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J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 85(4): 315-321, ago. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-525164

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito de um programa de educação nutricional na prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade e no consumo alimentar de alunos da 2ª série do ensino fundamental. MÉTODOS: Amostra composta por 135 escolares de uma escola privada e uma pública de Florianópolis (SC), divididos entre os grupos com intervenção (n = 55) e sem intervenção (n = 80). Realizaram-se duas avaliações antropométricas e de consumo alimentar, antes e após a aplicação de um programa de educação nutricional. O programa foi composto por oito encontros quinzenais e abordou temas referentes à alimentação saudável, confecção de lanches adequados e atividade física. O diagnóstico nutricional foi obtido pelo índice de massa corporal para idade, de acordo com o Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, e os alimentos consumidos na escola foram classificados em permitidos ou proibidos pela Lei das Cantinas de Santa Catarina. Os dados foram analisados no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, considerando como significativo p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: O percentual de escolares com sobrepeso/obesidade passou de 21,8 para 23,6 por cento nas turmas com intervenção e de 33,7 para 35,0 por cento nas turmas sem intervenção (p > 0,05). Observou-se diminuição significante no consumo de suco artificial (p = 0,013), alimento proibido pela Lei, nas turmas com intervenção. Nas turmas sem intervenção, observou-se aumento significante no consumo de alimentos proibidos, como salgadinho industrializado (p = 0,021) e refrigerante (p = 0,031). Além disso, o cereal matinal, alimento apropriado para o lanche escolar, teve consumo reduzido (p = 0,039). CONCLUSÃO: Foram observadas melhorias em relação à qualidade dos alimentos consumidos pelos escolares após a aplicação do programa de educação nutricional, apesar de sua curta duração.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of a nutritional education program on the prevalence of overweight/obesity and on the foods eaten by schoolchildren in the 2nd grade of primary education. METHODS: The sample was made up of 135 schoolchildren, recruited from one private and one public school in Florianópolis, Brazil, and allocated to either an intervention group (n = 55) or a no-intervention group (n = 80). The children underwent two anthropometric assessments and two dietary intake assessments, before and after attending a nutritional education program. The program consisted of eight fortnightly meetings and covered subjects related to healthy diets, how to make healthy snacks, and physical activity. Nutritional status was classified according to body mass index for age, using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts as reference, and the foods the children ate at school were classified according to the Santa Catarina School Canteens Act. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, and values of p < 0.05 were defined as significant. RESULTS: The percentage of overweight/obese schoolchildren increased from 21.8 to 23.6 percent in the intervention group and from 33.7 to 35.0 percent in the no-intervention group (p > 0.05). The intervention group significantly (p = 0.013) reduced its intake of artificial juice, which is prohibited by the Act. In the no-intervention group, there was a significant increase in intake of prohibited foods, such as mass-produced snacks (p = 0.021) and soda (p = 0.031). Furthermore, the intake of breakfast cereal, which is appropriate for eating at school, decreased (p = 0.039). CONCLUSION: Despite its short duration, after attending the nutritional education program, there were improvements in the quality of the food the schoolchildren were eating.


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Health Education , Obesity/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Nutrition Surveys , Program Evaluation/methods , Schools
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