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ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of Huangqintang on mouse models of colitis-associated colon cancer （CAC） and explore the mechanism of Huangqintang in regulating immune function and inflammatory response， inhibiting abnormal cell proliferation， and delaying or inhibiting CAC formation in CAC. MethodC57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal group， model group， mesalazine group， and high- and low-dose Huangqintang groups according to body weight， with 12 mice in each group. Except for the normal group， the rest of the mice were given two intraperitoneal injections of 10 mg·kg-1 azomethane （AOM） and allowed to drink 1.5% dextran sodium sulfate （DSS） freely for seven days and water normally for two weeks. Then， two cycles of ''DSS-drinking water'' were repeated. During the administration of DSS， mice in the normal group and model group were given gavage in equal doses of pure water. Mice in the mesalazine group were given 150 mg·kg-1·d-1 mesalamine suspension for gavage， and mice in the high- and low-dose Huangqintang groups were given 18 and 9 g·kg-1·d-1 Huangqintang for gavage， respectively. Each group was given one dose daily until the end of three cycles. After the intervention， the body weight， colon length， and number of colon tumors in each group were measured， and disease activity index （DAI） scores were performed. The serum contents of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-4 （IL-4）， interleukin-10 （IL-10）， and gastrointestinal tumor marker carbohydrate antigen-199 （CA199） were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The colonic lesions were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The expression of proliferative cell-associated antigen （Ki67） was observed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of T lymphocyte subsets （CD3+， CD4+， CD8+， and CD49b+） in mouse plasma was detected by flow cytometry. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-D （FITC-D） content in mouse serum was detected by fluorescent labeling method. The Western blot method was used to detect the expression of Cyclin D1， cyclin-dependent kinase 2 （CDK2）， cyclin-dependent kinase 4 （CDK4）， and tightly junction-related Occludin and Claudin-1. ResultCompared with the normal group， the body weight of mice in the model group decreased. DAI score increased significantly， and the colon became shorter. Pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6， TNF-α， and IL-1β increased， and IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased （P<0.05）. The inflammatory factor IL-4 （P<0.05） and IL-10 were significantly reduced， and the tumor marker CA199 was significantly increased （P<0.01）. HE staining showed that colon lesions， intestinal mucosal epithelial defects with a large number of inflammatory infiltrates， serious crypt structure damage， and glandular arrangement disorder were observed in the model group. Ki67 positive granules were expressed in large areas of colonic tissue. The serum CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ of mice in the model group decreased significantly （P<0.05）， and CD8+ increased significantly （P<0.05）. The plasma content of FITC-D in the model group was significantly increased （P<0.05）， and the expression of Cyclin D1， CDK2， and CDK4 proteins in colon tissue was significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In addition， the expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 was significantly decreased. Compared with the model group， the body weight of mice in the mesalazine group and the high- and low-dose Huangqintang groups increased. DAI score decreased， and the colon became longer. IL-6， TNF-α， and IL-1β expression decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， but there was no significant change in IL-4 and IL-10. The content of CA199 was significantly reduced （P<0.05）， and the colomatoid lesions and inflammatory infiltrates were reduced in the mesalazine group and the Huangqintang group. The crypt structure damage was lighter， and the positive expression of Ki67 was reduced. CD4+， CD4+/CD8+， and CD49b+ increased， and the difference was not statistically significant. FITC-D content decreased （P<0.05）. The expression of Cyclin D1， CDK2， and CDK4 decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and Claudin-1 and Occludin protein expression increased in the high-dose Huangqintang group （P<0.05）. ConclusionHuangqintang has a certain delay and inhibitory effect on AOM/DSS-induced inflammatory cancer transformation， and its mechanism of action may be related to regulating immune function and inflammatory response， inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory factors， repairing damaged intestinal barriers， inhibiting abnormal proliferation of colon cells， and intervening in the formation and development of CAC colon tumors.
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BACKGROUND@#Post-operative pneumonia (POP) is a common complication of lung cancer surgery, and muscular tissue oxygenation is a root cause of post-operative complications. However, the association between muscular tissue desaturation and POP in patients receiving lung cancer surgery has not been specifically studied. This study aimed to investigate the potential use of intra-operative muscular tissue desaturation as a predictor of POP in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery.@*METHODS@#This cohort study enrolled patients (≥55 years) who had undergone lobectomy with one-lung ventilation. Muscular tissue oxygen saturation (SmtO 2 ) was monitored in the forearm (over the brachioradialis muscle) and upper thigh (over the quadriceps) using a tissue oximeter. The minimum SmtO 2 was the lowest intra-operative measurement at any time point. Muscular tissue desaturation was defined as a minimum baseline SmtO 2 of <80% for >15 s. The area under or above the threshold was the product of the magnitude and time of desaturation. The primary outcome was the association between intra-operative muscular tissue desaturation and POP within seven post-operative days using multivariable logistic regression. The secondary outcome was the correlation between SmtO 2 in the forearm and that in the thigh.@*RESULTS@#We enrolled 174 patients. The overall incidence of muscular desaturation (defined as SmtO 2 < 80% in the forearm at baseline) was approximately 47.1% (82/174). The patients with muscular desaturation had a higher incidence of pneumonia than those without desaturation (28.0% [23/82] vs. 12.0% [11/92]; P = 0.008). The multivariable analysis revealed that muscular desaturation was associated with an increased risk of pneumonia (odds ratio: 2.995, 95% confidence interval: 1.080-8.310, P = 0.035) after adjusting for age, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia score, smoking, use of peripheral nerve block, propofol, and study center.@*CONCLUSION@#Muscular tissue desaturation, defined as a baseline SmtO 2 < 80% in the forearm, may be associated with an increased risk of POP.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#No. ChiCTR-ROC-17012627.
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Humans , Cohort Studies , Pneumonia/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Oxygen , Muscles , Lung Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the characteristics of death and disease burden of residents in Pingshan District of Shenzhen City from 2019 to 2020 and provide data support for disease prevention and control. Methods The data of death surveillance and demography were collected. The causes of death were classified and coded according to ICD-10. The crude mortality, standardized mortality and potential years of life lost were calculated. Results From 2019 to 2020, 910 people died in Pingshan district.The average age of death was 64.94(47.06 - 82.34) years, the crude mortality was 102.04/100 000, the standardized mortality was 263.97/100 000, and the average life expectancy was 86.00 years. 558 men died and 352 women died , the crude mortality were 113.72/100 000 and 87.76 /100 000 , the standardized mortality rate 313.05/100 000 and 211.97/100 000 ; the average life expectancy were 84.66 years and 87.55 years . The crude mortality of male was higher than that of female (χ2=14.594, P<0.001). The standardized mortality of men was also higher than that of women. The top three causes of death in the whole population, men and women were circulatory system diseases, malignant tumors, diseases and injury from high to low. And the top three diseases with standardized potential life lost years and standardized potential life lost rate from high to low were injury, circulatory system diseases and malignant tumors. Conclusion Circulatory system diseases, malignant tumors, injury are the main causes of death and the three kinds of diseases with the heaviest disease burden in Pingshan District of Shenzhen city. Men are the key population for prevention and control. The prevention and control of the above three kinds of diseases should be done to reduce the mortality of local population.
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Objective To evaluate the protective effects of different modes of ventilation on the lungs on the operated side during one-lung ventilation (OLV ) in patients undergoing thoracic surgery .Methods Forty-five ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes ,aged 45-64 yr ,weighing 65-80 kg ,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=15 each) using a random number table :group A ,group B and group C .After induction of anesthesia ,the patients were intubated with double-lumen tube and OLV was performed .During OLV ,the lung on the operated side was collapsed naturally in group A ,positive pressure ventilation (FGF 2 L/min) was applied in the lung on the operated side in group B ,and high-frequency jet ventilation (frequency 100 beats/min ,driving pressure 0.5 kg/cm2 ) was used in the lung on the operated side in group C .Immediately after intubation (T0 ) , and at 1.5 h (T1 ) and 2 h (T2 ) of OLV ,blood samples were taken from the central vein and radial artery for determination of the serum interleukin-6 (IL-6 ) and IL-8 concentrations .The net release of IL-6 and IL-8 was calculated .Blood samples were taken from the radial artery at T0-2 for blood gas analysis and for determination of surfactant protein A (SP-A) concentration in the serum .Respiratory index (RI) was calculated .The non-cancer tissues 1.0 cm × 1.0 cm × 1.0 cm which were extracted from the lung cancer specimens were used for microscopic examination of the pathological changes of lungs which were scored .Results Compared with group A ,the net release of IL-6 and IL-8 ,serum SP-A concentration ,RI and pathological scores were significantly decreased at T1 ,2 in B and C groups ( P<0.05) .Compared with group B ,the serum SP-A concentration and RI were significantly decreased at T1 ,2 , and the net release of IL-6 was increased at T2 in group C ( P< 0.05 ) .Conclusion Continuous positive ventilation and high-frequency jet ventilation both can effectively protect the lungs on the operated side during OLV in patients undergoing thoracic surgery ,and the efficacy of high-frequency jet ventilation is better .
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Objective To explore the applications and effect of experience-based health education in maternal nursing in community.Methods According to the random number table,150 women pregnant for the first time were divided into control group and observation group with 75 in each group. In the control group,the traditional method for health education was used and in the observation group the experience-based teaching based on traditional health education.The two groups were compared in terms of the awareness rate of knowledge about maternal and infant health care and the incidence of postpartum depression.Result The awareness of knowledge about maternal and infant health care in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group and the incidence of postpartum depression in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion Experience-based health education can improve the level of knowledge about maternal and infant health care and reduce the incidence of maternal postpartum depression.