for various numbers of days. Furthermore, brain injury by middle cerebral artery occlusion was measured in wild-type mice, interleukin-6-/- mice and wild-type mice treated with bezafibrate. RESULTS: More severe cerebral infarction was observed in the fatigued rats, resulting in an infarct ratio of 23.4%. The infarct ratio was significantly increased in the fatigued rats compared with that in the control group (8%, p<0.05). The level of fibrinogen was increased significantly in the fatigued rats compared with that in the control group. In addition, a marked reduction in fibrinogen level was observed in the fatigued interleukin-6-/- mice compared to their wild-type counterparts, whereas no difference was observed between fatigued wild-type mice and interleukin-6-/- rats treated with recombinant human interleukin-6. The reduction in brain injury due to middle cerebral artery occlusion during fatigue was observed in interleukin-6-/- mice and wild-type mice treated with bezafibrate. CONCLUSION: Fatigue could increase stroke severity and was associated with the interleukin-6-induced expression of fibrinogen. .