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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385803

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: Las patologías y condiciones linguales constituyen una proporción considerable del total de lesiones de la mucosa oral. Los estudios epidemiológicos que describen su frecuencia en la población pediátrica son escasos y variables. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la frecuencia de patologías y condiciones de lengua en niños atendidos en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Chile. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal donde se examinaron pacientes pediátricos de 4 a 13 años de ambos sexos. De un total de 179 pacientes, un 53 % presentó al menos una patología o condición lingual. El rango etario de 11 a 13 años presentó un mayor OR de presentar lesiones y/o condiciones linguales al ser comparado con los otros rangos etarios (valor p<0,05). La patología o condición lingual más frecuente fue la lengua saburral (39 %), seguida por la lengua fisurada (15 %), la hipertrofia de papilas linguales (5 %) y la lengua geográfica (3 %). La ubicación más frecuente fue la base lingual con un 59 % del total de ubicaciones registradas. En base a la escasa evidencia que existe y a la alta frecuencia encontrada en esta investigación, se debe destacar la importancia del conocimiento de las patologías y condiciones linguales en niños. A través de este estudio, se sientan bases para futuras investigaciones que ayuden a odontólogos a reconocer, diagnosticar y tratar estas condiciones cuando sea necesario.


ABSTRACT: Lingual pathologies and conditions constitute a considerable proportion of the total lesions of the oral mucosa.The epidemiological studies that describe its frequency in the pediatric population are limited and variable. The objective of this study was to establish the frequency of pathologies and lingual conditions in children attended at the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Chile. An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out where pediatric patients between 4 and 13 years of both sexes were examined. Of a total of 179 patients, 53 % had at least one pathology or lingual condition. The age range of 11 to 13 years presented a higher OR of presenting lesions and/or lingual conditions when compared with the other age ranges (p value <0.05). The most frequent pathology or lingual condition was coated tongue (39 %), fast due to the fissured tongue (15 %), the hypertrophy of the lingual papillae (5 %) and the geographic tongue (3 %). The most frequent location was the lingual base with 59 % of the total frequency registered. Based on the little evidence that exists and the high frequency found in this research, the importance of knowledge of pathologies and lingual conditions in children should be highlighted. Through this study, foundations are laid for future investigations that help dentists recognize, diagnose, and treat these conditions when necessary.

2.
Salud pública Méx ; 60(2): 141-150, mar.-abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-962453

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Objetivo: Evaluar los factores pronósticos (características clínico-patológicas y tratamientos) en las pacientes con cáncer de mama y metástasis al sistema nervioso central (SNC) como primer sitio de afección. Material y métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva, formada por 125 pacientes con cáncer de mama atendidas en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología durante 2007-2015, quienes presentaron afección en el SNC como primer sitio de metástasis. A través del método Kaplan-Meier y tablas de vida se estimó la supervivencia global. El modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox fue utilizado para determinar los factores pronósticos. Resultados: La mediana de supervivencia global fue de 14.2 meses (IC95% 11.8-26.9). Pacientes clasificadas por inmunohistoquímica como triple negativo (TN) presentaron tiempos de supervivencia más cortos (p<0.004) y con dos veces más riesgo de fallecer, en comparación con los otros inmunofenotipos (HR= 2.77; IC95% 1.10-6.99); asimismo, se identificó que un grado intermedio en la escala Scarff-Bloom-Richardson incrementa el riesgo de morir en pacientes con metástasis (HR=2.76; IC95% 1.17-6.51). Conclusiones: La metástasis al SNC continúa siendo un factor de mal pronóstico que reduce la supervivencia y afecta la calidad de vida. Se recomienda vigilar puntualmente la presencia de manifestaciones clínicas neurológicas durante el seguimiento, para una rápida intervención. Las pacientes TN tienen peor pronóstico, y las HER2+ (es decir, con resultado positivo para el receptor 2 del factor de crecimiento humano epidérmico), mejor control a mediano plazo.


Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the prognostic factors (clinical-pathological characteristics and treatments) in patients with breast cancer and metastasis to central nervous system (CNS) as the first site of the disease. Materials and methods: Kaplan-Meier method and life tables were used to estimate overall survival time over a retrospective cohort of 125 breast cancer patients treated at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan) during 2007-2015, who presented metastasis to the CNS as the first site of extension of the disease. The cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the prognosis factors. Result: The median overall survival time was 14.2 months (IC95%: 11.83-26.93). Patients with triple negative (TN), according to inmunohistochemistry analysis classification, had lower survival times (p=0.0004) and had a risk of dying two times (p=0.037) higher than patients with a different immunophenotype (HR: 2.77. 95%CI: 1.10-6.99). The degree of intermediate SBR increases the risk of dying in patients with metastasis (HR 2.76, 95% CI: 1.17-6.51). Conclusion: CNS metastasis continues to be a poor prognostic factor that reduces survival and affects quality of life. It is recommended to monitor the early presence of clinical neurological manifestations during follow-up for prompt treatment. TN patients have worse prognosis and HER2+ a better control.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Brain Neoplasms/mortality , Brain Neoplasms/secondary , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Prognosis , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies
3.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 44(1): 67-73, 2014 Mar.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1157419

ABSTRACT

Cephalic pancreaticoduodenectomy (CPD) is the surgical procedure of choice for curative resection of pancreatic head and periampullary tumors. Preoperative nutritional intervention is crucial for reducing postoperative complications since malnutrition can be found in patients with these tumors. This malnutrition can get even worse during the postoperative period due to fasting and subsequent treatments. Besides, the surgical procedure entails surgical resections that alter the digestive process and can have long-term negative effects on the nutritional status. An aspect infrequently assessed is the alteration of exocrine and endocrine functions after surgery, that noticeably affects both the metabolic and general status of these patients. As regards long-term nutrition, there is no consensus on how to evaluate patients who have undergone a pancreatic resection. Consequently, early nutritional intervention since diagnosis may prevent or lessen the deterioration of nutritional status resulting from the disease itself as well as from the surgery and from the long term. The alimentary and nutritional education that would help the patient gain an adequate control of his metabolism and nutrition becomes vital.


Subject(s)
Malnutrition/etiology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/surgery , Pancreaticoduodenectomy , Nutritional Support/methods , Postoperative Complications , Malnutrition/therapy , Nutritional Status , Humans , Pancreatic Neoplasms/complications , Pancreaticoduodenectomy/adverse effects
4.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 37(4): 363-370, dic. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-383824

ABSTRACT

En las últimas décadas la medicina evolucionó hacia un enfoque molecular en la búsqueda de blancos específicos que permitan seguir adecuadamente la progresión de las patologías neoplásicas y desarrollar terapias exitosas. El conocimiento y comprensión de que la matriz extracelular (MEC) que rodea a un tumor influye sobre el comportamiento del mismo, reveló la importancia que cumplen las metaloproteinasas (MMPs) en la regulación de los componentes de la MEC, y por lo tanto en el desarrollo tumoral. Es por ello que actualmente se está evaluando la eficacia de inhibidores sintéticos de estas enzimas en ensayos clínicos, algunos ya en fase clínica III de investigación. También se propone que estas MMPs podrían ser utilizadas como marcadores bioquímicos, permitiendo evaluar la progresión de la enfermedad en pacientes que sufren patologías neoplásicas, e incluso dar un valor pronóstico. Es en este punto en que el laboratorio de análisis clínicos cumplirá un papel fundamental y deberá contar con los conocimientos y las herramientas necesarias para evaluar la presencia y actividad de estas enzimas. En este trabajo se expone el conocimiento actual de la estructura y funciones biológicas de las MMPs así como los antecedentes que muestran el papel que cumplen en las enfermedades neoplásicas, en especial en leucemias y linfomas


Subject(s)
Humans , Endothelial Growth Factors , Leukemia , Lymphoma , Biomarkers, Tumor , Neoplasms , Neoplasms, Experimental , Neovascularization, Pathologic/etiology , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Neoplasm Invasiveness/physiopathology , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/enzymology , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/physiopathology , Leukemia , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Lymphoma , Lymphoproliferative Disorders , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasms , Neoplasms, Experimental , Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology , Disease Progression
5.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 60(6): 931-939, 2000. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-305302

ABSTRACT

We have established and characterized a cell line (LBL) from a spontaneous murine T lymphoma LB. Histopathological analysis has demonstrated LB primary tumor infiltration in spleen, lymph nodes, liver, thymus, bone marrow and lung. However LBL cells infiltrated all these organs except lung. Two sublines with different growth behavior were derived from LBL cell line. One of them grew in suspension as clusters (LBLc) while the other one grew as adherent monolayers (LBLa). Growth rate, response to mitogenic stimuli and apoptosis induction were different among the parental cell line and the derived sublines. CD44 was expressed constitutively in LBL and LBLa cells. In contrast LBLc cells only expressed similar levels of this molecule when stimulated with PMA. LBLa cells showed hyaluronic acid (HA) binding properties, while LBL and LBLc cells were not able to bind HA even when activated with PMA. We postulate that differences in HA binding could be related with different infiltration behaviors.


Subject(s)
Animals , Adjuvants, Immunologic , Hyaluronan Receptors , Hyaluronic Acid , Leukemia, T-Cell , Cell Division , Confidence Intervals , Flow Cytometry , Leukemia, T-Cell , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Protein Binding
6.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 60(6): 940-946, 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-305303

ABSTRACT

Gut ischemia-reperfusion (G-IR) induces a systemic inflammatory response, in which leukocyte contribution to this injury in distant organs is important. ICAM-1 as well as CD11/CD18 have been involved in leukocyte infiltration in liver and lungs. CD44 adhesion molecule plays an essential role in other inflammatory processes such as rheumatoid arthritis and allergic contact dermatitis, however its implication in G-IR has not been described. In order to establish a possible role of CD44 in the development of systemic inflammation by G-IR, we have studied CD44 mRNA expression by RT-PCR in a murine model of gut ischemia reperfusion. Animals subjected to G-IR showed an increased number of CD44 variable isoforms expressed in liver and spleen compared to non-treated animals or animals subjected to laparotomy. This finding indicates that G-IR specifically induces the expression of different CD44 variable isoforms. Liver CD44 upregulation in animals subjected to G-IR suggests a contribution of this molecule to lymphocyte activation and migration to this injured organ. Moreover, increased isoform expression in spleen may be induced by the proinflammatory environment resulting from a systemic depuration activity.


Subject(s)
Animals , Hyaluronan Receptors , Intestinal Diseases , Reperfusion Injury , Hyaluronan Receptors , Disease Models, Animal , Intestinal Diseases , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Protein Isoforms , Reperfusion Injury , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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