ABSTRACT
In recent years,the incidence of Tourette syndrome (TS) has been increasing,but the pathogenesis of TS was unclear.Immune abnormalities were reported in some children with TS,who had abnormal levels of helper T cell subgroup Th1/Th2,cytokines,natural killer cells and autoantibodies expression.Balance and moderation of the immune play an important role in maintaining the physiological functioning normally.To study the status of immune in children with TS is conducive to manage strategies of treatment.
ABSTRACT
Objective To provide reference for improving the performance of public health by establishing performance evaluation framework of public health in rural areas of China.Methods The performance evaluation framework of public health in rural areas is established by literature research,theoretical derivation and Delphi method.The results of expert consultation are tested by W test of Kendall coordination coefficient and chi-square test.Results The performance evaluation framework of public health in rural areas contains four conceptual modules,ten performance goals and twenty-eight performance evaluation indexes.The positive coefficient of experts is 0.889.The average values of authoritative grade of experts are between 0.681～0.715.The Kendall W uniformity coefficients of the necessity,sensitivity and maneuverability of the indexes are respectively 0.167,0.209 and 0.185.The P values are less than 0.01.Conclusion The performance evaluation framework of public health in rural areas has certain application value.It is necessary to pay attention to scientific nature and applicability in developing performance evaluation of public health in rural areas.
ABSTRACT
To explore healthcare disparities in rural China two years after the implementation of the Essential Public Health Service [EPHS] reform in 2009. A cross-sectional study was conducted by surveying 930 hypertension patients [HPs] from different regions in rural China in 2011. The percentages of patients using recommended four or more follow-up visits in a year were calculated by patient socio-demographic characteristics and statistically examined using chi-square and logistic regression to uncover disparities and correlated factors in EPHS use. The rates were not significantly different by age, gender, education, insurance status or income, but significantly different by region and hypertension history [p < 0.01]. Higher rates were also observed on patients who sought actively follow-up service at clinics, making appointment for the next follow-up with doctors, awareness of the need of follow-up, more satisfied with the follow-up services, and better medication adherence [p < 0.01]. There were no disparities observed among HPs in the use of follow-up services, suggesting that the reform has to some extent achieved its goal in ensuring equal access to EPHS. In this regard, regional implementation of the national policies and improvement of EPHS management at local level should be further improved
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Public Health , Hypertension , Rural Population , Rural Health Services , Health SurveysABSTRACT
Objective To give an empirical study on the interests claims of patients in public hospitals. Methods By questionnaire investigation, to sum up data using factor analysis and pairedsamples T test, and to compare difference between different kinds of patients using ANOVA. Results The interests claims of patients can be summed up to six factors and there is no significant difference between different kinds of patients. Conclusion At current stage, public hospitals need improve medical technique and cut down medical expenses.