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Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 49(1): 26-36, mar. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-592062

ABSTRACT

Background: Body dissatisfaction (BD) is considered as a predisposing, triggering, perpetuating and/or prognosis factor of eating disorders (ED). Objective: To compare the presence of BD and psychopathological and/or behavioural features between female subjects with and without ED. Method: Comparatively the EatingAttitudes Test (EAT-40), the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) were administered to 52 ED female patients and to 51 female students without ED. Results: Patients reached significantly higher rates than female students without ED on BSQ, EAT-40, EDI and subscales (p = < 0.001), except perfectionism (p = 0.015). BD assessed by EDI (17 versus 4; p < 0.001) y el BSQ (152 versus 58.5; p < 0.001) scored significantly higher in patients, mainly in anorexics on EAT-40, BSQ, BD, ineffectiveness and perfectionism (p < 0.001); bulimics on global EDI, drive for thinness, interoceptive awareness, bulimia, maturity fears and interpersonal distrust (p < 0,001). The OR of BD (EDI) was 1.17 versus BSQ (OR = 1.05) (p < 0.001). The EAT global score was directly and significantly correlated to BSQ (r = 0.672; p < 0.001) in patients and to BD (EDI) (r = 0.639; p < 0.001) in female students without ED. Conclusions: BD is prevalent in an extreme degree within all the subtypes of ED. Anorexics exhibited a higher BD as well as ineffectiveness and perfectionism. A higher BD is positively related to a higher ED symptomatology. The risk of developing an ED in a young woman that exhibits some degree of BD is very high.


Antecedentes: La insatisfacción corporal (IC) es considerada factor predisponente, desencadenante, perpetuante y pronóstico de los trastornos alimentarios (TCA). Objetivos: Comparar la presencia de IC y características psicopatológicas/conductuales entre mujeres con y sin TCA. Método: A 52 pacientes con TCA y 51 estudiantes sin TCA, se les aplicó comparativamente el Test de Actitudes Alimentarias (EAT-40), el Inventario de Desórdenes Alimentarios (EDI) y el Cuestionario de Silueta Corporal (BSQ). Resultados: Las pacientes alcanzaron puntajes significativamente más elevados que las estudiantes en el BSQ, EAT-40, EDIy sub escalas (p = < 0,001), excepto perfeccionismo (p = 0,015). La IC medida por el EDI (17 versus 4; p < 0,001) y el BSQ (152 versus 58,5; p < 0,001) arrojó puntajes significativamente más altos en las pacientes, principalmente las anorécticas en el EAT-40, BSQ, IC, sentimientos de inutilidad personal y perfeccionismo (p < 0,001); las bulímicas en el EDI global, motivación por la delgadez, consciencia interoceptiva, bulimia, temor a la madurez y desconfianza interpersonal (p < 0,001). El ítem IC del EDI mostró un OR de 1,17, versus el BSQ (OR= 1,05) (p < 0,001). El puntaje global del EAT-40 se correlacionó directa y significativamente con el BSQ (r = 0,672; p < 0,001) en las pacientes y estudiantes con el ítem IC del EDI (r = 0,639; p < 0,001). Conclusiones: La IC está presente en grado extremo en todos los subtipos de TCA. Las anorécticas mostraron mayor IC acompañada de sentimientos de inutilidad personal y perfeccionismo. Una mayor IC se relaciona positivamente con una mayor sintomatología compatible con TCA. El riesgo de padecerlo de una joven que exhibe algún grado de IC es altísimo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Body Image , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Body Mass Index , Body Weight , Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis , Prognosis , Surveys and Questionnaires
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