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Objective:To investigate the efficacy of Yupingfeng powder combined with extensively hydrolyzed milk formulas in the treatment of milk protein allergy in infants and its effects on immune function, interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-22 levels. Methods:Eighty infants with milk protein allergy who received treatment in Hangzhou Children's Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to Yupingfeng powder and conventional treatment groups, with 40 infants per group. An additional 80 infants who concurrently received health examination in the same hospital were included in the control group. The conventional group was treated with extensively hydrolyzed milk formulas. The Yupingfeng powder group was treated with Yupingfeng powder combined with extensively hydrolyzed milk formulas. All infants were treated for 30 successive days. Clinical efficacy, serum total immunoglobulin (IgE), milk specific IgE (sIgE), peripheral blood CD 4+CD 25+ Treg, IL-10 and IL-22 levels were compared between groups. Results:Total response rate in the Yupingfeng powder group was significantly higher than that in the conventional treatment group [92.50% (37/40) vs. 72.50% (29/40), χ2 = 5.54, P < 0.05]. Serum total IgE and milk sIgE levels in the Yupingfeng powder group were (132.93 ± 14.61) IU/L and (0.62 ± 0.14) IU/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than (150.27 ± 16.22) IU/L and (0.85 ± 0.17) IU/L in the conventional treatment group ( t = 5.02, 6.61, both P < 0.05). The expression of CD 4+CD 25+ Treg in the Yupingfeng powder group was significantly higher than that in the conventional treatment group [(13.29 ± 1.40)% vs. (11.84 ± 1.27)%, t = 4.85, P < 0.05). CD 4+CD 25+ Treg expression in the Yupingfeng powder group was not significantly different from that in the control group [(13.40 ± 2.03)%, t = 0.31, P = 0.759]. IL-10 in the Yupingfeng powder group was significantly higher than that in the conventional treatment group [(34.57 ± 4.07) μg/L vs. (22.19 ± 2.15) μg/L, t = 17.01, P < 0.05]. IL-22 level in the Yupingfeng powder group was significantly lower than that in the conventional treatment group [(2.20 ± 0.42) ng/L vs. (5.28 ± 0.79) ng/L, t = 21.77, P < 0.05]. IL-10 and IL-22 levels in the Yupingfeng powder group were not different from those in the control group [(35.53 ± 3.85) μg/L, (2.13 ± 0.53) ng/L, t = 1.26, P = 0.209; t = 0.73, P = 0.468]. Conclusion:Yupingfeng powder combined with extensively hydrolyzed milk formulas is highly effective on milk protein allergy. The combined therapy can improve the immune function of infants, enhance IL-10 level, and decrease IL-22 level.
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Objective To understand the situation of iodine nutrition in school children aged 8-10 and pregnant women in Jinping County of Guizhou Province,and to provide a scientific reference for control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).Methods Based on Surveillance Scheme of IDD of Guizhou Province (2012),no less than 40 children aged 8-10 and 20 pregnant women were chosen as the research subjects according to the east,west,south,north,and centre 5 directions in Jinping County of Guizhou Province in 2015;a total of 222 children aged 8-10 (half males and half females) and 111 pregnant women were chosen.Arsenic and cerium catalysis spectrophotometry method (WS/T 107-2006) was used to detect urinary iodine content of children and pregnant women;direct titration was used to detect edible salt iodine content from pregnant women.Results The median of urinary iodine of children was 252.0 μg/L in Jinping County in 2015,＜ 100 μg/L accounted for 12.16％ (27/222),100-199 μg/L accounted for 23.42％ (52/222),200-299 μg/L accounted for 27.03％ (60/222),and ≥ 300 μg/L accounted for 37.39％ (83/222);the medians of urinary iodine of children aged 8,9 and 10 were 225.5,252.0 and 286.0 μg/L,respectively;the medians of urinary iodine of male and female children were 237.0 and 255.0 μg/L,respectively;the median of urinary iodine of pregnant women was 198.0 μg/L,＜ 150 μg/L accounted for 35.14％ (39/111),150-249 μg/L accounted for 33.33％ (37/111),and ≥250 μg/L accounted for 31.53％ (35/111);the median of salt iodine from pregnant women was 27.8 mg/kg,21-39 mg/kg accounted for 94.59％ (105/111),the coverage rate of iodized salt was 100.00％ (111/111),the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 94.59％ (105/111).Conclusions The median of urinary iodine of children in Jinping County is high,the iodized salt coverage and qualified iodized salt consumption rates are up to the requirements,and the salt iodization standards are still have some space for downward adjustment.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of base layer thickness of DyadFlow(DF) self-adhesive resin on dentin bonding strength.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty extracted intact human molars were randomly selected and the occlusal surface of each molar was prepared by removing the enamel and exposing the dentin surface. The prepared molars were divided, randomly and equally, into 4 groups. For groups G0.5, G1.0 and G2.0, DF was applied directly on the dentin surfaces following the manufacturer's instruction, and for group GOB, OptiBond All-in-One(OB) self etching adhesive was applied on the dentin surface before using DF. The base layer thickness of DF was 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.0 mm for groups G0.5, G1.0, G2.0 and GOB, respectively. Composite crown were built up on each tooth, then the samples were sectioned longitudinally into sticks with proximately 1.0 mm2 bonding area(for microtensile bond strength[MTBS] testing) or slabs (for bonding interface observation with SEM). Fifteen sticks were obtained for each group. The fracture surface was also observed using SEM and the fracture type of each specimen was determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The MTBS were: GOB (20.19±3.11) MPa>G0.5 (8.65±1.58) MPa>G1.0 (6.65±1.13) MPa>G2.0 (5.70±0.60) MPa(P<0.05). Bonding interface fracture B2 was most frequently observed for all groups: G0.5: 14/15, G1.0: 13/15, G2.0: 14/15 and GOB: 13/15.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The MTBS decreased when the base layer thickness of DF increased. Direct application of DF self-adhesive resin on dentin surface adhesive restorations should be concerned.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Adhesives , Chemistry , Crowns , Dental Bonding , Dental Enamel , Dentin , Chemistry , Dentin-Bonding Agents , Chemistry , Molar , Resin Cements , Chemistry , Tensile StrengthABSTRACT
Objective To explore the care burden and its influencing factors of primary caregiver of patients with spinal cord injury. Methods A total of 120 primary caregiver of spinal cord injury patients were selected as research object. The general information of SCI patients and their primary caregiver were investigated by SCI patient general data questionnaire and primary caregiver in SCI patient general data questionnaire, caregiver burden of spinal cord injury were investigated bycaregiver burden inventory. The relationship between the general information of patients and caregivers and the care burden analyzed. Results Caregiver burden of elderly patients was significantly lower than that of younger ones (F=54.053,P<0.01). The more serious of spinal cord injury, the higher of care burden (F=315.104,P<0.01). The patients with neck and multiple segmental spine injury and postoperative complications had a higher care burden (F=199.203,t=6.462, 32.195,P<0.01). When the caregivers were female, spouses or children, with poor health condition, with higher education degree, and as cadres or workers, caregiver burden was higher (t=6.061,F=22.073-52.392,P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the degree of spinal cord injury, complications, gender, and the relationship between the patients were the main factors that influenced the care burden. Conclusions The main factors influencing the care burden are spinal cord injury degree, complications, gender, and the relationship between the patients. Clinical managers needs to develop appropriate social support system for the factors which affect the caregiver, in order to ease the caregiver′s care burden.
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Objective To investigate the characteristics and risk factors associated with regional lymph node metastasis in colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 79 patients with colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm were retrospectively analyzed. The risk factors of regional lymph node metastasis were evaluated by multifactor Logistic regression analysis. Results The incidence of regional lymph node metastasis was 30.4% (24/79), among which para-intestinal lymph node metastasis was in 14 cases, mesenteric lymph node metastasis in 6 cases, and mesenteric root central lymph node metastasis in 4 cases. No patient was found to have skip metastasis and mesenteric root distant lymph node metastasis. The single factor analysis results showed that the tumor diameter, ulceration in mucous membrane, depth of invasion, pathological grading and invasion of lymphatic vessel were associated with regional lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm (P<0.05). The multifactor Logistic regression analysis results showed that the tumor diameter, pathological grading and invasion of lymphatic vessel were was associated with regional lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm (P<0.05). Conclusions The colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm patients with larger tumor diameter, G2 and G3 of pathological grading and invasion of lymphatic vessel have higher incidence of regional lymph node metastasis; the mesenteric lymph node and para-intestinal lymph node should be paid special attention to in radical resection.