ABSTRACT
Blood groups are genetically determined and exhibit polymorphism, where different population groups have significant difference in the frequency of each blood group. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of ABO and Rhesus D blood groups among the blood donors. A total number of 1306 blood donors attended the donor centre at SKIMS Medical College Hospital for blood donation in the year 2001-02. After each donation blood samples were collected in separate pilot tubes for the estimation of ABO and Rhesus D blood groups. The frequency of O. A, Band AB, Rhesus D positive and Rhesus D negative were calculated separately. The highest frequency among the ABO blood groups was of B (39.43%) and the lowest was of AB (8.11 %). Among the Rhesus D phenotypes. majority (93.33%) were Rhesus D positive. where as only 6.67% were Rhesus D negative. The prevalence of ABO/Rhesus D was calculated and the highest frequency was of B Rh-D positive (37.44%) followed by a Rh-D positive (28.9-+%). A Rh-D positive (19.21 %), AB Rh-D positive (7.73%), a Rh-D negative (2.90%), B Rh-D negative (1.99%), A Rh-D negative (1.37%) and AB Rh-D negative (0.38%). This study showed that most common group was B followed by a & A and 93.33% were positive for Rh-D phenotype.
ABSTRACT
A large number of children were reached on national immunization day (NID ) on 20.01.2002 in Srinagar, and an attempt was made to assess the nutritional status of under fives by using weight for age criteria. Eight hundred seventy under fives were selected randomly from urban, rural and slum areas of Srinagar. Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) was found to be in 390(44.82%) of cases. out which 24.14%, 14.96%, 5.06%, 0.068% had grade I, II , III and IV PEM respectively. The prevalence of PEM was higher among females (49.58%) as compared to males (41.48%). It was also high in the age group of 1-3 yrs (55.84%) in slums (57.83%) and in the children or labour classl (58.99%). The prevalence of malnutrition increased with the birth order and family size and decreased with high literacy rate in parents. National immunization day can by used to assess the nutritional status of children and on this day other common childhood problems can be successfully looked into, so that a normogram for any region or country for administering vitamin A and education mothers can be prepared.