Teste de labirinto: instrumento de análise na aquisição de uma habilidade motora / Maze test: instrument for analyzing the acquisition of motor skills

CONTEXTO: A análise da aquisição de uma habilidade motora através de instrumento simples e fácil pode auxiliar no diagnóstico e no tratamento fisioterapêutico. OBJETIVO: O estudo se propôs a verificar se o teste de labirinto pode ser utilizado como um instrumento de análise na aquisição de uma habilidade motora, através de medidas, tais como, tempo de execução e número de tentativas para estabilizar o desempenho, sob a influência de pistas visuais. MÉTODO: A amostra consistiu de 70 estudantes universitários saudáveis do sexo masculino, de 20 ± 2 anos, divididos em dois grupos que fizeram testes de labirinto com e sem pistas visuais. Foram realizadas 30 tentativas e dois testes de retenção. Os dados foram analisados pela ANOVA two-way de medidas repetidas (Newman-Keuls post hoc). RESULTADOS: Verificou-se diferença significativa no tempo de execução entre as tentativas com estabilização do desempenho a partir da 8ª tentativa no labirinto sem pistas e da 6ª tentativa no labirinto com pistas, se mantendo após os testes de retenção. No teste de labirinto com pistas a estabilização ocorreu mais cedo e o tempo de execução do movimento foi maior. CONCLUSÕES: As evidências encontradas mostraram que o teste de labirinto permite identificar a quantidade adequada de prática para treinar uma habilidade motora e verificar a influência da pista visual na estabilização do desempenho, sugerindo um instrumento a ser utilizado na Fisioterapia

BACKGROUND: Analysis of the acquisition of motor skills by means of a simple and easily used instrument may assist in physiotherapeutic diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE: To verify whether the maze test can be used as an instrument for analyzing the acquisition of motor skills, by means of measurements such as the time taken and number of attempts required for performance stabilization, under the influence of visual clues. METHOD: The sample consisted of 70 healthy male university students, aged 20 ± 2 years, divided into two groups that underwent maze tests with and without visual clues. Thirty attempts were made and two retention tests were performed. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with repeated measurements (with post hoc Newman-Keuls test). RESULTS: There were significant differences in the time taken between attempts, with performance stabilization from the eighth attempt in the maze without clues and from the sixth attempt in the maze with clues, and this was maintained after the retention tests. In the maze test with clues, stabilization occurred earlier and the time taken to perform the movement was greater. CONCLUSION: The evidence showed that the maze test enables identification of the appropriate quantity of practice for training motor skills and verifying the influence of visual clues on performance stabilization of performance, thereby suggesting that this instrument can be used in physical therapy.

Estudo dos picos de torque concentrico e excentrico dos rotadores mediais e laterais do ombro de atletas do polo aquatico / Study of the difference of eccentric and concentric peak torque in lateral and medial rotators in water polo players shoulder

O ombro e a regiao mais comprometida nos jogadores de polo aquatico. As lesoes que ocorrem tem como fator predisponente um desequilibrio entre os musculos do manguito rotador durante o arremesso, principalmente pela sobrecarga excentrica. Objetivo: analisar os valores de pico de torque concentrico e excentrico e a relacao de torque entre os movimentos de rotacoes lateral e medial do ombro, nos membros de arremesso e contralateral, em atletas do polo aquatico. Metodo: participaram deste estudo 12 atletas de polo aquatico do sexo masculino e com idade media de 20,8 +- 1,7 anos...

Hemiplegia congênita e adquirida na criança: interrelação entre a presença de crises epilépticas e os achados eletrencefalográficos / Congenital and acquired hemiplegia in children: epileptic crisis and eletrencephalografic signs

PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to compare the presence or absence of seizures and their relationship with the electroencephalographic findings in children with congenital and acquired hemiplegia. METHODS: 35 children with congenital and acquired hemiplegia were studied by clinical and electroencephalographic features. We analyzed the frequency and seizures severity and their relationship between the background activity and epileptogenic discharges in the electroencephalogram (EEG). RESULTS: From the 35 children, 26 (74.6%) presented congenital hemiplegia and 9 (25.6%) acquired one. Seventeen (48.5%) had right hemiplegia and 18 (51.4%) left one. It was find 25 cases (71.4%) with seizures and 10 cases without seizures. All the patients with seizures presented abnormal EEG activity that was bilateral in 44% of the cases. The patient without seizures presented abnormal background activity in 90% of cases and only 10% were bilateral. Concerning epileptogenic activity, it was find 78% of patients with seizures and 68% of patients without seizures.There was statistical significance related to abnormal background activity and uncontrolled epileptic seizures. CONCLUSION: The bilateral disorganization of the background activity in the EEG is related with uncontrolled seizures. The background activity well organized in the opposite side of lesion has a good prognosis to control seizures. The epileptogenic focal activity isn't always related with the presence of seizures.