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Objective: To investigate the influence of autologous adipose stem cell matrix gel on wound healing and scar hyperplasia of full-thickness skin defects in rabbit ears, and to analyze the related mechanism. Methods: Experimental research methods were adopted. The complete fat pads on the back of 42 male New Zealand white rabbits aged 2 to 3 months were cut to prepare adipose stem cell matrix gel, and a full-thickness skin defect wound was established on the ventral side of each ear of each rabbit. The left ear wounds were included in adipose stem cell matrix gel group (hereinafter referred to as matrix gel group), and the right ear wounds were included in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) group, which were injected with autologous adipose stem cell matrix gel and PBS, respectively. The wound healing rate was calculated on post injury day (PID) 7, 14, and 21, and the Vancouver scar scale (VSS) scoring of scar tissue formed on the wound (hereinafter referred to as scar tissue) was performed in post wound healing month (PWHM) 1, 2, 3, and 4. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe and measure the histopathological changes of wound on PID 7, 14, and 21 and the dermal thickness of scar tissue in PWHM 1, 2, 3, and 4. Masson staining was performed to observe the collagen distribution in wound tissue on PID 7, 14, and 21 and scar tissue in PWHM 1, 2, 3, and 4, and the collagen volume fraction (CVF) was calculated. The microvessel count (MVC) in wound tissue on PID 7, 14, and 21 and the expressions of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in scar tissue in PWHM 1, 2, 3, and 4 were detected by immunohistochemical method, and the correlation between the expression of α-SMA and that of TGF-β1 in scar tissue in matrix gel group was analyzed. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in wound tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on PID 7, 14, and 21. The number of samples at each time point in each group was 6. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measurement, analysis of variance for factorial design, paired sample t test, least significant difference test, and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: On PID 7, the wound healing rate in matrix gel group was (10.3±1.7)%, which was close to (8.5±2.1)% in PBS group (P>0.05). On PID 14 and 21, the wound healing rates in matrix gel group were (75.5±7.0)% and (98.7±0.8)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than (52.7±6.7)% and (90.5±1.7)% in PBS group (with t values of 5.79 and 10.37, respectively, P<0.05). In PWHM 1, 2, 3, and 4, the VSS score of scar tissue in matrix gel group was significantly lower than that in PBS group (with t values of -5.00, -2.86, -3.31, and -4.45, respectively, P<0.05). Compared with the previous time point within the group, the VSS score of scar tissue at each time point after wound healing in the two groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), except for PWHM 4 in matrix gel group (P>0.05). On PID 7, the granulation tissue regeneration and epithelialization degree of the wounds between the two groups were similar. On PID 14 and 21, the numbers of fibroblasts, capillaries, and epithelial cell layers in wound tissue of matrix gel group were significantly more than those in PBS group. In PWHM 1, 2, 3, and 4, the dermal thickness of scar tissue in matrix gel group was significantly thinner than that in PBS group (with t values of -4.08, -5.52, -6.18, and -6.30, respectively, P<0.05). Compared with the previous time point within the group, the dermal thickness of scar tissue in the two groups thickened significantly at each time point after wound healing (P<0.05). Compared with those in PBS group, the collagen distribution in wound tissue in matrix gel group was more regular and the CVF was significantly increased on PID 14 and 21 (with t values of 3.98 and 3.19, respectively, P<0.05), and the collagen distribution in scar tissue was also more regular in PWHM 1, 2, 3, and 4, but the CVF was significantly decreased (with t values of -7.38, -4.20, -4.10, and -4.65, respectively, P<0.05). Compared with the previous time point within the group, the CVFs in wound tissue at each time point after injury and scar tissue at each time point after wound healing in the two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), except for PWHM 1 in matrix gel group (P>0.05). On PID 14 and 21, the MVC in wound tissue in matrix gel group was significantly higher than that in PBS group (with t values of 4.33 and 10.10, respectively, P<0.05). Compared with the previous time point within the group, the MVC of wound at each time point after injury in the two groups was increased significantly (P<0.05), except for PID 21 in PBS group (P>0.05). In PWHM 1, 2, 3, and 4, the expressions of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in scar tissue in matrix gel group were significantly lower than those in PBS group (with t values of -2.83, -5.46, -5.61, -8.63, -10.11, -5.79, -8.08, and -11.96, respectively, P<0.05). Compared with the previous time point within the group, the expressions of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in scar tissue in the two groups were increased significantly at each time point after wound healing (P<0.05), except for the α-SMA expression in matrix gel group in PWHM 4 (P>0.05). There was a significantly positive correlation between the expression of α-SMA and that of TGF-β1 in scar tissue in matrix gel group (r=0.92, P<0.05). On PID 14 and 21, the expressions of VEGF (with t values of 6.14 and 6.75, respectively, P<0.05) and EGF (with t values of 8.17 and 5.85, respectively, P<0.05) in wound tissue in matrix gel group were significantly higher than those in PBS group. Compared with the previous time point within the group, the expression of VEGF of wound at each time point after injury in the two groups was increased significantly (P<0.05), and the expression of EGF was decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions: Adipose stem cell matrix gel may significantly promote the wound healing of full-thickness skin defects in rabbit ears by promoting collagen deposition and expressions of VEGF and EGF in wound tissue, and may further inhibit the scar hyperplasia after wound healing by inhibiting collagen deposition and expressions of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in scar tissue.
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Male , Rabbits , Animals , Cicatrix , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Epidermal Growth Factor , Hyperplasia , Wound Healing , Stem Cells , Transforming Growth Factor betaABSTRACT
Lipid-based nanocarrier is a classic drug delivery system with great biocompatibility and biodegradability. It can effectively reduce the toxicity of anti-tumor and anti-infective drugs in clinical practice. However, it has not yet met the clinical demand for enhanced therapeutic efficacy, and the clinical application is still very limited. The complex in vivo delivery process of lipid-based nanomedicine and the reciprocal interactions with body lead to unexpected changes in in vivo performance of nanomedicine and seriously hinder clinical translation. Therefore, the in-depth study of the relationships among intrinsic properties of lipid-based nanomedicine, the in vivo delivery process, and the regulatory mechanisms will not only provide guidance for the rational design of nanocarriers, but also promote the clinical translation and precision medicine of new lipid-based nanomedicine. In this review, we summarize the in vivo delivery process, regulating factors and intervention strategies for the in vivo delivery of lipid-based nanomedicine.
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Objective To establish a scientific, operational monitoring and early warning index system for schistosomiasis, so as to provide scientific evidence for promoting the scientification and standardization of early warning system in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Region. Methods Two rounds of Delphi experts’ interviews were applied to construct Index system. The weight value of each indicator was determined by the Analytic Hierarchy process and improvable proportionate allocation method. Reliability, validity of index system and the rationality of index weight distribution can be evaluated in site investigation. Results The Index system included 3 first-order indicators, 9 second-order indicators, and 35 third-order indicators. The 3 first-order indicators were endemic status, environmental and social factors, control measures, with the weight value of 0.531 0, 0.101 5 and 0.367 5, respectively. For the 9 second-order indicators, the highest weight value was for Infection status of human and livestock (0.179 5)and the lowest for social factors(0.050 6). During site investigation, the Cronbach’s alpha and spit half reliability of the total index system and three first-order indicators were all over 0.90, the Kendall W coefficient for the data collected in site investigation and Delphi consultation was 0.742 (P=0.018). Conclusions The Monitoring and Early Warning Index System for Schistosomiasis is suitable for the infection status of Poyang Lake Eco-economic region. The reliability and validity of index system are satisfactory, and the indicator weight distribution is rational.
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AIM: To explore the nursing cooperation highlights of eight osteopetrosis patients underwent optic nerve decompression via transsphenoidal microsurgical approach instead of routine pathway, and to improve the quality of nursing cooperation. ·METHODS: We enrolled 8 cases ( left eye in 3 cases, right eye in 5 cases ) of osteopetrosis patients referred from the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University during February 2012 to November 2016. Patients received ophthalmic examinations including visual acuity and diagnostic imaging tests in pre-operation and post -operation. All eyes were performed surgical optic nerve decompression through endoscopic approach in assist of image guidance system. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and surgical cooperation procedure of these cases and summarized nursing cooperation experience. ·RESULTS:The operations of 8 patients were completed successfully without massive hemorrhage. Mean visual acuity improved from pre-operation (2. 5±2. 1) to post-operation (3. 4±1. 9). Cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred in 1 patient and was instantly repaired during the operation. We performed the nursing strategy as postural drainage, condition monitoring and conscious assessment intra-and post-operation. ·CONCLUSION: It is the critical for this kind of surgery that both circulating nurse's high-skilled cooperation to the connection and operation of the navigation system, to treat with complication during the surgery, and scrub nurse's sufficient preparation of surgical instruments and consumables, proficient equipment delivery, meticulous management, use and maintenance of equipment.
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267 newly-diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into normoalbuminuria group [group N-UAlb, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR)300 mg/g, n=76). The control group(group NC) consisted of 114 healthy individuals. Serum betatrophin, adiponectin(APN), and interleukin-1β( IL-1β) levels were determined with ELISA methods and the parameters of body mass index (BMI), estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR), HbA1C, fasting plasma glucose(FPG), OGTT 2h plasma glucose(2hPG), fasting insulin(FINS), OGTT 2h postprandial insulin(2hPINS), fasting C-peptide(FCP), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistant index(HOMA-IR), and blood lipid were collected. Compared with group NC, the serum betatrophin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes were obviously increased. In patients with type 2 diabetes, betatrophin levels increased along with the increase of UACR and there were significant differences in betatrophin among the three groups(P<0. 01). Betatrophin positively correlated with UACR, HbA1C, FPG, 2hPG, FINS, 2hPINS, HOMA-IR, TC, LDL-C, and TG( r were 0. 785, 0. 225, 0. 136, 0. 241, 0. 386, 0. 223, 0. 411, 0.216,0.193,and0.298,allP<0.05),and betatrophin were also positively correlated with APN and IL-1β(rwere 0. 643 and 0. 710, both P<0. 01). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that UACR, HbA1C, FINS, and TG were independent relevant factors affecting betatrophin levels.
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Objective To investigate the effects of Ganlu Xiaodu Pills and its residues on PSGL-1 and proinflammatory cytokines in Coxsackie virus A16 (CoxA16) mouse model; To discuss its antiviral mechanism of action. Methods Totally 150 ICR mice at age of 7 days were randomly divided into normal group, model group, all-side group, aromatic residual group, clearing residual group and removing residual group, with 25 mice in each group. Except for normal group, other groups were injected intraperitoneally with 20 μL of 107TCID50 CoxA16 standard stock solution to establish models. Except for normal group and model group, other groups were given relevant medicine for intervention. The expressions of PSGL-1, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-4 and histopathological observation were detected after 10 days of medication. Results Except for the normal group, the existence of a large number of CoxA16 in other groups of mouse muscle tissues proved successful modeling. HE staining showed that Ganlu Xiaodu Pills and residual could reduce damage to the muscle by CoxA16 virus. Compared with the normal group, the expression of PSGL-1 protein in the model group increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, all-side group, aromatic residue group, clearing residual group, removing residual group inhibited the expression of PSGL-1 protein, reduced the inflammatory factors of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-4 (P<0.01). Conclusion Ganlu Xiaodu Pills and its residues have anti-inflammatory effects, and the all-side group shows the best efficacy.
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Objective To investigate the association of adaptor protein,phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1(APPL1)with urinary albumin excretion rate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),and to explore the role of APPL1 in the development of diabetic kidney disease(DKD). Methods According to the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(UACR),288 newly-diagnozed patients with T2DM were divided into normal albuminuria group(UACR<30 mg/g,n=116),microalbuminuria group(UACR 30 ~300 mg/g,n=95),and macroalbuminuria group(UACR>300 mg/g,n=77). 130 healthy subjects with matched sex and age were used as control group. Serum APPL1,tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),and adiponectin levels were measured by ELISA method. Results Serum APPL1 level in T2DM patients was significantly higher than that in control subjects (P<0.01), and increased with the rising of UACR. In patients with T2DM, serum APPL1 level was negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate(r=-0.246, P<0.01) while it was positively correlated with HbA1C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin resistance index, serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen, systolic blood pressure, TNF-α, and adiponectin(r=0. 119, 0. 167, 0. 209, 0.194,0.273,0.242,0.131,0.144,0.365, and 0.952, respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Serum APPL1 level in patients with T2DM was increased with the rising of UACR, suggesting that APPL1 may be involved in the development of DKD.
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Objective To develop europium (Ⅲ) [Eu (Ⅲ)] chelated microparticles for homogeneous immunoassay.Methods Anti-human PCT antibodies were labeled with Eu (Ⅲ) chelated nanoscale microparticles as the detection antibody,and another anti-human PCT antibody was labeled with biotin as the solid-phase antibody.Magnetic microspheres labeled with streptavidin were used to separate the complexes of Eu-IgM-PCT-IgM-Biotin.Results In the homogeneous immunoassay,the standard curve fit was not linear.The quadratic curve was Y =19170.12 + 75493.74X-26.00X2(r =0.9986).According to the standard curve,the limit of detection for PCT was 0.04 ng/ml.Conclusion The homogeneous immunoassay which uses Eu (Ⅲ) chelated microparticles is highly sensitive for detection of PCT recombinant antigens and may serve as a promising method to measure serum PCT levels in the future.
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Objective To investigate the expression levels of serum vasohibin-1(VASH-1)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients at different stages of urinary albumin to creatinineratio(UACR)and to attempt to investigate the relationship between VASH-1 and inflammation and fibrosis in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy(DN), one of the microvascular complications of T2DM. Methods 486 patients with T2DMwere divided into four groups:normal albuminuria [ UACR 300 mg/ g, n = 106 ], and clinical albuminuria hypertensive [ UACR > 300 mg/ g, with hypertension, n=124] groups. Age, course, serum levels ofVASH1, inflammation markers(CRP, ESR)and fibrosis marker( TGF-β1) with other biochemical indicators were measured, and 130 normal control subjects were also included. Results Compared with normal control group, the levels of UACR, HbA1C ,ESR, CRP, TGF-β1 and VASH-1 in groups ofnormal albuminuria, microalbuminuria, clinical albuminuria, and clinical albuminuria hypertensive were significantly higher(P<0. 05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that levels of VASH-1 were positively correlated with UACR, HbA1C ,ESR, CRPand TGF-β1( r = 0. 521, 0. 261, 0. 519, 0. 523, 0. 479, P<0. 001), while multivariate regression analysis showed that levels of UACR, HbA1C ,ESR, CRP and TGF-β1 were important factors affecting serum VASH-1 levels. Conclusion Serum levels of VASH-1 may become new biomarkers of early diagnosis of DN. Consequently, VASH-1 level may provide a new pattern and direction of inflammation and fibrosis for consideration in diabetic kidney damage.
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Objective To explore the roles of MircroRNA-217 ( Mir-217 ) , silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)in high glucose-induced inflammation and fibrosis in rat glomerular mesangial cells( RMCs) . Methods RMCs were pre-incubated with a Sirt1 activator resveratrol prior to high glucose treatment or transfected with Sirt1 small interfering RNA( siRNA) , HIF-1αsiRNA, and Mir-217 inhibitor. Real-time PCR was used to analyze the expressions of Mir-217, Sirt1 mRNA, and HIF-1α mRNA; Western blot was used to observe the protein expressions of Sirt1, HIF-1α, connective tissue growth factor(CTGF), endothelin-1(ET-1), and fibronectin( FN) . Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to detect protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF). Results High glucose increased Mir-217, HIF-1α, CTGF, ET-1, FN, TGF-β1, and VEGF expressions(all P<0. 01), while decreased Sirt1 expression. In addition, Mir-217 gene silencing or 25μmol/L resveratrol suppressed high glucose-stimulated expressions of HIF-1α, CTGF, endothelin-1, FN, TGF-β1, and VEGF(all P<0. 01). Conclusion Mir-217 mediates high glucose-induced inflammation and fibrosis in RMCs via Sirt1/HIF-1αsignal pathway. This study provides new evidence to clarify the protective mechanisms of Sirt1 in diabetic nephropathy.
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Objective To explore the associations of serum Mir-217 with silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1)and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)in type 2 diabetic patients with different urinary albumin excretion rates. Methods A total of 479 patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into normoalbuminuric(D1, n=181), microalbuminuric(D2, n=165), and macroalbuminuric(D3, n=133)subgroups. 192 normal subjects served as control group. Serum level of Mir-217 was detected by realtime PCR. Serum Sirt1, HIF-1α, and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with control subjects, serum Mir-217 level was significantly increased in type 2 diabetic patients and gradually increased in D1, D2, and D3 groups(P<0. 01). The parameters of age, diabetes duration, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistant index(HOMA-IR), HbA1C, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol( LDL-C) , total cholesterol ( TC ) , triglyceride ( TG ) , serum uric acid ( SUA ) , blood urea nitrogen(BUN), HIF-1α, VEGF, and Mir-217 all were positively correlated with ACR(all P<0. 05). High density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)and Sirt1 were negatively correlated with ACR(both P<0. 05). VEGF, HIF-1α, Mir-217, BUN, diabetes duration, LDL-C, Sirt1, and SUA were independent factors that influenced ACR(all P<0. 01). Additionally, diabetes duration, HOMA-IR, HbA1C, ACR, LDL-C, TC, TG, SUA, BUN, HIF-1α, and VEGF were positively correlated with Mir-217(all P<0. 05), while Sirt1 was negatively correlated with Mir-217(P<0. 01). Conclusion Serum Mir-217, as a possible biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy, may be involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy by promoting chronic inflammatory reaction, renal fibrosis, and angiogenesis.
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[Summary] The aim of this study was to detect the levels of serum miR-130b expression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to analyze their correlation with diabetic renal damage. 243 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups according to urinary albumin/creatinine ratio ( UACR ): normoalbuminuria group (UACR300 mg/g, n=54). The levels of serum miR-130b were validated by realtime polymerase chain reaction. Serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) in all patients and 59 healthy volunteers. Compared with control group, the level of serum miR-130b in the type 2 diabetes mellitus group were significantly decreased, gradually with the increases of UACR. The level of serum miR-130b was inversely correlated with blood urea nitrogen ( r=-0. 295, P<0.05), serum creatinine(r=-0. 316, P<0. 05), UACR(r=-0. 463, P<0. 05), but positively related to the estimated glomerular filtration rate(r=0. 367, P<0. 01). The level of serum miR-130b was also negatively correlated to homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 (r=-0. 257,-0. 345,-0. 242,-0. 562,-0. 622, all P<0. 01). The present study indicates that serum miR-130b might be a potential new biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Serum miR-130b might be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
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Objective To explore the changes in expression of Klotho, an aging-suppression protein, and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin ( NGAL) and their relationship with rat mesangial cells ( RMCs) cultured with high glucose in vitro, and to explore the role played by Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) / nuclear factor-kB(NF-kB) p65 pathways in this process. Methods Three NGAL-siRNA sequences were designed and synthesized. The effective sequence in subsequent experiments was chosen. RMCs were preincubated with pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC)or exogenously added Klotho prior to high glucose treatment. Realtime PCR was used to analyze Klotho, TLR4, NGAL mRNA expressions. Western blot was used to observe Klotho, TLR4,NF-kB p65, NGAL,fibronectin (FN), and connective tissue growth factor ( CTGF) protein expression. ELISA assay was used to detect monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( MCP-1) and CXCL5 secretions. Results High glucose suppressed Klotho expression significantly(P<0. 05) and activated TLR4 / NF-kB p65 pathway. Meanwhile,the levels of NGAL,FN,CTGF, MCP-1, and CXCL5 were highly expressed ( P < 0. 01). NGAL gene silencing obviously down-regulated the increased expressions of FN, CTGF, MCP-1, and CXCL5 ( P < 0. 01). After PDTC treatment the overexpression of NGAL protein was markedly lowered(P<0. 01). In addition, Klotho treatment significantly inhibited the activity of TLR4 /NF-kB p65 pathways and down-regulated the expressions of NGAL, FN, CTGF, MCP-1 and CXCL5 stimulated by high glucose(P<0. 01). Conclusion Klotho inhibits the activity of TLR4 / NF-kB p65 pathways and thus inhibits NGAL expression in RMCs cultured with high glucose in vitro. And then it suppresses the expressions of FN, CTGF, MCP-1, and CXCL5. This provides a new basis to illustrate the protection mechanism of the anti-aging protein Klotho in diabetic nephropathy, and may provide new ideas and therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment.
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Objective To examine whether alpha lipoic acid (LA) regulates high glucose-induced mesangial cell proliferation via mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling.Methods The cell proliferation and cycle were determined by methylthiazoletetrazolium(MTT) assay and flow cytometry,respectively.The mRNA expression of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK) was detected by realtime PCR.The phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (Akt),mTOR,eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1),and 70S6 kinase (p70S6K) were measured by Western blot.Results 0.25 mmol/L LA promoted high glucose-sitmulated rat mesangial cell proliferation(P＜0.01) and entry of cell cycle into S phase(P＜0.01),along with increased phosphorylation levels of Akt,mTOR,p70S6K,and 4EBP1 (P＜0.05).These effects of 0.25 mmol/L LA disappeared when Akt activity was inhibited.On the contrary,1.0 mmol/L LA inhibited high glucose-induced cell proliferation(P＜0.01) and entry of cell cycle into S phase(P＜0.01),with the decreased phosphorylation levels of mTOR,p70S6K,and 4EBP1 (P＜ 0.05) and the enhanced activity of AMPK(P＜0.01).These effects of 1.0 mmol/L LA were prevented when AMPK activity was inhibited.Conclusions LA dose-dependently regulates mesangial cell proliferation induced by glucose via mTOR signaling pathway.
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Objective Paraquat(PQ) is an effective herbicide which is widely used in agricultural production .PQ poisoning is frequently seen in humans with the lung as the target organ ,but the poisoning mechanisms is not very clear .Studies show that endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) is closely associated with poisoning , but there are few reports on the relationship between ER stress and PQ poi-soning.This article was to investigate the effects of ERS-induced apoptosis and total flavonoids from astragalus complanatus (FAC) in a-cute lung injury(ALI) following paraquat poisoning in rats . Methods A total of 30 adult healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were ran-domly divided into 3 groups:control group, ALI group, ALI+FAC group and ALI+saline group.Biochemical method was applied to de-tect superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in lung tisssue,TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay in observing lung apoptosis, Western blotting and real-time PCR(RT-PCR) in detecting the changes in expressions of C/EBP homologous peotein (CHOP), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and X-box binding protein 1 (XBP) following ALI, and HE staining in observing the pathological changes of lung tissue . Results Compared with control group , the expression of MDA content was enhanced in ALI group ([3.26 ±0.24] vs [5.04 ±0.36],P<0.01), along with significantly decreased activity of SOD and CAT ([300.26 ±35.69] vs [187.21 ±25.66]), ([5.78 ±1.28] vs [2.15 ±1.12],P<0.01), increased cell apoptosis , upregulated pro-tain level of CHOP ([0.74 ±0.20] vs [0.23 ±0.07],P<0.01) and mRNA expression of ATF4, XBP1 and CHOP.However, FAC sig-nificantly attenuated ALI following PQ , as showed by reduced MDA content , enhanced activity of SOD and CAT , decreased cell apopto-sis, inhibited protain level of CHOP and mRNA expression of ATF 4, XBP1 and CHOP ([5.04 ±0.36] vs [3.99 ±0.27],P<0.01). Furthermore, the activity of SOD and CAT were higher in FAC pretreatment group than those in ALI group ([ 0.74 ±0.20 ] vs [0.42 ±0.11],P<0.01). Conclusion From the research, ERS-induced cell apoptosis is involved in ALI following PQ , and the protec-tive role of FAC in lung tissue following PQ is due to its effect in atten-uating ERS-induced apoptosis .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the chemical constituents of Gentiana rhodantha.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>To isolate the constituents, column chromatography over silica gel, MCI, Sephadex LH-20 and C18 reverse-phased silica gel were used. Spectroscopic methods were used to elucidate the structures of the isolated compounds.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Sixteen compounds were isolated and elucidated as ten phonemic compounds, namely 1,3,7,8-tetrahydroxylxanthone (1), rhodanthenone D (2), 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxylxanthone (3), 1,3,7-trihydroxy-4,8-dimethoxyxanthone (4), quercetin (5), isoorientin (6), mangiferin (7), norswertianolin (8), gallic acid ethyl ester (9) and salicylic acid (10), and six triterpenes including alpha-amyrin (11), erythrodiol 3-O-palmitate (12), ursolic aldehyde (13), uvaol 3-O-acetyl (14), ursolic acid (15) and 2alpha-hydroxyursolic acid (16).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 4-6, 8, 10-12, 15 and 16 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1 and 3 were obtained firstly from the genus Gentiana and compounds 9, 13-14 were firstly from the family Gentianaceae.</p>
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Chromatography, Gel , Chromatography, Reverse-Phase , Dextrans , Gentianaceae , Chemistry , Mass Spectrometry , Oleanolic Acid , Chemistry , Plant Extracts , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Quercetin , Chemistry , Salicylic Acid , Chemistry , Silica Gel , Triterpenes , Chemistry , Xanthones , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of COX-2 and telomerase activity in esophageal carcinoma tissues(ECT)and resection margin of the esophagus(RME),and to analyze their diagnostic and prognostic value for esophageal carcinoma.Methods The expression of COX-2 and telomerase activity in ECT and RME was examined in 82 patients with esophageal carcinoma and 40 normal esophageal epithelium tissues(NEET) by tissue array with EnVision imimunohistochemistry.Their correlations with the clinicopathologic factors were analyzed statistically.Results The positive expression rates of COX-2 and telomerase in ECT and RME were significantly higher than those in NEET(82.9 ％,29.3 ％vs 12.5 ％;and 87.8 ％,18.3 ％vs 5.0 ％;respectively;all P ＜ 0.05).The expression of COX-2 and telomerase in ECT and RME was correlated to TNM stage,tumor cell differentiation and lymph node metastasis (all P ＜0.01),while both expression in RME was closely related to anastomotic recurrence following resection of esophageal carcinoma (P＜0.01).The survival rate in esophageal carcinoma patients with the positive expression of COX-2 and telomerase in RME could be much lower than those with negative expression of COX-2 and telomerase in RME (P=0.000,Log-rank test).COX-2 expression was positively correlated to telomerase in ECT and RME (r=0.786,0.218,P＜0.05).Conclusion COX-2 and telomerase might be important biological markers for malignant transformation and invasion and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma.The activity of COX-2 and telomerase in RME could prognosticate anastomotic recurrence,and could be potential biomarkers evaluate the surgical treatment and prognosis of esophageal carcinoma.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To present a new mini-invasive surgery for compressive optic neuropathy (CON) in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) by adequately decompressing the orbital apex and correcting proptosis, and to analyze its results.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective chart was reviewed in 29 patients receiving orbital decompression for the treatment of CON secondary to GO from October 2006 to May 2011. All patients diagnosed CON were in stable and inactive phase of GO at least for 6 months. All patients received endoscopic transethmoid medial orbital wall decompression to reduce the compression on the orbital apex. In the meanwhile, an endoscopic transethmoid intraconal fat-removal orbital decompression was performed to remove parts of intraconal fat with a special aspiration/cutting instrument to further reduce the proptosis. All patients were followed up periodically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>of improvement of visual acuity (VA), color vision, and amount of proptosis reduction and incidence of induced diplopia 9 months after surgery was recorded for analysis its feasibility.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Forty-five orbits of 29 patients were included in the study. At the 9 months review, 44 of 45 eyes (97.8%) improved their VA from -0.65±0.30 (x±s) preoperatively to -0.24±0.22, with a mean improvement of 0.55±0.17 (t=-13.012, P<0.001), 23 of 29 eyes (79.3%) had improved color vision (P<0.001), and the mean reduction in proptosis was (7.07±1.59) mm (range 4-11 mm). Postoperative symmetry to within 2 mm were achieved in all patients. Except 1 patient complaining of deterioration in diplopia following surgery, no patients presented new on-set diplopia postoperatively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The endoscopic transethmoid medial orbital wall decompression combined with the endoscopic transethmoid intraconal fat-removal orbital decompression is an effective treatment with minimal morbidity for both visional recovery and improvement of proptosis for CON in GO.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adipose Tissue , General Surgery , Decompression, Surgical , Methods , Endoscopy , Ethmoid Bone , General Surgery , Graves Ophthalmopathy , General Surgery , Orbit , General Surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and toxicity of docetaxel combined with compound tegafur capsule(S-1)on anthracycline-refractory recurrent metastatic breast cancer (ARMBC).Methods Thirty-eight ARMBC patients were given intravenous 70 mg/m2 docetaxel at day 1,and oral 60 mg/m2 S-1twice every day at day 1 to 14.Every 3 weeks was one cycle and each patient received at least two cycles.ResultsAfter treatment,among these 38 patients,there was 2 complete response (CR) (5.3 ％),20 partial response (PR) (52.6 ％),10 stable disease (SD) (26.3 ％),and 6 progressive disease (PD) (15.8 ％).Overall objective response rate was 57.9 ％ (95 ％ confidence intervaal: 42.6 ％-74.2 ％) while clinical benefit response rate was 73.7 ％ (95％ confidence interval: 58.4 ％-89.1％).The median time to progression (TTP) was 7.8 months(95 ％ confidence interval:6.7-8.9 months),and median overall survival time(OS)was 15.7 months (95 ％ confidence interval: 12.9-18.8 months).The main toxic reaction was myelosuppression,and grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ adverse events including leucopenia occurred in 21.1％ of all cases.Most common grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ adverse events,such as hand-foot syndrome,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,liver dysfunction,and oral mucositis,were tolerable.ConclusionGood clinical efficacy is achieved in the therapy of metastatic breast cancer with docetaxel and S-1 combination regimen and toxic reaction is tolerable.
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Objective To study the effect of Simo Decoction on senile constipation. Methods A total of 109 cases with senile constipation were randomly recruited into a control group (49 case) and a treatment group (60 case). The control group was treated with Dangguihuilong pill, while the treatment group was additionally treated with Simo Decoction on that basis.Results The total effective rate was 93.33% and 79.59% in the treatment group and the control group respectively, showing statistical difference (x2=22.586, P＜0.01). Conclusion It was effective to treat senile constipation with Simo Decoction.