ABSTRACT
Introducción: la depresión materna interfiere en la crianza y la alimentación de los hijos a través de conductas de alimentación infantil. Objetivo: examinar cómo la depresión materna predispone al desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad infantil. Metodología: revisión integrativa empleando la metodología de Whittemore y Knafl, y la declaración PRISMA, en PubMed y CONRICyT, utilizando los descriptores "depression", "depressive symptoms","mothers" y "childhood obesity", e incluyendo artículos con metodología cuantitativa publicados entre 2013 y 2020 cuyos indicadores fueran peso y conductas en la población infantil. Resultados: en 22 artículos se identificaron vías conductuales, como conductas maternas de alimentación, estilos de alimentación, prácticas de alimentación infantil, inseguridad alimentaria y recurrencia de la depresión. Conclusión: seis vías conductuales poco aptas para la alimentación y el desarrollo se identificaron como mediadoras entre la depresión y el aumento de peso infantil.
Introduction: Maternal depression interferes with raising and feeding children through infant feeding behaviors. Objective: To examine how maternal depression predisposes to the development of childhood overweight and obesity. Methods: An integrative review with the Whittemore & Knafl methodology and the PRISMA background in PubMed and CONRICyT, using descriptors "depression","depressive symptomatology","mothers" and "childhood obesity". Articles with a quantitative methodology, from 2013 to 2020, with analysis of weight or behavior indicators in the child population were included. Results: In 22 articles, behavioral pathways were identified, such as: maternal eating behaviors, feeding styles, feeding practices, food insecurity and recurrence of depression. Conclusions: Six behavioral pathways unsuitable for eating and development were identified as mediators between depression and infant weight gain.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Women's Health , Depression , Child Nutrition , Pediatric Obesity , Mothers , Overweight , Feeding Behavior , Mexico , ObesityABSTRACT
Children with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis are frequently treated with parenteral antibiotics, but only a few have bacterial meningitis. Although some clinical prediction rules, such as bacterial meningitis score, are of well-known value, the cerebrospinal fluid white blood cells count can be the initial available information. Our aim was to establish a cutoff point of cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count that could distinguish bacterial from viral and aseptic meningitis. A retrospective study of children aged 29 days to 17 years who were admitted between January 1st and December 31th, 2009, with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis (white blood cell > 7 µL-1) was conducted. The cases of traumatic lumbar puncture and of antibiotic treatment before lumbar puncture were excluded. There were 295 patients with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis, 60.3% females, medium age 5.0 ± 4.3 years distributed as: 12.2% 1-3 months; 10.5% 3-12 months; 29.8% 12 months to 5 years; 47.5% >5 years. Thirty one children (10.5%) were diagnosed with bacterial meningitis, 156 (52.9%) viral meningitis and 108 (36.6%) aseptic meningitis. Bacterial meningitis was caused by Neisseria meningi tidis (48.4%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (32.3%), other Streptococcus species (9.7%), and other agents (9.7%). cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count was significantly higher in patients with bacterial meningitis (mean, 4839 cells/µL) compared to patients with aseptic meningitis (mean, 159 cells/µL, p < 0.001), with those with aseptic meningitis (mean, 577 cells/µL, p < 0.001) and with all non-bacterial meningitis cases together (p < 0.001). A cutoff value of 321 white blood cell/µL showed the best combination of sensitivity (80.6%) and specificity (81.4%) for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis (area under receiver operating characteristic curve 0.837). Therefore, the value of cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count was found to be a useful and rapid diagnostic test to distinguish between bacterial and nonbacterial meningitis in children.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Leukocytosis/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Meningitis, Viral/diagnosis , Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid , Diagnosis, Differential , Leukocyte Count , Leukocytosis/diagnosis , Meningitis, Bacterial/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Este estudo avaliou as condiçöes gerais de saúde das crianças de um assentamento rural, localizado no Município de Tumiritinga, Vale do Rio Doce, MG, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram obtidos dados de 69 crianças de zero a 60 meses de idade, com relação ao estado nutricional (antropometria e nível de hemoglobina), parasitose intestinal, tempo de aleitamento materno, práticas alimentares e calendário de vacinação. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que 7,6 por cento das crianças apresentavam déficits nos índices peso/idade e estatura/idade e 47,5 por cento, baixa concentração de hemoglobina. A infestação parasitária foi detectada em 96,1 por cento das 51 crianças que fizeram o exame e 34,0 por cento estavam com a vacinação atrasada. A mediana de tempo de aleitamento materno exclusivo foi de 30 dias e observou-se inadequada freqüência de consumo de alimentos-fontes de ferro. CONCLUSAO: Dado o aumento dos assentamentos rurais no Brasil e as precárias condiçöes de saúde e nutrição infantil encontradas neste estudo, tornam-se necessárias medidas urgentes e efetivas de intervenção preventiva, voltadas à promoção da saúde dessa população.