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1.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 73(1): 59-65, feb. 2021. graf, ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388789

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: El trauma representa un verdadero reto para los sistemas sanitarios por ser un gran problema de salud pública. En Chile se desconoce el manejo del paciente politraumatizado. Objetivo: Describir los resultados del primer registro de trauma (RT) en línea, en los pacientes que se atienden en el Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río durante los primeros dos años de la implementación. Materiales y Método: Se recoge información prospectiva en un registro en red, sobre pacientes víctimas de trauma, ingresados al Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río durante dos años. Estas variables involucran todo el proceso de atención clínica desde el ingreso al alta o fallecimiento. Resultados: En dos años, se registran 3.515 ingresos de pacientes víctima de trauma. Entre estos, el 81,3% son hombres. El 27% sufre trauma penetrante y 59% cerrado. Destacan más lesiones por arma de fuego que por arma blanca. El 18,4% de los pacientes ingresados tiene un el Injury Severity Score (ISS) mayor a 15 puntos. 34 pacientes ingresan en paro cardiorrespiratorio y 7,3 % lo hace hipotenso. Se realizan 1.856 tomografías y el 54,4% requiere cirugía de urgencia. Ingresan 692 traumas torácicos, 654 abdominales, 1.550 de extremidades, 687 lesiones en cráneo y 190 traumas cervicales. Se activa el protocolo de transfusión masiva en el 3,1% de los ingresos. El 8,3% utiliza la unidad de paciente crítico y la mortalidad es de 2,9%, teniendo como primera causa el trauma encéfalocraneano y segunda el shock hemorrágico. Conclusiones: Nuestro hospital tiene una gran incidencia de trauma. La implementación de un RT permite conocer la dimensión y evaluar el proceso asistencial en torno al paciente víctima de trauma. Es necesario dirigir recursos e implementar capacitación en los centros de alto volumen de trauma, además, de continuar con la extensión de la herramienta como estrategia de monitorización multicéntrica.


Introduction: Trauma represents a real challenge for health systems because is a major public health problem. In Chile, the management of polytrauma patients is unknown. Aim: Describe the results of the first online trauma registry; in patients treated at the Dr. Sótero del Río Hospital during the first two years of implementation. Materials and Method: Prospective information is collected in a network registry, about trauma victims, admitted to Dr. Sótero del Río Hospital for two years. These variables involve the entire clinical care process from admission to discharge or death. Results: 3.515 admissions of trauma victims are registered in two years. Among these, 81.3% are men. 27% suffered penetrating trauma and 59% closed. They emphasize larger injuries by firearm than by bladed weapon. 18.4% of admitted patients have ISS greater than 15 points. 34 patients enter cardio-respiratory arrest and 7.3% make it hypotensive. 1,856 CT scans are performed and 54.4% require emergency surgery. They admitted 692 thoracic trauma, 654 abdominal, 1550 limb, 687 skull injuries and 190 cervical trauma. The massive transfusion protocol is activated at 3.1% of the admissions. 8.3% use the critical patient unit and mortality is 2.9%, with cranial brain trauma as the first cause and hemorrhagic shock as a second cause. Conclusions: Our hospital has a high incidence of trauma. The RT implementation allows us to know the dimension and assess the care process about the trauma patient. It is necessary to direct resources and implement training in high-volume trauma centers, as well as continuing with the extension of the tool as a multi-center monitoring strategy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology , Trauma Severity Indices , Registries , Wounds and Injuries/mortality , Wounds and Injuries/prevention & control , Traumatology/statistics & numerical data
2.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 36(4)dic. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388125

ABSTRACT

Resumen La Fibrosis Quística (FQ) es la enfermedad hereditaria de pronóstico reservado más frecuente en raza blanca. Desde el año 2003, Chile inicia un Programa Nacional de Fibrosis Quística, de carácter integral, dirigido por la Unidad de Salud Respiratoria del Ministerio de Salud. Hasta la fecha, los principales resultados del Programa registran una significativa mayor sobrevida (promedio 27 años) y una significativa reducción en la edad de diagnóstico de los pacientes ingresados desde 2006 en adelante. El acceso a la canasta GES (Garantías Explícitas en Salud), la implementación del tamizaje neonatal en algunas regiones del país, la organización y la constitución de equipos entrenados en FQ de diversas especialidades, ha contribuido a mejorar los resultados. Si bien las principales manifestaciones son del aparato respiratorio y digestivo, el carácter multisistémico de la FQ obliga a conocer los distintos aspectos involucrados en su manejo, a fin de optimizar los resultados del tratamiento y los recursos invertidos, tanto en el sector público como privado. Este documento es una revisión y actualización sobre los principales aspectos del diagnóstico, seguimiento y tratamiento de las manifestaciones respiratorias y no respiratorias de la FQ.


Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most frequent hereditary disease in whites, with a reserved prognosis. Since 2003, Chile began a comprehensive National Cystic Fibrosis Program, directed by the Respiratory Health Unit of the Ministry of Health. To date, the main results of the Program record a significantly longer survival (average 27 years) and a significant reduction in the age of diagnosis of patients admitted from 2006 onwards. Access to Chilean Explicit Health Guarantees, the implementation of neonatal screening in some regions of the country, the organization and setting up of CF-trained teams of various specialties, has contributed to improving results. Although the main manifestations are of the respiratory and digestive system, the multisystemic nature of CF makes it necessary to know the different aspects involved in its management, in order to optimize the results of the treatment and the resources invested, both in the public and private sectors. This document is a review and an update on the main aspects of the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of the respiratory and non-respiratory manifestations of CF.

3.
Neumol. pediátr. (En línea) ; 15(4): 429-483, 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1146394

ABSTRACT

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most frequent hereditary disease in whites, with a reserved prognosis. Since 2003, Chile began a comprehensive National Cystic Fibrosis Program, directed by the Respiratory Health Unit of the Ministry of Health. To date, the main results of the Program record a significantly longer survival (average 27 years) and a significant reduction in the age of diagnosis of patients admitted from 2006 onwards. Access to Chilean Explicit Health Guarantees, the implementation of neonatal screening in some regions of the country, the organization and setting up of CF-trained teams of various specialties, has contributed to improving results. Although the main manifestations are of the respiratory and digestive system, the multisystemic nature of CF makes it necessary to know the different aspects involved in its management, in order to optimize the results of the treatment and the resources invested, both in the public and private sectors. This document is a review and an update on the main aspects of the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of the respiratory and non-respiratory manifestations of CF.


La Fibrosis Quística (FQ) es la enfermedad hereditaria de pronóstico reservado más frecuente en raza blanca. Desde el año 2003, Chile inicia un Programa Nacional de Fibrosis Quística, de carácter integral, dirigido por la Unidad de Salud Respiratoria del Ministerio de Salud. Hasta la fecha, los principales resultados del Programa registran una significativa mayor sobrevida (promedio 27 años) y una significativa reducción en la edad de diagnóstico de los pacientes ingresados desde 2006 en adelante. El acceso a la canasta GES (Garantías Explícitas en Salud), la implementación del tamizaje neonatal en algunas regiones del país, la organización y la constitución de equipos entrenados en FQ de diversas especialidades, ha contribuido a mejorar los resultados. Si bien las principales manifestaciones son del aparato respiratorio y digestivo, el carácter multisistémico de la FQ obliga a conocer los distintos aspectos involucrados en su manejo, a fin de optimizar los resultados del tratamiento y los recursos invertidos, tanto en el sector público como privado. Este documento es una revisión y actualización sobre los principales aspectos del diagnóstico, seguimiento y tratamiento de las manifestaciones respiratorias y no respiratorias de la FQ.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adult , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Cystic Fibrosis/therapy , Chile , Nutritional Status , Cystic Fibrosis/rehabilitation , Consensus , Health Resources
4.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 72(2): 151-156, ago. 2012. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-651899

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La timpanoplastía está orientada a la reconstrucción anatomofuncional del oído medio que realizada en la membrana timpánica se denomina miringoplastía. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados anatomofuncionales de la miringoplastía transcanal con pericondrio tragal inlay en pacientes intervenidos en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital San Camilo entre 2004 y 2009. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo de fichas de 56 pacientes entre 7 y 77 años. Universo: 60 oídos, muestra: 48 oídos con edad promedio de 34 años. Se evaluaron resultados anatómicos según sexo, edad, ubicación, causa de perforación y mejoría funcional objetivada por audiometría. Resultados: La integridad anatómica posquirúrgica es de 81,3% sin diferencias según género. Según edad existe diferencia significativa de 93,3% para el tramo 7-19 años respecto del total. Las perforaciones centrales tuvieron un éxito de 100%. La causa más frecuente de perforación fue por otitis media crónica simple (75%) con una integridad posquirúrgica del 80,5%. El 97,6% logró mejorar o mantener el nivel de audición, estableciéndose diferencialmente mejoría funcional en 52,4%, y una mantención en 45,2%. Conclusión: Los mejores resultados para esta técnica se obtienen en menores de 20 años con perforaciones centrales, siendo una técnica ideal que conserva la estructura de la membrana timpánica para futuras intervenciones.


Introduction: Tympanoplasty is orientated to the anatomofunctional reconstruction of the middle ear, which is named myringoplasty, when performed in the tympanic membrane. Aim: To evaluate the anatomofunctional results of transcanal myringoplasty with inlay tragal perichondrium in patients controlled in the Otorhinolaryngology Unit of San Camilo Hospital, between 2004 and 2009. Material and method: Retrospective descriptive study on files of 56 patients between 7 and 77 years of age. Universe: 60 ears, sample: 48 ears with average age 34 years. Anatomical results were evaluated according to sex, age, location, cause of perforation and functional improvement measured by audiometry. Results: The overall anatomical postsurgical integrity is 81,3 % without differences between sexes. According to age there is a significant difference for the section between 7-19 years of age respect of the total (93,3 %). Central perforations had a 100% success rate. The most frequent reason of perforation was simple chronic otitis media (75%) with a postsurgical integrity of 80,5 %. 97,6 % managed to improve or maintain hearing level, (52,4 % gained functional improvement, and 45,2 % maintained hearing level). Conclusion: Using this technique, best results are obtained in patients younger than 20 years of age, with central perforations. It is an ideal method that preserves the structure of the tympanic membrane for future interventions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Myringoplasty/methods , Myringoplasty/rehabilitation , Tympanoplasty , Chile , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Ear, Middle/surgery
5.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 28(5): 404-409, oct. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-603076

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Superficial mycoses are infections of the keratinous tissue caused by dermatophytes, yeasts and environmental fungi. Objectives: To identify the species of dermatophytes, yeasts and environmental fungi that cause superficial mycosis and analyze their differences by sex, age and location of the lesion, in patients from the region of Valparaiso, during 2007-2009. Materials and Methods: 1004 patients diagnosed with superficial mycoses were studied. All ages and both genera were included. The study was done using direct microscopic examination with 20 percent KOH and culture of the lesions. Fungi identification was mainly morphophysiological. Results: Of the 1004 patients studied, 609 were women and 87.7 percent was 15 years old or younger. Toenail onychomycosis was the most frequent lesion (58.1 percent), followed by tinea pedis and interdigitalis (16.3 percent). In patients younger than 8 years old, tinea capitis by Microsporum canis was the most common mycoses. Among dermatophytes, Trichophyton rubrum (78.9 percent) predominated in most locations, followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (14.9 percent) and M. canis (5.4 percent). Candida spp. (95.4 percent) prevailed among the yeasts causing onychomycosis. There were 27 cases of toenail onychomycosis caused by environmental fungi, mainly Fusarium. Conclusions: Our results are consistent with national and international data, where T. rubrum is the predominant agent of dermatomycoses. We report the emergency of agents not described in Chile or Latin America in these infections.


Introducción: Las micosis superficiales son infecciones causadas por dermatofitos, levaduras y hongos ambientales en tejidos queratínicos. Objetivos: Conocer las especies de dermatofitos, levaduras y hongos ambientales que causan micosis superficiales, analizar sus diferencias según sexo, edad y localización en pacientes de la Región de Valparaíso durante el período 2007-2009. Materiales y Métodos: Se estudiaron 1.004 pacientes de todas las edades, con diagnóstico de micosis superficiales. Se realizó examen microscópico directo con KOH al 20 por ciento y cultivos de las lesiones. La identificación de los hongos fue principalmente con morfo-fisiología. Resultados: De 1.004 pacientes evaluados, 609 fueron mujeres y 87,7 por ciento tenían sobre 15 años de edad. La onicomicosis de pie fue la lesión más frecuente (58,1 por ciento), seguida de tinea plantar e interdigital (16,3 por ciento). Bajo 8 años de edad, tinea capitis por Microsporum canis fue la lesión más frecuente. Entre los dermatofitos, Trichophyton rubrum (78,9 por ciento) predominó en la mayoría de las localizaciones, seguido por Trichophyton mentagrophytes (14,9 por ciento) y M. canis (5,4 por ciento). Entre las levaduras predominó Candida spp (95,4 por ciento) como causa de onicomicosis. Hubo 27 casos de onicomicosis de pies por hongos filamentosos ambientales, destacando por frecuencia el género Fusarium. Conclusiones: Los datos presentados coinciden en general con los trabajos nacionales e internacionales, donde T. rubrum predomina en la mayoría de las dermatomicosis. Destaca la aparición de agentes no descritos en Chile ni en Latinoamérica en este tipo de infecciones.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Dermatomycoses/diagnosis , Age Distribution , Chile/epidemiology , Dermatomycoses/epidemiology , Dermatomycoses/microbiology , Prospective Studies , Sex Distribution
6.
Arq. ciênc. vet. zool. UNIPAR ; 13(2): 77-82, jul.-dez. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1462606

ABSTRACT

Este experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Sericicultura, no Campus Sede da Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR) de Umuarama, no período de 17/09/2009 a 17/10/2009, com o objetivo de verificar o efeito da própolis em diferentes dosagens na alimentação durante o desenvolvimento biológico do bicho-da-seda (Bombxy mori L). O método empregado na parte experimental foi a pulverização do extrato alcoólico de própolis, diluído em 500 mL de água destilada nas folhas de amoreira, nas seguintes dosagens, água-controle, 5mL, 10mL, 15mL e 20mL compondo os tratamentos T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, respectivamente. As folhas de amoreira foram fornecidas cinco vezes ao dia, durante o manejo alimentar. Verificou-se pelos resultados obtidos, que as diferentes dosagens de própolis utilizadas interferem no ganho de peso das lagartas, no peso dos casulos verdes e crisálidas quando comparado ao tratamento controle, influenciando também no número de casulos formados e, para os teores de seda bruto e líquido não apresentaram resultados significativos, quando comparados com o tratamento controle. Portanto, verificou-se que a própolis, nas dosagens utilizadas, não trouxe efeitos depressivos à biologia e produção do bicho-da-seda.


This experiment was conducted at the Sericulture Laboratory, in the Campus Sede of the Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR) in Umuarama, from 17/09/2009 to 17/10/2009, in order to verify the effects of propolis in different dosages during the development of silkworm (Bombyx mori L). The method used during the experiment was the dillution of an alcohoolic solution of propolis, in 500 mL of destilled water with its further pulverization on mullberry leaves, with the following doses: water control; 5 mL; 10 mL; 15 mL; 20 mL, composing the following treatments: T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, respectively. The mullberry leaves were sprinkled five times a day, during the feed management. It was verified by the results that the different doses of propolis used interfere with gain-weight of the larvae, weight of cocoons and chrysalis, when compared to control. The treatment also influenced the number of cocoons formed. The contento fraw and liquid silk were not significant when compared with the control. Therefore, it was concluded that the propolis, used in those dosages, brought no depressive effects to the development and the production of silkworm.


Este experimento se realizó en el Laboratorio de Sericicultura del Campus Sede de la Universidad Paranaense (UNIPAR) de Umuarama, en el período de 17/09/2009 a 17/10/2009, con el objetivo de verificar el efecto de propóleos en diferentes dosis en la alimentación durante el desarrollo biológico del gusano de seda (Bombyx mori L.). El método usado en la parte experimental fue la pulverización del extracto alcohólico de propóleos, diluido en 500 ml de agua destilada en las hojas de morera, en las siguientes dosis: agua control, 5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml y 20 ml componiendo los tratamientos T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, respectivamente. Las hojas de morera fueron suministradas cinco veces al día, durante el manejo alimentar. Por los resultados obtenidos se verificó que las dosis diferentes de propóleos utilizadas interfieren en el gano de peso de los gusanos, en el peso de los capullos verdes y crisálidas cuando comparado al tratamiento control, influenciando también en el número de capullos formados y, para contenidos de seda bruta y líquida no presentan resultados significativos, mientras comparado con el tratamiento control. Sin embargo, se puede verificar que propóleos, en dosis utilizadas, no trajo efectos depresivos a la biología y producción del gusano.


Subject(s)
Animals , Bombyx/growth & development , Phytotherapy/veterinary , Morus , Propolis/administration & dosage , Silk/biosynthesis
7.
P. R. health sci. j ; 25(3): 273-278, Sept. 2006.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-472196

ABSTRACT

Coarctation of the Aorta is frequently associated with bicuspid aortic valve. This is a risk factor for infective endocarditis. Aneurysm of a sinus of Valsalva is a rare defect with a prevalence of 0.09. They are associated in 10of cases with a bicuspid aortic valve and less frequently with coarctation of the aorta and atrial septal defect. It is extremely rare the association of coarctation of the aorta with an atrial septal defect. This is one of the first cases reported in Puerto Rico of an adult patient with coarctation of the aorta in association with a bicuspid aortic valve, a ruptured aneurysm of a sinus of Valsalva and an atrial septal defect. The patient is a 22 year old male with coarctation of the aorta diagnosed since childhood who was admitted at the Cardiovascular Center of Puerto Rico with signs of heart failure due to infective endocarditis secondary to a teeth infection. Upon evaluation with transthoracic and transesophageal echos, he was found to have a coarctation at the aortic isthmus, aortic root dilatation, bicuspid aortic valve with vegetation, severe aortic and tricuspid regurgitation, aneurysm of the non coronary sinus of Valsalva with perforation to the right atrium, biatrial enlargement and a dilated right ventricle. Successful antibiotic treatment of endocarditis was achieved followed by surgical replacement of the aortic valve and ascending aorta with closure of the non coronary sinus of Valsalva was done. An secundum atrial septal defect was found and was also closed. Surgical correction of the coarctation of the aorta was postponed for a future time. The patient had a successful postsurgical recovery and was discharged home with anticoagulation treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Aortic Aneurysm/complications , Aortic Coarctation/complications , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications , Endocarditis, Bacterial/complications , Sinus of Valsalva/abnormalities , Abnormalities, Multiple , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Aortic Aneurysm/diagnosis , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Aortic Coarctation/diagnosis , Aortic Coarctation/surgery , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/diagnosis , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/surgery , Echocardiography, Doppler, Color , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/therapy , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation , Sinus of Valsalva/surgery , Sinus of Valsalva , Treatment Outcome , Aortic Valve/microbiology , Aortic Valve/surgery , Aortic Valve
8.
Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R ; 97(4): 323-327, Oct.-Dec. 2005.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-442757

ABSTRACT

Myxomas are the most common type of primary cardiac tumors. Around 70% of patients who have them are females, 86% occur in the left atrium and more than 90% are solitary. In the left atrium the usual site of attachment is in the fossa ovalis. Less common sites within the left atrium are the mitral valve or in areas near it. This patient, with a left atrial myxoma originating low in the interatrial septum near the mitral valve, is one of the first cases reported in Puerto Rico. The patient is a 41 year old female with no previous history of systemic illnesses who one month prior to admission developed episodes of chest pain and shortness of breath. A 2D echo, done by a local physician, revealed a mobile left atrial mass causing diastolic obstruction of the valve. She was referred to our institution for further evaluation. A transesophageal echo was done showing a large bilobulated mass connected to the lowermost portion of the atrial septum, close to the mitral annulus, specially to the anterior leaflet. It also showed concurrent mitral regurgitation caused by the mass. The tumor was successfully resected without major complications and it was proven to be connected to the septum 1 cm above the mitral annulus. Pathological examination confirmed it to be a myxoma


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Heart Neoplasms , Myxoma , Heart Septum , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Electrocardiography , Heart Atria , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/etiology , Treatment Outcome
9.
Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R ; 97(4): 248-256, Oct.-Dec. 2005.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-442764

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Heart transplantation is the procedure of choice for a selected group of patients with end stage heart disease. Gender related differences have been observed in the heart transplant field: less women than men are recipients of heart transplants, more risk of rejection in female recipients, and a perception toward reduced survival in women. We report our experience of heart transplantation in females in Puerto Rico. METHODS: We studied the data bank of 69 heart transplant recipients in the Puerto Rico Heart Transplant Program from June 1999 to June 2005. Gender related differences in the number of recipients: males or females, incidence of rejection, survival, and other outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: 69 patients received an orthotopic heart transplant from June 1999 to June 2005, in a single center in Puerto Rico. The mean age of the patients was 47 (11-62) years. Fifty patients (72%) were men, and 19 patients (28%), were women. Survival in the female group at 3 months, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years was 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 90%, and 90% respectively. The survival in the male group at 3 months, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years was 97%, 97%, 97%, 94%, 86 and 79% respectively. There was an early, higher incidence of rejection in women during the first three months post transplant; 1.5 vs. 0.75, (P=0.04) episodes per patient in the female, and male group respectively. After the third month post transplant there was no significant difference in rejection incidence. The incidence of infectious episodes was significantly more frequent in female than in male recipients, 2.8 vs. 1 (P=0.02) per patient respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There were more male than female heart transplant recipients at a ratio of 3:1, without a significant gender difference in survival. The risk of rejection was higher in females in the early period post transplantation, but thereafter this risk showed no signinificant statistical difference. The incidence of infection was more frequent in female...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Heart Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Age Factors , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Incidence , Puerto Rico , Retrospective Studies , Graft Rejection/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Survival Analysis , Time Factors , Heart Transplantation/mortality
10.
CES odontol ; 17(2): 25-33, jul.-dic. 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-467235

ABSTRACT

El propósito del estudio fue comparar la estabilidad de los cementos temporales Coltosol(R) y Cavit(R), durante un tratamiento de blanqueamiento dental no vital con perborato de sodio y agua estéril. La estabilidad se analizó comparando el espesor bucolingual medido en el momento que se colocó el cemento y 7 días después. Se utilizó es S. salivarius como marcador de filtración para evaluar la integridad de los cementos. Los dientes fueron divididos en 4 grupos, 2 experimentales tratados con perborato de sodio y 2 grupos controles tratados con hidróxido de calcio. Los dientes fueron sumergidos en su tercio coronal por 7 días en medio de cultivo BHI con S. salivarus. Posteriormente los dientes se descalificaron y se cortaron transversalmente desde la superficie del cemento a 1, 2 y 3 mm; se aplicó Gram Histologico como tinción y se evaluó la presencia y severidad de la Microfiltración coronal. De los 40 dientes experimentales se analizaron 54 y 52 cortes con Cavit(R) y Coltosol(R) respectivamente y de los 20 dientes controles se analizaron 30 cortes para cada cemento. Se encontró que el Coltosol(R) sufre un desplazamiento similar independiente de la sustancia que contenga dentro de la cámara pulpar, mientras el cemento Cavit(R) sufre desplazamiento en presencia de Perborato de sodio, pero no se desplaza con el Hidróxido de calcio. También se encontró una Microfiltración bacteriana similar en ambos cementos en presencia de perborato de sodio (24 por ciento- 36 por ciento), sin embargo, en presencia de hidróxido de calcio, el Coltosol(R) presentó mayor Microfiltración (53 por ciento)...


Subject(s)
Dental Cements , Microstraining , Tooth Bleaching , Calcium Hydroxide , Sterilized Water , Viridans Streptococci
11.
P. R. health sci. j ; 23(4): 285-292, Dec. 2004.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-406532

ABSTRACT

The cardiomyopathies constitute a group of diseases with direct involvement of the heart muscle itself, and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Society and Federation of Cardiology (ISFC) have promulgated a classification taking into consideration the etiology and pathophysiology, which includes dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, and unclassified cardiomyopathies. Over 25 causes are associated with the development of the cardiomyopathies. The classification of the diseases affecting the heart and causing the cardiomyopathies is presented including the highlights of the most important data for diagnosis and management of each one.


Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathies/classification , Primary Health Care , Cardiomyopathies/drug therapy , Cardiomyopathies/etiology
12.
P. R. health sci. j ; 23(4): 273-277, Dec. 2004.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-406534

ABSTRACT

Heart failure is one of the most common causes of hospitalization in adult patients. With the recent technological advances and the use of new medications for controlling rejection, heart transplant has been established as a definite therapeutic measure for properly selected patients with advanced congestive heart failure. As there is an active transplant program in the Cardiovascular Center of Puerto Rico and the Caribbean, this review is intended to acquaint the practicing physician with the required work up and management of patients referred for cardiac transplant. Emphasis is given to indications, clinical and psychosocial evaluation, optimization of medical therapy and to the absolute and relative contraindications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Heart Transplantation , Heart Failure/surgery , Patient Selection
13.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 62(2): 157-162, ago. 2002. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-323270

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso de sarcoma de Ewing localizado en fosas nasales, en un paciente de 21 años, cuya manifestación inicial fue epistaxis y obstrucción nasal, haciéndose evidente, posteriormente, una masa a nivel de fosa nasal izquierda. La tomografía computada y la resonancia nuclear magnética mostraron un extenso proceso expansivo de fosa nasal izquierda y techo de fosa nasal derecha, descartando compromiso de tejido encefálico. El diagnóstico de sarcoma de Ewing se hizo basado en los hallazgos histológicos y confirmado por el estudio inmunohistoquímico. El tratamiento consistió en una poliquimioterapia neoadyuvante agresiva asociada a radioterapia. Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica del tema, enfatizando la rara localización de este tumor a nivel de cabeza y cuello. Se analizan los métodos de diagnóstico, resaltando la importancia del estudio inmunohistoquímico. Se destaca que en la actualidad hay consenso en que la mejor terapia es la poliquimioterapia neoadyuvante agresiva seguida de radioterapia y/o cirugía para el control local de la enfermedad


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Sarcoma, Ewing , Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms , Nasal Cavity , Diagnosis, Differential
16.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 58(1): 11-9, abr. 1998. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-242716

ABSTRACT

Se realiza una evaluación retrospectiva de los pacientes con estenosis laringotraqueal vistos por el autor en el departamento de otorrinolaringología, en los últimos 12 años. La muestra consta de 64 pacientes en los cuales se analiza la distribución por sexo, edad y causas de la estenosis laringotraqueal en la que destaca la intubación endotraqueal prolongada en un 62 por ciento de los casos, seguida por el traumatismo laringotraqueal en un 18 por ciento. Se analizan algunos aspectos del manejo de estos pacientes, agrupados en dos categorías: manejo quirúrgico y observación. Se evalúa el éxito de la terapia en base al porcentaje de pacientes que logran decanularse posterior al tratamiento y al tiempo en que dicha decanulación puede realizarse. Finalmente se realiza una revisión de la literatura acerca del tema, haciendo hincapié en la prevención de la estenosis laringotraqueal, atacando directamente las causas que mayormente inciden en su producción, como es la intubación endotraqueal prolongada


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Tracheal Stenosis/etiology , Laryngostenosis/etiology , Tracheal Stenosis/surgery , Tracheal Stenosis/prevention & control , Laryngostenosis/surgery , Laryngostenosis/prevention & control , Retrospective Studies , Anastomosis, Surgical , Clinical Evolution , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures
17.
P. R. health sci. j ; 17(1): 69-73, mar. 1998. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-228470

ABSTRACT

To assess the survival probabilities of patients with end stage renal disease in Puerto Rico, the data from the United States Renal Data System from 1970 through 1994 was analyzed. The Kaplan Meier method was used to determine the survival rate for the following variables: diagnosis, gender, age groups, treatment modality and health regions. The analysis included 7,527 patients reported to the United States Renal Disease System of which 4,295 (57 percent) patients were reported dead. The median time of survival rate (50 percent) was 47.7 months. There was significantly lower survival rate (p = 0.0001) for diabetics compared with all the other diagnosis. Age was also a strong predictor of survival (p = 0.0001) and modality treatment (p = 0.0001). We concluded that diabetes, the elderly and the hemodialysis modality, had the lower survival rate in the puerto rican population


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality , Age Factors , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Diabetes Mellitus/complications , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Peritoneal Dialysis , Puerto Rico , Renal Dialysis , Sex Factors , Survival Rate , Time Factors
18.
Biofarbo ; 6(5): 81-85, ene. 1997. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-316127

ABSTRACT

Este estudio bacteriológico de la microflora del surco gingival realizado en 20 individuos en 2 grupos de 10, uno con cepillado antes del primer alimento y el otro sin cepillado, compara y demuestra el tipo de microorganismos que han proliferado en el surco gingival durante el descanso nocturno y que al no ser retirados con un cepillado matinal en ayunas tienen mayor probabilidad de ser transportados a profundidas apical del surco gingival con los primeros ejercicios masticatorios y por consiguiente tienen mayor probabilidad de sobrevivencia y multiplicacion debido a su retención, lo cual se demostró en la segunda toma de muestras y exámenes bacteriológicos de los mismos grupos. Los resultados encontrados en esta investigación, tienen la finalidad de introducir en los pacientes y en la población en general, el hábito del cepillado matinal en ayunas como práctica eficaz para disminuir posibles patologias gingivales y periodontales. También romper la costumbre existente de cepillarse solamente después de desayunar. La higiene dental matinal antes y después del desayuno conducirá a resultados satisfactorios de salud dental


Subject(s)
Humans , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Toothbrushing
19.
Rev. méd. Panamá ; 20(3): 92-97, Sept. 1995.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-409934

ABSTRACT

The authors present the diagnosis and treatment of a fetus with hydrops secondary to severe maternal anemia. The mother was treated with blood transfusion, digoxin, spironolactone, iron and folic acid. In the two weeks of treatment the hydrops was controlled and the mother had a normal delivery at the 34th week of gestation. The newborn presented with an Apgar 7-9, Hb of 8 gm% and a normal evolution


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Hydrops Fetalis , Anemia, Macrocytic/diagnosis , Cardiotonic Agents/administration & dosage , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/diagnosis , Digoxin/administration & dosage , Diuretics/administration & dosage , Spironolactone/administration & dosage , Hydrops Fetalis/diagnosis , Hydrops Fetalis/drug therapy , Apgar Score
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